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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-245-1-109-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы, влияющие на формирование микробиоты кишечника новорожденного</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors influencing the formation of the intestinal microbiota of a newborn (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2298-7427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharitonova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1143-669X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папышева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Papysheva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-7124</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедикова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedikova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">olga.dedikova74@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-9059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорова</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorova</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-3231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маяцкая</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayatskaya</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6818-2066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-5290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучеря</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucherya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России; ГБУЗ Московской области «Серпуховская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Serpukhov Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области «Серпуховская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Serpukhov Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харитонова Л.А., Папышева О.В., Дедикова О.В., Сидорова И.Д., Маяцкая Т.А., Матвеева К.В., Кучеря Т.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харитонова Л.А., Папышева О.В., Дедикова О.В., Сидорова И.Д., Маяцкая Т.А., Матвеева К.В., Кучеря Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharitonova L.A., Papysheva O.V., Dedikova O.V., Sidorova I.D., Mayatskaya T.A., Matveeva K.V., Kucherya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3369">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3369</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор литературы с глубиной анализа более 5 лет, посвященный формированию микробиоты кишечника детей первого года жизни, рожденных от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом (ГСД), в котором принимают участие одновременно несколько источников заселения микроорганизмами: вагинальная микробиота: во время естественных родов ребенок проходит через родовые пути матери, контактируя с её вагинальной флорой. Материнская вагинальная микробиота обогащает кишечник новорожденного бактериями, которые и формируют основу будущей микробиоты. Кишечная микробиота матери. Последние исследования показали, что в кишечной микробиоте младенца обнаруживается больше бактерий из кишечной микробиоты матери, чем из влагалища. Грудное вскармливание: грудное молоко содержит широкий спектр микроорганизмов, таких как Bifidobacterium и Lactobacillus, которые входят в состав молочной железы и поступают в организм ребенка вместе с молоком. Оно также содержит пребиотики (например, олигосахариды), служащие пищей для полезных бактерий. Состояние соматического здоровья матери и способы родоразрешения. Цель исследования: изучить факторы, влияющие на становление микробиоты кишечника у детей первого года жизни, рожденных от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом в зависимости от вида родоразрешения (кесарево сечение, физиологические роды). Материал и методы исследования: поиск источников литературы проводился с использованием библиотечных платформ: PubMed, eLIBRARY.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review covers over five years of literature on the development of the intestinal microbiota of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This review involves multiple sources of microbial colonization: Vaginal microbiota: During natural childbirth, the infant passes through the mother’s birth canal, coming into contact with her vaginal flora. The maternal vaginal microbiota enriches the newborn’s gut with bacteria that form the basis of the future microbiota. Maternal intestinal microbiota: Recent studies have shown that the infant’s intestinal microbiota contains more bacteria from the mother’s intestinal microbiota than from the vagina. Breastfeeding: Breast milk contains a wide range of microorganisms, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are found in the mammary gland and are passed on to the infant through milk. It also contains prebiotics (e. g., oligosaccharides), which serve as food for beneficial bacteria. The state of somatic health of the mother and methods of delivery. Study Objective: To study factors influencing the development of intestinal microbiota in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes, depending on the type of delivery (cesarean section, vaginal delivery). Study Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted using the following library platforms: PubMed, eLIBRARY</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>олигосахариды грудного молока</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus</kwd><kwd>Bifidobaterium</kwd><kwd>Bacteroides</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>cesarean section</kwd><kwd>breast milk oligosaccharides</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus</kwd><kwd>Bifidobaterium</kwd><kwd>Bacteroides</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang H., Li H., Zhang R., Ji L., Chen J., Nie C., Huang W. Alterations of the paired maternal vaginal microbiome and neonatal meconium microbiome in vulvovaginal candidiasis positive pregnant women. 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Новиковой, М.М. Гуровой, А.И. Хавкина, издательство «ГЭОТАР-Медиа», 2024 год, 344 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gut microbiota as a regulator of human organ and system function. A guide for physicians, edited by V.P. Novikova, M.M. Gurova, and A.I. Khavkin, GEOTAR-Media Publishing House, 2024, 344 pages. (in Russ.)@@ Кишечная микробиота как регулятор работы органов и систем человека. Руководство для врачей, под ред. В.П. Новиковой, М.М. Гуровой, А.И. Хавкина, издательство «ГЭОТАР-Медиа», 2024 год, 344 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
