Factors influencing the formation of the intestinal microbiota of a newborn (literature review)

This review covers over five years of literature on the development of the intestinal microbiota of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This review involves multiple sources of microbial colonization: Vaginal microbiota: During natural childbirth, the infant passes through the mother’s birth canal, coming into contact with her vaginal flora. The maternal vaginal microbiota enriches the newborn’s gut with bacteria that form the basis of the future microbiota. Maternal intestinal microbiota: Recent studies have shown that the infant’s intestinal microbiota contains more bacteria from the mother’s intestinal microbiota than from the vagina. Breastfeeding: Breast milk contains a wide range of microorganisms, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are found in the mammary gland and are passed on to the infant through milk. It also contains prebiotics (e. g., oligosaccharides), which serve as food for beneficial bacteria. The state of somatic health of the mother and methods of delivery. Study Objective: To study factors influencing the development of intestinal microbiota in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes, depending on the type of delivery (cesarean section, vaginal delivery). Study Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted using the following library platforms: PubMed, eLIBRARY

microbiota, cesarean section, breast milk oligosaccharides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobaterium, Bacteroides

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