Effects of therapeutic factors on brown adipose tissue in order to correct obesity

Adipose tissue has morphological heterogeneity. Currently, five types of fat cells are known: white, beige, brown, yellow and pink adipocytes. In the future, we will consider white, beige and brown adipocytes. The main pathological role in the development of obesity and a number of other metabolic diseases is played by white adipose tissue. The function of energy storage in white adipocytes is well known. However, in pathological conditions, the mass of white fat can increase significantly, amounting to more than 70% of the total body weight. In addition, white adipocytes are prone to inflammation and pathological production of biologically active substances - adipokines. Many adipokines negatively affect musculoskeletal and bone tissues, exacerbate systemic chronic inflammation and the severity of polymorbid pathology. At the same time, brown adipose tissue, due to its pronounced ability to heat production (thermogenesis), has protective properties. Activation of brown adipose tissue and stimulation of the transformation of white adipocytes into brown ones (the so-called “browning”) with the help of physical activity, medications and dietary supplements seems promising. These methods can be successfully used to combat overweight and obesity. In addition, modern advances in genetics and transplantology allow us to hope for the future use of brown adipocyte transplantation in patients who suffer from severe obesity. Research on the interrelationships of adipose tissue, muscles, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine and other body systems continue. Undoubtedly, there are many interesting scientific discoveries to be made in medical science.

adipose tissue, types of adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, beige adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, obesity, adaptation, cold, thermogenesis, UCP1, metabolism

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