Celiacia and comorbid pathology in the practice of pediatric gastroenterologist

Purpose of the study. To attract the attention of gastroenterologists and doctors of other specialties to the problem of the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease in combination with comorbid pathology. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted on the topic of comorbid pathology most often associated with celiac disease. Results of the study. The literature review presents celiac disease as a systemic autoimmune disease. The frequent combination of celiac disease with other autoimmune diseases is due to common pathogenetic mechanisms. These include genetic predisposition involving common genes, intestinal barrier integrity disorders leading to increased permeability, and other factors that have not yet been fully studied. The review pays special attention to the most common associations of celiac disease with autoimmune thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and obesity. It is noted that a strict gluten-free diet is a prerequisite for improving the condition of patients with celiac disease, regardless of the presence of other autoimmune diseases. Conclusion. Today, it is well known that the course of diseases associated with wheat protein intolerance is characterized by a diverse clinical picture, which makes the diagnosis of diseases more labor-intensive. One of the important medical and social aspects in the study of “gluten-dependent conditions” is that they are often combined with autoimmune diseases (diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.), which certainly leads to a decrease in the patient’s quality of life, up to disability. A direct correlation has been revealed between early diagnosis of wheat protein intolerance and comorbid conditions and timely adequate pathogenetic therapy, which ensures the prevention of the development of oncological diseases (lymphoma, carcinoma, etc.), and also helps compensate for concomitant comorbid pathology, which undoubtedly improves the quality of life of patients and reduces the economic costs of their treatment.

celiac disease, autoimmune disease, comorbid pathology, gluten-free diet, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, obesity

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