Analysis of the state of intestinal microbiota by PCR in inflammatory bowel diseases in children

Purpose - optimize the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), taking into account the bacterial diversity of the intestinal microbial flora in inflammatory bowel diseases. Materials and methods: The study analyzed the results of colonoflora of 243 patients hospitalized in 2021-2023 in the 1st pediatric department of the University Clinic of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution “PIMU” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation with confirmed UC (61.7%, n=150/243) and CD (38.3%, n=93/243). The diagnosis was established on the basis of generally accepted criteria in accordance with ECCO recommendations. Of these, 134 are boys (55.1%) and 109 are girls (44.9%). All children were divided into the following age groups, according to the WHO classification: 1-3 years old, 6 patients (2.5%), 3-7 years old - 25 patients (10.3%), boys 7-12 years old - 44 patients (18.1%), girls 7-11 years old - 25 patients (10.3%), boys 12-16 years old - 53 patients (21.8%), girls 11-15 years old - 40 (16.5%), boys 16-21 years old - 20 (8.2%), girls 15-20 years old - 30 (12.3%). The PCR method was used in the work, which allows using the Colonoflor-16 test system (manufacturer Alfalab company (St. Petersburg)) to quantify the state of the microbiocenosis of the large intestine in children and adults in real time. Results: In the course of the work, it was proved that inflammatory bowel diseases are directly related to changes in the composition of the microbiota, since in UC and CD, changes other than the normoflora of the colon were observed in 99% of cases. There were significant differences in the microbial landscape with different flow variants. In addition, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis have a number of differences between representatives of the microbiota of the colon. In ulcerative colitis, a decrease in lactobacilli is more often observed, p= 0.033. In Crohn’s disease, an increase in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (p=0.001) and an increase in Clostridium perfringens (p=0.026) were more often detected. Conclusion: Thus, when diagnosing ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, it is necessary to examine the microbiota and subsidize differentiated probiotic groups of bacteria during the follow-up period, since in 58%-70% of cases there was a decrease in lactobacilli. p=0.033.

microbiota, large intestine, IBD, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease

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