Algorithm of rapid diagnosis of chronic autoimmune hepatitis by saliva by the method of monochrome analysis of nanoparticles

Сhronic autoimmune hepatitis is an urgent problem of modern medicine due to the widespread prevalence among all autoimmune diseases (more than 25%) and the difficulty of its diagnosis due to the lack of reliable serological tests for its detection. The purpose of this work was to study the possibility of the method of monochrome analysis of nanoparticles in noninvasive detection of AIG and to develop an algorithm for rapid diagnosis of chronic autoimmune hepatitis by saliva. The goal was solved by performing a number of tasks: the development of a diagnostic algorithm for monochrome analysis of nanoparticles to determine the severity and pathophysiological orientation of homeostatic shifts in patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic autoimmune hepatitis using samples of oropharyngeal flushes (saliva), as well as the calculation of diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the test. Materials and methods: The studies were conducted at the Center for European and Oriental Medicine from 2019 to 2022, and 14 patients with a verified diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis were examined. It was found that the most typical saliva spectra of patients with autoimmune liver damage were characterized by three-modality and predominance of light scattering on particles of super-large diameter (over 1000 nm) and a significant increase in the contribution to light scattering of nanoparticles of small and medium hydrodynamic size, which was statistically significant (p<0.001) when conducting a comparative analysis with the saliva spectra of practically healthy individuals and patients with general somatic liver diseases of non-autoimmune genesis. The indicators of diagnostic sensitivity for autoimmune hepatitis were 95%, diagnostic specificity - 93%. Conclusions: the results of the conducted scientific research were the developed algorithm for the use of laser spectroscopy of saliva for noninvasive rapid diagnosis of chronic autoimmune hepatitis, when with a timely diagnosis, therapeutic measures will be maximally effective and aimed at preventing complications and systemic manifestations of the disease, and the calculation of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the method of monochrome analysis of nanoparticles.

chronic autoimmune hepatitis, rapid diagnostic algorithm, sensitivity and specificity of the test, saliva, monochrome analysis of nanoparticles

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