The role of MRI in identifying extramural vascular invasion as an indicator of the presence of regional and distant metastases of low rectal cancer

Abstract

Rectal cancer occupies one of the leading places in the structure of mortality in both sexes, with the only radical method of treatment is surgery. For the planning of surgical treatment, it is important to assess the metastatic lesion of the locoregional lymph nodes, the presence of extramural lymphovascular invasion, which is an important predictor of recurrence of the disease, as well as an indicator of the early appearance of distant metastases. The effectiveness and reliability of preoperative staging of the low rectal cancer has increased significantly after the introduction into clinical practice of magnetic resonance imaging, as well as a comprehensive preoperative radiation examination of patients. The article is devoted to the problems of preoperative staging and determination of statistically significant relationships between the presence of extramural vascular invasion in cancer of the low rectal cancer and the presence of distant metastases, the identification of the correlation between T and N - stages of the tumor, their morphological types with diagnosed extramural vascular invasion.