<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-240-8-214-218</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3442</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История открытия печеночной дольки. К 175-летию со дня рождения Фрэнсиса Кирнана (1800-1874)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History of the discovery of hepatic lobule. On the 175th anniversary of the birth of Francis Kiernan (1800-1874)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6572-2387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоминых</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fominykh</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-4644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутя</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutia</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sergei_kutya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-3360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0288-9259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кордовская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kordovskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-4975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvereva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет им. В. И. Вернадского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>218</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фоминых Т.А., Кутя С.А., Захарова А.Н., Кордовская Е.А., Зверева Е.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фоминых Т.А., Кутя С.А., Захарова А.Н., Кордовская Е.А., Зверева Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fominykh T.A., Kutia S.A., Zakharova A.N., Kordovskaya E.A., Zvereva E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3442">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3442</self-uri><abstract><p>Фрэнсис Кирнан (1800-1874) - выдающийся ирландский анатом и врач. Он наиболее известен своим подробным трудом по анатомии печени, за который он получил медаль Копли от Королевского общества в 1836 г. Кирнан также успешно основал частный курс анатомии в Лондоне, зарекомендовав себя великолепным лектором и преподавателем, однако из-за этого впоследствии столкнулся с сопротивлением со стороны руководства Королевского колледжа хирургов. В 1836 г. Ф. Кирнан стал одним из основателей Сената Лондонского университета и на протяжении ряда лет был экзаменатором по анатомии и физиологии. Он также был членом Королевского колледжа хирургов. Его работа «Анатомия и физиология печени» была издана в 1833 г. и включала в себя подробные анатомические описания структур печени с детальными иллюстрациями. Исследования печени, проведенные Кирнаном, внесли ясность в проблемные аспекты морфологии печени и явились трамплином для дальнейшего изучения этого органа последующими поколениями ученых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Francis Kiernan (1800-1874) was an eminent Irish anatomist and physician. He is best known for his detailed work on the anatomy of the liver, for which he received the Copley Medal from the Royal Society in 1836. Kiernan also successfully founded a private course in anatomy in London, establishing himself as an excellent lecturer and teacher, but this later led to resistance from the authorities of the Royal College of Surgeons. In 1836, F. Kiernan was one of the founders of the Senate of the University of London and for several years served as an examiner in anatomy and physiology. He was also a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. His work “The Anatomy and Physiology of the Liver” was published in 1833 and included detailed anatomical descriptions of the structures of the liver with detailed illustrations. Kiernan's studies of the liver brought clarity to problematic aspects of liver morphology and served as a springboard for further study of this organ by subsequent generations of scientists.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>Фрэнсис Кирнан</kwd><kwd>морфология печени</kwd><kwd>печеночная долька</kwd><kwd>Лондонский университет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>Francis Kiernan</kwd><kwd>liver morphology</kwd><kwd>hepatic lobule</kwd><kwd>University of London</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Francis Kiernan, F.R.S. British Medical Journal. 1875;1(731):31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Francis Kiernan, F.R.S. British Medical Journal. 1875;1(731):31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">İnce R., Sevmez F., Çalışır E. S., Doğu S., Beger O. Francis Kiernan (1800-1874) and his unique contribution to liver anatomy. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2021;43:1403-1404.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">İnce R., Sevmez F., Çalışır E. S., Doğu S., Beger O. Francis Kiernan (1800-1874) and his unique contribution to liver anatomy. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2021;43:1403-1404.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kiernan F. A Practical Treatise and Observations on the Nature, Variety, &amp; Treatment, of the Venereal Disease, in Its Primary Operation &amp; Consequences: With Particular Remarks on Strictures of the Urethra, Pointing out a New and Peculiar Method of Cure, Attended with Safety, Speed, and Secrecy. London: Ballintine &amp; Byworth,1811.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiernan F. A Practical Treatise and Observations on the Nature, Variety, &amp; Treatment, of the Venereal Disease, in Its Primary Operation &amp; Consequences: With Particular Remarks on Strictures of the Urethra, Pointing out a New and Peculiar Method of Cure, Attended with Safety, Speed, and Secrecy. London: Ballintine &amp; Byworth,1811.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osis F. The venereal poison: a historic and genetic analysis of categories of sexually transmitted diseases, 1718-1850. PhD thesis. 2021:305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osis F. The venereal poison: a historic and genetic analysis of categories of sexually transmitted diseases, 1718-1850. PhD thesis. 2021:305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bracegirdle P. H. The establishment of histology in the curriculum of the London medical schools: 1826-1886. Doctoral thesis. University of London. 1996:399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bracegirdle P. H. The establishment of histology in the curriculum of the London medical schools: 1826-1886. Doctoral thesis. University of London. 1996:399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kiernan F. The anatomy and physiology of the liver. From the Philosophical Transactions, communicated by J. H. Green. Royal College of Surgeons of England. London: Richard Taylor, 1833.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiernan F. The anatomy and physiology of the liver. From the Philosophical Transactions, communicated by J. H. Green. Royal College of Surgeons of England. London: Richard Taylor, 1833.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunn P. M. Francis Glisson (1597-1677) and the «discovery» of rickets. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 1998;78: F154-155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunn P. M. Francis Glisson (1597-1677) and the «discovery» of rickets. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 1998;78: F154-155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glisson F. Anatomia Hepatis: Cui Praemittuntur Quaedam Ad Rem Anatomicam Universe Spectantia. London: Du-Gard for Pullein, 1654.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glisson F. Anatomia Hepatis: Cui Praemittuntur Quaedam Ad Rem Anatomicam Universe Spectantia. London: Du-Gard for Pullein, 1654.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helling T. S., Azoulay D. Historical Foundations of Liver Surgery. Berlin: Springer, 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helling T. S., Azoulay D. Historical Foundations of Liver Surgery. Berlin: Springer, 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parhisenko Yu.A., Vorontsov A. K., Kalashnik R. S., Bezaltynnykh A. A. [History of surgical anatomy of the hepato-pancreato-biliary zone]. Vestnik Smolenskoj gosudarstvennoj medicinskoj akademii. 2016;15(4):172-181.@@ Пархисенко Ю. А., Воронцов А. К., Калашник Р. С., Безалтынных А. А. История развития хирургической анатомии органов гепатопанкреатобилиарной зоны. Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии. 2016;15(4):172-181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parhisenko Yu.A., Vorontsov A. K., Kalashnik R. S., Bezaltynnykh A. A. [History of surgical anatomy of the hepato-pancreato-biliary zone]. Vestnik Smolenskoj gosudarstvennoj medicinskoj akademii. 2016;15(4):172-181.@@ Пархисенко Ю. А., Воронцов А. К., Калашник Р. С., Безалтынных А. А. История развития хирургической анатомии органов гепатопанкреатобилиарной зоны. Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии. 2016;15(4):172-181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gill R. M., Theise N. D. Rappaport, Glisson, Hering, and Mall-Champions of Liver Microanatomy: Microscopic and Ultramicroscopic Anatomy of the Liver Into the Modern Age. Clinical Liver Disease (Hoboken). 2021 29;18(1):76-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gill R. M., Theise N. D. Rappaport, Glisson, Hering, and Mall-Champions of Liver Microanatomy: Microscopic and Ultramicroscopic Anatomy of the Liver Into the Modern Age. Clinical Liver Disease (Hoboken). 2021 29;18(1):76-92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obituary. Francis Kiernan F. R.S. Nature. 1875; 11(271): 193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obituary. Francis Kiernan F. R.S. Nature. 1875; 11(271): 193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
