Expression of motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the mucosa of the sigmoid colon in patients with diverticular disease of the large intestine and irritable bowel syndrome

Purpose of the study. To determine the level of expression of motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the mucosa of the sigmoid colon in patients with diverticular disease (DD) of the colon and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Material and methods. 120 people were examined: 85 patients with DD and 35 with IBS. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1-40 patients with symptomatically uncomplicated DD (SUDD); group 2-45 people with an asymptomatic form of DD; the 3rd group of patients was represented by persons with IBS with constipation (IBSc). The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy people. All patients and healthy people were examined according to a single program, including clinical data, laboratory (general blood count with leukocyte formula, C-reactive protein), instrumental (colonoscopy, ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) data. Primary antibodies to motilin and VIP were used to verify hormone expression. Results. The clinical picture in individuals with SUDD corresponded to the classical manifestations of IBS with the incidence of constipation in 87.5% and diarrhea in 12.5% of patients. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant decrease in the expression level of motilin and VIP in patients in this group of patients. The group with SUDD was statistically indistinguishable from the group with IBSc (p > 0.05), however, it was statistically significantly different from the group with asymptomatic DD (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the important role of the expression of motilin and VIP in the manifestation of the clinical manifestations of DD and IBS and give reason to assume that these hormones are involved not only in motor-evacuation disorders, but also in proliferative processes in the colon mucosa, which, possibly, initiate destructive processes, accompanied by the formation of diverticula.

symptomatically uncomplicated diverticular colonic disease, irritable bowel syndrome, motilin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, IBS-like syndrome

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