nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-239-7-126-134nogr-3231Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWОсобенности микробиоты и ее связь с психосоматическим состоянием пожилых людей с метаболическим синдромомFeatures of the microbiota and its relation to the psychosomatic state of elderly people with metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-9881БердичевскийМ. Г.BerdichevskyG. M.grishaberd@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-9548НовиковаН. С.NovikovaN. S.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5720-3528ТихоновС. В.TikhonovS. V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-6848ТопаловаЮ. Г.TopalovaYu. G.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-6508КотылеваМ. П.KotylevaM. P.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-4687-9440ДорошенкоН. А.DoroshenkoN. A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-0786АльпинВ. С.AlpinV. S.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-6660ЕрмоленкоЕ. И.ErmolenkoE. I.noemail@neicon.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт Экспериментальной Медицины» «Институт Экспериментальной Медицины»РоссияInstitute of Experimental MedicineRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNorth-Western State Medical University named after I.I. MechnikovRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт мозга человека им. Н.П. Бехтеревой Российской академии наук (ИМЧ РАН)РоссияN.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт Экспериментальной Медицины» «Институт Экспериментальной Медицины»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияInstitute of Experimental Medicine; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. MechnikovRussian Federation20252501202607126134Copyright © Бердичевский М.Г., Новикова Н.С., Тихонов С.В., Топалова Ю.Г., Котылева М.П., Дорошенко Н.А., Альпин В.С., Ермоленко Е.И., 20262026Бердичевский М.Г., Новикова Н.С., Тихонов С.В., Топалова Ю.Г., Котылева М.П., Дорошенко Н.А., Альпин В.С., Ермоленко Е.И.Berdichevsky G.M., Novikova N.S., Tikhonov S.V., Topalova Y.G., Kotyleva M.P., Doroshenko N.A., Alpin V.S., Ermolenko E.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3231

Тревожные расстройства остаются значимой проблемой, среди людей старшего возраста и влияют на качество жизни, физическое и психоэмоциональное состояние. В работе проведен анализ литературных и собственных данных по психоэмоциональным особенностям, в частности тревожности и составу микробиоты у лиц, страдающих возраст-ассоциированными заболеваниями (метаболический синдром, ожирение, сахарный диабет, дислипидемия, гипертоническая болезнь, атеросклероз). Пациенты с метаболическим синдромом после психометрического анализа были разделены по личностной тревожности на три группы. Оценку личностной тревожности проводили по шкале Спилбергера, которая позволила выделить группы низкой (ЛТ 1, < 30 баллов), умеренной (ЛТ 2, 35-45 баллов) и высокой (ЛТ 3, > 45 баллов) степеней выраженности рассматриваемого признака. Окружность талии, уровень щелочной фосфатазы и инсулина в сыворотке крови пациентов имели тенденцию или статистически достоверно были увеличены в группах ЛТ2 и ЛТ3 по сравнению с ЛТ1. Также по мере увеличения степени личностной тревожности уменьшались количественное содержание эшерихий и бактерий из группы Bacteroides fragilis. Выявлена отрицательная корреляционная связь средней силы между выраженностью личностной тревожности и количественным содержанием данных бактерий. Основываясь на установленных в данной работе фактах и литературных данных, нельзя исключить наличие компенсаторного психобиотического эффекта у Е. coli и B. fragilis у пожилых больных.

Anxiety disorders remain a significant problem among older adults and impact their quality of life, physical health, and psycho-emotional well-being. This study conducted an analysis of both literature and own data on psycho-emotional characteristics, particularly anxiety levels and microbiota composition in individuals suffering from age-associated diseases (metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis). Patients with metabolic syndrome were divided into three groups based on psychometric analysis of personal anxiety. Personal anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger scale, which classified participants into low (LT1, < 30 points), moderate (LT2, 35-45 points), and high (LT3, > 45 points) anxiety levels. Waist circumference, serum alkaline phosphatase, and insulin levels tended to be higher or were statistically significantly increased in the LT2 and LT3 groups compared to LT1. Additionally, with increasing levels of personal anxiety, the quantitative content of Escherichia coli and bacteria from the Bacteroides fragilis group decreased. A negative correlation of moderate strength was found between the severity of personal anxiety and the abundance of these bacteria. Based on the findings of this study and existing literature data, the presence of a compensatory psychobiotic effect of E. coli and B. fragilis in elderly patients cannot be ruled out.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.