The Role Of High Resolution Esophageal Manometry In The Diagnosis Of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Abstract

Aim. To make a review of the usefulness of the high resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease in accordance with the international consensus. Key points. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a multifactorial disease that may be caused by anatomical defects (hiatal hernia), impaired esophageal motility (ineffective esophageal motility, fragmented peristalsis, lack of contractility), and abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) (decrease of the LES basal and increase in the number of transient LES relaxation), and stomach (delayed gastric emptying). The role of HRM in the diagnosis of GERD had widely been studied and the data were summarized in several consensus documents. They cover wide spectrum of the matters including indications for the methods in functional esophageal disorders (pH-impedance and esophageal manometry), the algorithm of patients’ examination, data interpretation and their implication to clinical practice. Conclusion. High-resolution esophageal manometry plays crucial role in the evaluation of esophageal motility. In GERD, this method allows to reveal predisposing factors and choose optimal treatment.