nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»nogr-596Research ArticleЛЕКЦИЯLECTIONХРОНИЧЕСКОЕ ВОСПАЛЕНИЕ ОРГАНОВ ЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОГО ТРАКТА И КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗ. БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИCHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND CARCINOGENESIS. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RELATIONSHIPСарибекянЭ. К.SaribekyanE. K.mammolog3@yandex.ruЗубовскаяА. Г.ZubovskaiaA. G.noemail@neicon.ruШкурниковМ. Ю.ShkurnikovM. Yu.noemail@neicon.ruМосковский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский радиологический центр» Минздрава России (МНИОИ им. П. А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «НМИРЦ» Минздрава России)РоссияMoscow research cancer Institute. P. A. Herzen-branch of the national medical research radiological center of the Ministry of health of RussiaRussian FederationМосковский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский радиологический центр» Минздрава России (МНИОИ им. П. А. Герцена-филиал ФГБУ «НМИРЦ» Минздрава России)РоссияMoscow research cancer Institute. P. A. Herzen-branch of the national medical research radiological center of the Ministry of health of RussiaRussian Federation201820042018047682Copyright © Сарибекян Э.К., Зубовская А.Г., Шкурников М.Ю., 20182018Сарибекян Э.К., Зубовская А.Г., Шкурников М.Ю.Saribekyan E.K., Zubovskaia A.G., Shkurnikov M.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/596

В современной медицинской литературе достаточно широко представлены материалы, иллюстрирующие связь хронического воспаления с развитием злокачественных опухолей. Воспалительный компонент играет значительную роль как на стадии предопухолевых изменений (гиперплазия, атрофия, дистрофия и др.), так и на стадии формирования злокачественной опухоли, ее инвазии в окружающие ткани, прогрессирования и метастазирования. Доказано, что хроническое воспаление оказывает также непосредственное воздействие на компоненты иммунной защиты, нарушение которой способствует прогрессированию опухолевого процесса. Кроме вышеуказанных процессов, воспаление оказывает воздействие на изменения генов и генома, способствуя накоплению проканцерогенных мутаций, созданию благоприятствующей канцерогенезу микросреды и повышая резистентность к противоопухолевому лечению. Синергичное действие вышеуказанных факторов приводит к образованию опухолей различных локализаций. Цель - проанализировать значение отдельных факторов, участвующих одновременно в процессах хронического воспаления и канцерогенеза и оценить взаимосвязь между этими факторами при развитии опухолей различных локализаций. Наибольшее значение имеет понимание данных процессов в гастроэнтерологии, в связи с распространенностью хронических воспалительных процессов ЖКТ (язвенной болезни, неспецифического язвенного колита, болезни Крона). Понимание молекулярно-клеточных механизмов воспаления может служить основой для дальнейших исследований в области диагностики, терапии и профилактики злокачественных новообразований органов желудочно-кишечного тракта.

The interplay between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis has been widely discussed. Chronic inflammation induces premalignant changes in tissues (tissue metaplasia, atrophic changes, etc.) and promotes local tumor invasion, metastatic spread and tumor progression. Chronic inflammation can also induce changes of the DNA, promoting accumulation of pro-oncogenic mutations, which results in development of specific tumor environment as well as selection of chemo- and radioresistant tumor cells. Suppression of innate and acquired immunity caused by chronic inflammation also promotes tissue changes, increasing the likelihood of tumor development. The synergistic action of all above mentioned factors is implicated in development of multiple malignant neoplasms in a variety of organs. In this article the intricate interplay between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis in various organs and organ systems is discussed. The understanding of these processes is of greatest importance, especially in gastroenterology, caused by relative prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases and peptic ulcer disease. Further understanding of these processes can help further improve the diagnostic and treatment approaches to malignant tumors, as well as prevention of inflammation-induced tumor progression.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.