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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-244-12-177-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфофункциональные изменения слизистой оболочки пищеварительного тракта крыс в модели посттравматического стрессового расстройства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural and functional alterations in the gastrointestinal mucosa of rats in a PTSD model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забельникова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabelnikova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zabel.am@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирик</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirik</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мацулевич</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matsulevich</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грефнер</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grefner</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цикунов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsikunov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржевский</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhevskii</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдурасулова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdurasulova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>177</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Забельникова А.М., Кирик О.В., Мацулевич А.В., Грефнер Н.М., Цикунов С.Г., Коржевский Д.Э., Абдурасулова И.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Забельникова А.М., Кирик О.В., Мацулевич А.В., Грефнер Н.М., Цикунов С.Г., Коржевский Д.Э., Абдурасулова И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabelnikova A.M., Kirik O.V., Matsulevich A.V., Grefner N.M., Tsikunov S.G., Korzhevskii D.E., Abdurasulova I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3298">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3298</self-uri><abstract><p>Хронический стресс приводит к психическим расстройствам, включая посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство (ПТСР) и заболеваниям желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ), которые часто взаимосвязаны. Однако ПТСР может развиться после сильного острого стресса, каким является витальный стресс. Какие происходят при этом повреждения ЖКТ не изучено. Цель. Исследование изменений слизистой оболочки пищеварительного тракта в отдаленном периоде после однократного стрессового воздействия угрозы жизни. Материалы и методы. Поведенческую активность (общую двигательную, ориентировочно-исследовательскую деятельность, тревожность) крыс оценивали в тесте «Открытое поле» на 16-й день после стресса. Гистологическое исследование ткани тонкой и толстой кишки включало морфометрический анализ длины ворсинок и глубины крипт, количества бокаловидных клеток (окрашивание альциановым синим), оценку пролиферативной активности кишечного эпителия (иммуногистохимическая реакция на фосфорилированный гистон Н3), ультраструктуры энтероцитов и колоноцитов (электронная микроскопия). Результаты исследования. В отдаленном периоде после однократного воздействия стресса угрозы жизни у крыс развились проявления ПТСР в виде повышенной тревожности и сниженной исследовательской активности, которые сопровождались морфологическими изменениями слизистой оболочки кишечника. В толстой кишке увеличивалась глубина крипт, в тонкой кишке удлинялись ворсинки, а в криптах возрастало количество бокаловидных клеток и уменьшалось количество клеток, иммунопозитивных по фосфорилированному гистону H3. В энтероцитах и колоноцитах обнаружено разрушение микроворсинок и митохондрий, а также показана транслокация бактерий в эпителиальный пласт. Выявленные изменения могут свидетельствовать о нарушении созревания и миграции бокаловидных клеток на фоне общего снижения пролиферативной активности эпителия, а также о повреждении кишечного барьера. Заключение. Развитие ПТСР после однократного эпизода витального стресса сопровождается структурно-функциональными перестройками в слизистой оболочке кишечника и нарушением целостности кишечного барьера. Это необходимо учитывать при лечении постстрессовых расстройств и проводить терапию, направленную на восстановление структуры и функции кишечного барьера.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic stress contributes to mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, which frequently exhibit comorbidity. However, PTSD can also develop following severe acute stress, such as life-threatening stress The associated GI tract damage remains poorly understood. Aim. To investigate long-term changes in the digestive tract mucosa following a single life-threatening stress exposure. Materials and Methods. On day 16 post-stress, rat behavioral activity was assessed using the Open Field test (evaluating general locomotion, exploratory behavior, anxiety-like responses). Histological analysis of the digestive tract included morphometric measurements of villus length and crypt depth, quantification of goblet cells (Alcian blue staining), and assessment of proliferative activity (immunohistochemical detection of phosphorylated histone H3). Results. In the long-term period following a single life-threatening stress exposure, rats developed PTSD-like manifestations characterized by increased anxiety and decreased exploratory behavior, accompanied by morphological alterations in the intestinal mucosa. The small intestine showed increased villus length, while the large intestine displayed deeper crypts. Small intestinal crypts demonstrated an elevated number of goblet cells and a reduced count of phosphorylated histone H3-immunopositive cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed microvilli and mitochondrial damage in enterocytes and colonocytes, along with bacterial translocation into the epithelial layer. These findings collectively suggest impaired goblet cell maturation and migration against a background of suppressed epithelial proliferation, indicating substantial intestinal barrier compromise. Conclusion. PTSD development following acute life-threatening stress induces both structural and functional reorganization of the intestinal mucosa with barrier integrity disruption, underscoring the clinical need for therapeutic strategies targeting intestinal barrier restoration in post-stress disorder management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витальный стресс</kwd><kwd>посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство</kwd><kwd>слизистая оболочка</kwd><kwd>пищеварительный тракт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>life-threatening stress</kwd><kwd>post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)</kwd><kwd>mucosa</kwd><kwd>digestive tract</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glynn H., Möller S.P., Wilding H., Apputhurai P., Moore G., Knowles S.R. Prevalence and Impact of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Gastrointestinal Conditions: A Systematic Review. 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