The spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of Clostridioides difficile in patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Abstract

Aim. To study the distribution of Clostridioides difficile strains resistant to antibacterial drugs in patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Materials and methods. The study included 102 strains of Clostridioides difficile, isolated from 118 patients with a clinical picture of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Isolation and identification of microorganisms was carried out by standard bacteriological methods. Results. Of the total number of isolated strains of C. difficile, 7.6% were resistant to vancomycin and metronidazole. 21.9% of C. difficile strains were resistant to metronidazole. The level of resistance to vancomycin in strains isolated from patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, according to our data, has increased from 4% to 9.6% over the past 2 years. More than half of C. difficile strains (51.3%) were resistant to rifaximin. 2 strains of C. difficile were resistant to fidaxomycin. Conclusions. The analysis of C. difficile resistance to the main drugs recommended as etiotropic therapy for clostridial colitis showed that it was 9.6% for vancomycin and 21.9% for metronidazole in a Russian coloproctology hospital. The obtained data confirm the need to monitor the spread of resistance among strains of C. difficile, the etiological factor of antibiotic-associated infection.