Ferritin as a biomarker of multiple organ pathology: anti-inflammatory and antioxidant peptides of standardized human placenta hydrolysate

Despite its name, ferritin is not exclusively a biomarker of iron homeostasis. For example, ferritin is a biomarker of inflammation accompanying pathological changes in various tissues and organs. Therefore, to assess the state of iron homeostasis, the ferritin level can only be used in combination with other blood test indicators (hemoglobin, transferrin, iron, hepcidin, etc.). The results of systematization of an array of 34,266 publications on ferritin using topological data analysis methods showed that, depending on the pathology, ferritin levels in the blood serum can change by 4 orders of magnitude: from 10-20 ng / ml for iron deficiency anemia to 100,000 ng / ml in some cases of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Each pathology is characterized by specific ranges of diagnostic values of ferritin levels. In particular, in the model of multiple organ pathology (liver, kidney, brain and myocardial damage with iron overload), ferritin levels increased by +53±12 ng/ml (up to 254 ng/ml, P<0.0001) with a threshold value for hyperferritinemia of only 229 ng/ml. At the same time, for leukemia, blood transfusions, COVID-19 and other viral infections, the threshold values of ferritin are 500-1000 ng/ml, and for macrophage activation syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and blood clotting disorders - 1000-6000 ng/ml. Standardized human placenta hydrolysate can eliminate hyperferritinemia, inhibit the development of hemosiderosis of various tissues and counteract the development of multiple organ pathology.

hemosiderosis, hyperferritinemia, diagnostic biomarkers, steatohepatitis, Laennec

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