Влияние питания и эпигенетики на развитие нейродегенеративных заболеваний у людей пожилого и старческого возраста

В связи с ростом числа лиц пожилого и старческого возраста в мировой популяции отмечается увеличение распространенности нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Болезни Альцгеймера и Паркинсона, рассеянный склероз, боковой амиотрофический склероз - наиболее часто встречающиеся нозологии этой группы, в основе которых лежит поражение нейронов с последующей гибелью соответствующих отделов головного и спинного мозга. Для этих пациентов характерны нарастающий дефицит повседневной активности, снижение продуктивности когнитивных функций с развитием нуждаемости в постоянном и долгосрочном уходе, что связано с огромными экономическими и социальными издержками общества. В то же время, не существует эффективных программ профилактики и лечения данных заболеваний. В обзоре литературы авторы провели анализ работ, посвященных нейродегенеративным заболеваниям, роли питания, эпигенетики, как факторов профилактики и замедления прогрессирования процессов нейродегенерации.

нейродегенеративные заболевания, болезнь Альцгеймера, старческая астения, метаболизм, эпигенетика, генетика, кишечная микробиота, питание, старение

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