Нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты и микробиота кишечника: потенциальные механизмы взаимодействия

Лекарственные препараты, особенно принимаемые перорально, неизбежно контактируют с микроорганизмами, населяющими желудочно-кишечный тракт (ЖКТ). Кишечная микробиота может производить ферменты с различной каталитической активностью и, таким образом, влиять на биологическую активность, биодоступность и токсичность нескольких природных или синтетических веществ, в том числе лекарственных средств, а также биотрансформировать препараты в другие химические формы или метаболиты, которые могут изменять эффективность или токсичность исходного действующего вещества. Также кишечная микробиота может косвенно влиять на эффективность и токсичность лекарств, изменяя способность организма к метаболизму или процессы, происходящие в организме (влияя на функцию печени, изменяя экспрессию печеночных ферментов или метаболических генов, вмешиваясь в процессы детоксикации). С другой стороны, лекарственные препараты как ксенобиотики могут оказывать негативное влияние на микроорганизмы ЖКТ, что может способствовать развитию побочных эффектов со стороны пищеварительной системы. В статье рассматриваются возможные варианты взаимодействия кишечной микробиоты и нестероидных противововоспалительных препаратов.

микробиота, микробиом, нестероидные противововоспалительные препараты, дисбиоз

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