Features of nutritional status and asthenic syndrome in children after COVID-19 infection
https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-245-1-51-61
Abstract
The occurrence of asthenic syndrome (AS) with changes in nutritional status is possible after coronavirus infection. Objective. To assess the features of nutritional status and asthenic syndrome in children after COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. A total of 177 children aged from 6 to 17 years examined: 147 (83.1%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2 (group 1); 30 (16.9%) had rhinovirus infection (group 2). Parameters of physical development and the occurrence of AS 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after the disease in both groups were assessed. Results. Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders occur starting from the 12 month after COVID-19 infection. AS develop from the first days of the disease (96.6%) and persist for 3 years after COVID-19 illness (60.4%). Age (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.56-0.98) and height (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99) are factors, that influence the development of AS the 1st month after, height - the 12 month after COVID-19 exposure (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99) [p < 0.05]. The severity of AS is influenced by perinatal factors. Initially preterm infants experienced more severe asthenia, than full-term infants [88 (79; 93) and 78 (64; 90) points; p=0.036]; but at the end of the 3rd year value decreases by 2 times - [44.5 (39; 53) and 53 (48; 61) points, respectively; p=0.028]. Prematurity is a protective factor against AS at the end of the 3rd year after coronavirus infection (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06-1.00; p=0.049). Conclusion. Asthenic syndrome and changes in nutritional status after coronavirus infection are related, require timely detection and adequate correction.
About the Author
S. N. Novoselova
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Rospotrebnadzor. On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2023: State report [Electronic resource]. 2025. p. 364. (in Russ.) Available at: https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/upload/iblock/fbc/sd3prfszlc9c2r4xbmsb7o3us38nrvpk/Gosudarstvennyy-doklad-_O-sostoyanii-sanitarno_epidemiologicheskogo-blagopoluchiya-naseleniya-v-Rossiyskoy-Federatsii-v-2023-godu_.pdf (Accessed: 07/17/2025).@@ Роспотребнадзор. О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2023 году: Государственный доклад [Электронный ресурс]. 2025. с. 364. Доступно: https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/upload/iblock/fbc/sd3prfszlc9c2r4xbmsb7o3us38nrvpk/Gosudarstvennyy-doklad-_O-sostoyanii-sanitarno_epidemiologicheskogo-blagopoluchiya-naseleniya-v-Rossiyskoy-Federatsii-v-2023-godu_.pdf (дата обращения: 17.07.2025).
2. Chan J.F., Yuan S., Kok K.H. et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):514-523. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9.
3. Marks K.J., Whitaker M., Anglin O. et al.; COVID-NET Surveillance Team. Hospitalizations of Children and Adolescents with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 - COVID-NET, 14 States, July 2021-January 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Feb 18;71(7):271-278. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7107e4.
4. Gorelov A.V., Nikolaeva S.V., Akimkin V.G. New coronavirus infection COVID-19: features of the course in children in the Russian Federation. Pediatria n. a. G.N. Speransky. 2020; 99 (6): 57-62. (in Russ.). doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2020-99-6-57-62.@@ Горелов А.В., Николаева С.В., Акимкин В.Г. Новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19: особенности течения у детей в Российской Федерации. Педиатрия им Г.Н. Сперанского. 2020;99(6):57-62. doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2020-99-6-57-62.
5. Tsarkova S.A., Zaytseva O.V., Lokshina E.E., Zaytseva S.V., Isaeva E.P., Murtazaeva O.A. et al. Post-COVID syndrome in children: the results of a retrospective multicenter cross-sectional study. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:55-63. (in Russ.) doi: 10.26442/26586630.2024.1.202688.@@ Царькова С.А., Зайцева О.В., Локшина Э.Э., Зайцева С.В., Исаева Е.П., Муртазаева О.А. и др. Постковидный синдром у детей: результаты ретроспективного мультицентрового одномоментного исследования. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2024;(1):55-63. doi: 10.26442/26586630.2024.1.202688.
6. WHO. Post-Covid syndrome (long-term consequences of previous coronavirus infection COVID-19) [Electronic resource]. 2025. (in Russ.) Available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/post-covid-19-condition-(long-covid) (Accessed: 07/17/2025)@@ ВОЗ. Постковидный синдром (долгосрочные последствия перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19) [Электронный ресурс]. 2025. Доступно: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/post-covid-19-condition-(long-covid) (дата обращения: 17.07.2025)
7. Ploskireva A.A., Gorelov A.V., Latyshev A.N., Omarova H.G., Musika A.D. Post-COVID Syndrome: the Classification of Clinical Forms. Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2024;79(5):416-423. (in Russ.) doi: 10.15690/vramn15995.@@ Плоскирева А.А., Горелов А.В., Летюшев А.Н., Омарова Х.Г., Музыка А.Д. Постковидный синдром: классификация клинических форм. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2024;79(5):416-423. doi: 10.15690/vramn15995.
8. WHO. A clinical case definition for post COVID-19 condition in children and adolescents by expert consensus [Electronic resource]. 2023. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-Post-COVID-19-condition-CA-Clinical-case-definition-2023-1 (Accessed: 07/17/2025)
9. Setiabudi D., Azhali B.A., Tirtosudiro M.A., Ramadhan M.H., Rinaldhi M, Nataprawira H.M. Long COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in Children and Adolescents. Clin Med Res. 2024;22(3):131-137. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2024.1858.
10. New coronavirus infection in children: a guide for doctors / edited by I.M. Osmanov, L.N. Mazankova, I.N. Zakharova. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2023. 344 p. (in Russ.)@@ Новая коронавирусная инфекция у детей: руководство для врачей / под ред. И.М. Османова, Л.Н. Мазанковой, И.Н. Захаровой. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2023. 344 с.
11. Degtyareva E.A., Gorelov A.V., Simonovskaya H.Yu., Isaeva E.P., Kufa M.A., Kantemirova M.G. et al. Cardiac and vegetative manifestations of long-COVID in children. Vopr. prakt. pediatr. (Clinical Practice in Pediatrics). 2022; 17(5): 75-82. (in Russ.) doi: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-5-75-82.@@ Дегтярёва Е.А., Горелов А.В., Симоновская Х.Ю., Исаева Е.П., Куфа М.А., Кантемирова М.Г. и др. Кардиальные и вегетативные проявления long-COVID у детей. Вопросы практической педиатрии. 2022;17(5):75-82. doi: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-5-75-82.
12. Kremplevskaya S.P., Barykin V.I., Melekhina E.V. Nutritional status in children hospitalized in the Khimki Regional Clinical Hospital with community-acquired pneumonia. Journal of Infectology. 2022;14(4 S1):47. (in Russ.)@@ Кремплевская С.П., Барыкин В.И., Мелехина Е.В. Нутритивный статус у детей, госпитализированных в ГАУЗ МО Химкинскую ОБ с внебольничной пневмонией. Журнал инфектологии. 2022;14(4 S1):47.
13. Kremplevskaya S.P., Muzyka А.D., Melekhina Е.V., Gorelov A.V. Nutritional support in children with community-acquired pneumonia. Vopr. prakt. pediatr. (Clinical Practice in Pediatrics). 2024; 19(2): 92-103. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20953/1817-7646-2024-2-92-103.@@ Кремплевская С.П., Музыка А.Д., Мелехина Е.В., Горелов А.В. Нутритивная поддержка у детей с внебольничными пневмониями. Вопросы практической педиатрии. 2024;19(2):92-103. doi: 10.20953/1817-7646-2024-2-92-103.
14. Vladimirova Yu.V., Mazur L.I., Zhirnov V.A., Durasova T.N. COVID-19 and obesity in children, or what distance learning leads to. Medical & pharmaceutical journal “Pulse”. 2023;25(6):43-47. (In Russ.) doi: 10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2023-25-6-43-47.@@ Владимирова Ю.В., Мазур Л.И., Жирнов В.А., Дурасова Т.Н. COVID-19 и ожирение у детей, или к чему приводит дистанционное обучение. Медико-фармацевтический журнал «Пульс». 2023;25(6):43-47. doi: 10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2023-25-6-43-47.
15. Stepanova N., Korol L., Ostapenko T. et al. Pre-Infection Nutritional Status, Oxidative Stress, and One-Year-Long COVID Persistence in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Pract. 2024;14(3):892-905. doi: 2039-7283/14/3/70.
16. Toepfner N., Brinkmann F., Augustin S., Stojanov S., Behrends U. Long COVID in pediatrics - epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Eur J Pediatr. 2024;183(4):1543-1553. doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05360-y.
17. Isaeva E.P., Zaytseva O.V., Lokshina E.E. et al. The effect of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the level of anxiety in children. Pediatrician’s Practice. 2023;1:39-44. (In Russ.)@@ Исаева Е.П., Зайцева О.В., Локшина Э.Э., Зайцева С.В., Муртазаева О.А., Сирота Н.А. и др. Влияние новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) на уровень тревожности у детей. Практика педиатра. 2023;1:39-44.
18. Osmanov I.M., Spiridonova E., Bobkova P., Gamirova A., Shikhaleva A., Andreeva M. et al. Risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition in previously hospitalised children using the ISARIC Global follow-up protocol: a prospective cohort study. Eur Respir J. 2022;59(2):2101341. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01341-2021.
19. Baimukhambetova D.V., Gorina A.O., Rumyantsev M.A., Shikhaleva A.A., El-Taravi Y.A., Bondarenko E.D. et al. Post-COVID condition in adults and children. Pul’monologiya. 2021;31(5):562-570. (in Russ.). doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-562-570.@@ Баймухамбетова Д.В., Горина А.О., Румянцев М.А., Шихалева А.А., Эль-Тарави Я.А., Бондаренко Е.Д. и др. Постковидное состояние у взрослых и детей. Пульмонология. 2021;31(5):562-570. doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-562-570.
20. Zakharova I.N., Tvorogova T.M., Pshenichnikova I.I., Sgibneva A.I. Asthenic syndrome in schoolchildren: from the risk of development to diagnosis and treatment. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2021; 1: 76-83. (in Russ.) doi: 10.26442/26586630.2021.1.200713.@@ Захарова И.Н., Творогова Т.М., Пшеничникова И.И., Сгибнева А.И. Астенический синдром у школьников: от риска развития до диагностики и лечения. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2021; 1: 76-83. doi: 10.26442/26586630.2021.1.200713.
21. Gorbunov S.G., Bitsueva A.V., Cheburkin A.A., Odinayeva N.D. COVID-19 and obesity in children: clinical and diagnostic parallels. Journal Infectology. 2024;16(2):28-36. (In Russ.) doi: 10.22625/2072-6732-2024-16-2-28-36.@@ Горбунов С.Г., Бицуева А.В., Чебуркин А.А., Одинаева Н.Д. COVID-19 и ожирение у детей: клинико-диагностические параллели. Журнал инфектологии. 2024;16(2):28-36. doi: 10.22625/2072-6732-2024-16-2-28-36.
22. Shchederkina I.O., Ovsyannikov D. Yu., Glazyrina A.A. et al. Asthenic syndrome in children and adolescents: choice of therapy. Nervous diseases. 2021;(2):20-8. (In Russ.) doi: 10.24412/2226-0757-2021-12322.@@ Щедеркина И.О., Овсянников Д.Ю., Глазырина А.А. и др. Астенический синдром у детей и подростков: выбор терапии. Нервные болезни. 2021;(2):20-8. doi: 10.24412/2226-0757-2021-12322.
23. Bogariu A.M., Dumitrascu D.L. Digestive involvement in the Long-COVID syndrome. Med Pharm Rep. 2022 Jan;95(1):5-10. doi: 10.15386/mpr-2340.
24. Ludvigsson J.F. Case report and systematic review suggest that children may experience similar long-term effects to adults after clinical COVID-19. Acta Paediatr. 2021;110(3):914-921. doi: 10.1111/apa.15673.
25. Balykova L.A., Shirmankina M.V., Vladimirov D.O. Post-COVID syndrome in children and adolescents: a literature review and clinical case.Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):366-372 (in Russ.) doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-366-372.@@ Балыкова Л.А., Ширманкина М.В., Владимиров Д.О., Науменко Е.И., Самошкина Е.С., Чернышова Р.А. Постковидный синдром у детей и подростков: обзор литературы и описание клинического наблюдения. РМЖ. Мать и дитя. 2022;5(4):366-372. doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-366-372.
26. Katunova V.V. Biological prerequisites for cognitive disorders in early childhood and methods for their detection. Medical almanac. 2018;56(5):158-64. (in Russ.)@@ Катунова В.В. Биологические предпосылки когнитивных расстройств в раннем детском возрасте и методы их выявления. Медицинский альманах. 2018;56(5):158-64.
27. Nizovtseva O.A. Asthenic syndrome in children. Trudnyj Pacient (Difficult Patient). 2022; 20 (1): 39-43. (In Russ.) doi: 10.224412/2074-1005-2022-1-39-43.@@ Низовцева О.А. Астенический синдром у детей. Трудный пациент. 2022;20(1):39-43. doi: 10.224412/2074-1005-2022-1-39-43.
28. Prikazchikov S.V., Generalov V.O., Sadykov T.R., Mamedov L.A. Neurological complications of COVID-19: review of literature and own experience. Problemi socialnoi gigieni, zdravookhranenia i istorii meditsini. 2021;29(Special Issue):1304-1310 (In Russ.) doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-s2-1304-1310.@@ Приказчиков С.В., Генералов В.О., Садыков Т.Р., Мамедов Л.А. Неврологические осложнения COVID-19: обзор литературы и собственный опыт. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2021;29 (спецвыпуск):1304-1310. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2020-29-s2-1304-1310.
Review
For citations:
Novoselova S.N. Features of nutritional status and asthenic syndrome in children after COVID-19 infection. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2026;(1):51-61. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-245-1-51-61
Views:
78
JATS XML
Email this article 
