Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in chronic kidney disease in children
https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-245-1-127-135
Abstract
The article is a review devoted to the problem of gastrointestinal tract (GI) injuries in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The relevance of the topic is due to the high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms (from 43% to 82.6%), which increases progressively as kidney function decreases, reaching 70-80% at the terminal stage of CKD. Pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract in this category of patients have a multifactorial pathogenesis, the key ele-ments of which are uremic intoxication, a violation of the intestinal microbiome with a decrease in the production of short-chain fatty acids, a violation of the in-tegrity of the intestinal barrier and motor disorders. These mechanisms form a vi-cious circle of the bi-directional “gut-kidney” axis, exacerbating systemic in-flammation and the progression of the underlying disease. The review describes in detail the clinical manifestations, including lesions of all parts of the gastroin-testinal tract. The direct influence of gastrointestinal pathology on the develop-ment of protein-energy deficiency and growth retardation is emphasized, which is extremely important in pediatric practice. The principles of multidisciplinary pa-tient management based on early nutritional screening and targeted correction of disorders have been formulated. The conclusion is made about the need for a proactive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal pathology as an integral part of comprehensive care for children with CKD to improve the overall prognosis and quality of life.
About the Authors
T. M. Chizhienkova
Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (Razumovsky University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
O. V. Sidorovich
Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (Razumovsky University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. V. Khizhnyak
Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (Razumovsky University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
S. Yu. Elizarova
Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (Razumovsky University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yu. M. Spivakovsky
Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (Razumovsky University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Chizhienkova T.M., Sidorovich O.V., Khizhnyak A.V., Elizarova S.Yu., Spivakovsky Yu.M. Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in chronic kidney disease in children. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2026;(1):127-135. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-245-1-127-135
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