Саркопеническое ожирение и нарушения метаболизма при старении

Саркопеническое ожирение - сосуществование избыточного накопления жировой ткани и низкой мышечной массы и/или функции. Наблюдается жировая инфильтрация скелетной мускулатуры - миостеатоз, а также избыточное накопление преимущественно висцерального жира. Ожирение может независимо привести к потере мышечной массы и функции из-за негативного воздействия метаболических нарушений, зависящих от жировой ткани, таких как окислительный стресс, воспаление и резистентность к инсулину, все из которых негативно влияют на мышечную массу. Кроме того, люди с ожирением имеют высокую распространенность хронических неинфекционных заболеваний, которые негативно влияют на мышечный метаболизм (как анаболизм, так и катаболизм). Старение сопровождается нарушением обмена веществ на системном уровне, хроническим воспалением, митохондриальной дисфункцией, инсулинорезистентностью. Возраст сам по себе является немодифицируемым фактором риска многих патологических состояний и заболеваний, в том числе саркопенического ожирения. Представляет интерес изучение патофизиологических механизмов развития саркопенического ожирения и разработка возможных лечебных стратегий, направленных на улучшение системного метаболизма.

саркопеническое ожирение, геронтология, гиподинамия, переедание, низкая мышечная масса, митохондриальная дисфункция, висцеральная жировая ткань, полиморбидность

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