References

nogr

Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology

1682-8658

«Global Media Technologies»

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-240-8-99-109

nogr-3424

Research Article

ОБЗОР

REVIEW

Загрязнение воздуха мелкими твердыми частицами связано с хроническими заболеваниями печени?

Association Between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Chronic Liver Diseases

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-2744

Колпакова

А. Ф.

Kolpakova

A. F.

noemail@neicon.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-5493

Шарипов

Р. Н.

Sharipov

R. N.

shrus79@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-0256

Колпаков

Ф. А.

Kolpakov

F. A.

noemail@neicon.ru

Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «БИОСОФТ.РУ»; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университетРоссияLimited liability company BIOSOFT.RU; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИХБФМ СО РАН); Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «БИОСОФТ.РУ»; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»РоссияInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS; Limited liability company BIOSOFT.RU; Sirius University of Science and TechnologyRussian Federation

2025

02082026

0899109

2026

Колпакова А.Ф., Шарипов Р.Н., Колпаков Ф.А.

Kolpakova A.F., Sharipov R.N., Kolpakov F.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3424

В обзоре освещены современные представления о роли загрязнения атмосферного воздуха взвешенными частицами (particulate matter, PM) в патогенезе хронических неинфекционных заболеваний печени (ХНЗП). Для этой цели были использованы материалы статей, индексированных в базах PubMed и РИНЦ. РМ с аэродинамическим диаметром ≤2,5мкм признаны самыми опасными. Выявлено, что длительное воздействие мелких твердых частиц (PM2,5) особенно содержащих металлы, значительно увеличивает риск развития и смертность от рака, цирроза и неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Воздействие PM2,5 может способствовать развитию ХНЗП, вызывая окислительный стресс, системное воспаление, нарушение регуляции липидного обмена. Повреждение кишечного эпителия и нарушение микробиотического гомеостаза, вызывает стресс эндоплазматического ретикулума клеток, индуцируя аномальную экспрессию специфических микроРНК или воспалительных факторов. В обзоре обсуждаются современная терминология и гипотезы патогенеза наиболее распространенных ХНЗП. К сожалению, ни одна гипотеза не дает ясной характеристики роли РМ в патогенезе обсуждаемых болезней печени, в частности, на молекулярно-генетическом уровне. Создание формализованного описания процессов, опосредующих влияние PM на организм человека, помогает лучше понять их роль в патогенезе различных заболеваний, в частности ХНЗП, что может способствовать совершенствованию способов ранней диагностики, лечения и мер профилактики.

The review highlights current understanding of the role of air pollution with particulate matter (PM) in the pathogenesis of chronic non-infectious liver diseases (CLD). For this purpose, the materials of articles indexed in the PubMed and Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) databases were used. PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm are recognized as the most dangerous. It was found that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), especially those containing metals, significantly increases the risk and mortality from liver cancer, cirrhosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Exposure to PM2.5 can contribute to the development of CLD by causing oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Damage to the intestinal epithelium and disruption of microbiotic homeostasis causes stress to the endoplasmic reticulum of cells, inducing abnormal expression of specific microRNAs or inflammatory factors. The review discusses modern terminology and hypotheses of the pathogenesis of the most common chronic non-infectious liver diseases. Unfortunately, no hypothesis clearly characterizes the role of PM in the pathogenesis of the discussed liver diseases, in particular, at the molecular genetic level. Creating a formalized description of the processes mediating the effect of PM on the human body helps to better understand their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, in particular CLD, which can contribute to the improvement of early diagnostic methods, treatment, and preventive measures.

загрязнение воздухавзвешенные частицыPMпатогенез хронических неинфекционных заболеваний печениХНЗП

air pollutionparticulate matterPMpathogenesis of chronic non-infectious liver diseasesCLD

Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России для Федерального исследовательского центра информационных и вычислительных технологий.

The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for the Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.