Ранняя диагностика хронического панкреатита: современное состояние проблемы

В последнее время термин «ранний хронический панкреатит» получает все большее признание. Разрозненные литературные источники освещают вопросы патогенеза, диагностики и терапевтических подходов к ранним стадиям хронического панкреатита до того, как изменения в ткани поджелудочной железы станут необратимыми. Последнее может помочь избежать развития осложнений и улучшить прогноз заболевания. Отчетливо видна тенденция в переходе от поиска методов визуализации в диагностике хронического панкреатита к поиску биомаркеров, которые позволят диагностировать заболевание на стадии функциональных нарушений поджелудочной железы с минимальными и обратимыми изменениями в ее ткани. В свою очередь данные об инициации заболевания измененным биототканевым комплексом желудочно-кишечного тракта находят все больше подтверждений. Дисбиотический провоспалительный состав микробиоты запускает континуум событий, приводящий к развитию хронического панкреатита, путем повышения проницаемости слизистой оболочки желудочно-кишечного тракта, развития эндотоксинемии, локального и системного воспаления. Таким образом следует ожидать, что состав кишечной микробиоты, оценка цитокинового профиля, определение выраженности активации иммунных клеток могут стать ранними диагностическими маркерами хронического панкреатита.

ранний хронический панкреатит, диагностика раннего хронического панкреатита, микробиота желудочно-кишечного тракта

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