<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-235-3-288-298</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРОБИОЦЕНОЗ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROBIOCENOSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частично гидролизованные пищевые волокна циамопсиса четырехкрыльникового восстанавливают функции пищеварительного тракта при различных заболеваниях органов пищеварения и коморбидности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Partially hydrolyzed dietary fiber of Cyamopsis tetraptera determines the function of the main process in various diseases of the digestive organs and comorbidities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8736-5851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазебник</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazebnik</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">leonid.borisl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2330-422X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарманова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garmanova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>288</fpage><lpage>298</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лазебник Л.Б., Гарманова Т.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лазебник Л.Б., Гарманова Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Garmanova T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3158">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3158</self-uri><abstract><p>Пищевые волокна играют очень важную роль в модификации кишечной микробиоты, оказывая пребиотическое действие, такое как стимуляция роста и/или функции полезных кишечных микроорганизмов. Наиболее современной формой пищевых волокон, удовлетворяющей запросы и цели клинической практики, являются частично гидролизованные пищевые волокна. Целью настоящего обзора явилось рассмотрение эффективности применения частично гидролизованных пищевых волокон при различных заболеваниях и состояниях желудочно-кишечного тракта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Dietary fiber plays a crucial role in the modification of intestinal microbiota, providing a prebiotic effect, such as stimulation of growth and/or nutrient function of intestinal microorganisms. The most modern form of dietary fiber, which serves as the basis and goal of clinical practice, is partially hydrolyzed dietary fiber. As a result of this review, the effectiveness of the use of partially hydrolyzed dietary fiber in various diseases and conditions is obvious. gastrointestinal tract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевые волокна</kwd><kwd>пребиотики</kwd><kwd>частично гидролизованные пищевые волокна</kwd><kwd>запор</kwd><kwd>синдром раздраженного кишечника</kwd><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>дивертикулез кишечника</kwd><kwd>дисбиоз кишечника</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>геморрой</kwd><kwd>анальная трещина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dietary fiber</kwd><kwd>prebiotics</kwd><kwd>partially hydrolyzed dietary fiber</kwd><kwd>constipation</kwd><kwd>irritable bowel syndrome</kwd><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>intestinal diverticulosis</kwd><kwd>intestinal dysbiosis</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>hemorrhoids</kwd><kwd>anal fissure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yudina Yu.V., Korsunsky A.A., Aminova A.I., Abdullaeva G.D., Prodeus A.P. Gut microbiota as a separate body system.Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(4):36-43. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17116/dokgastro2019804-05136.@@ Юдина Ю.В., Корсунский А.А., Аминова А.И., Абдуллаева Г.Д., Продеус А.П. Микробиота кишечника как отдельная система организма. Доказательная гастроэнтерология. 2019;8(4):36-43. doi: 10.17116/dokgastro2019804-05136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudina Yu.V., Korsunsky A.A., Aminova A.I., Abdullaeva G.D., Prodeus A.P. Gut microbiota as a separate body system.Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(4):36-43. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17116/dokgastro2019804-05136.@@ Юдина Ю.В., Корсунский А.А., Аминова А.И., Абдуллаева Г.Д., Продеус А.П. Микробиота кишечника как отдельная система организма. Доказательная гастроэнтерология. 2019;8(4):36-43. doi: 10.17116/dokgastro2019804-05136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanova E. M., Kosmina K.O., Shumkov A.Yu., Zabezhinsky A.M., Mayorova A.M., Raevsky K.P. The role of changes in intestinal microbiota in the development of metabolic syndrome in the elderly (literature review). Advances in Gerontology. 2025; 38 (2): 243-250. (in Russ.) doi: 10.34922/AE.2025.38.2.010.@@ Иванова Е.М., Косьмина К.О., Шумков А.Ю., Забежинский А.М., Майорова А.М., Раевский К.П. Роль изменений кишечной микробиоты в развитии метаболического синдрома у пожилых людей (обзор литературы). Успехи геронтологии. 2025;38(2):243-250. doi: 10.34922/AE.2025.38.2.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova E. M., Kosmina K.O., Shumkov A.Yu., Zabezhinsky A.M., Mayorova A.M., Raevsky K.P. The role of changes in intestinal microbiota in the development of metabolic syndrome in the elderly (literature review). Advances in Gerontology. 2025; 38 (2): 243-250. (in Russ.) doi: 10.34922/AE.2025.38.2.010.@@ Иванова Е.М., Косьмина К.О., Шумков А.Ю., Забежинский А.М., Майорова А.М., Раевский К.П. Роль изменений кишечной микробиоты в развитии метаболического синдрома у пожилых людей (обзор литературы). Успехи геронтологии. 2025;38(2):243-250. doi: 10.34922/AE.2025.38.2.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ichinohe T, Pang IK, Kumamoto Y, Peaper DR, Ho JH, Murray TS, Iwasaki A. Microbiota regulates immune defense against respiratory tract influenza A virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 29;108(13):5354-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1019378108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ichinohe T, Pang IK, Kumamoto Y, Peaper DR, Ho JH, Murray TS, Iwasaki A. Microbiota regulates immune defense against respiratory tract influenza A virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 29;108(13):5354-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1019378108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malaeva E.G. Urinary tract infections and microbiota. Health and Ecology Issues. 2021;18(3):5-14. (In Russ.) doi: 10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-3-1.@@ Малаева Е.Г. Инфекции мочевыводящих путей и микробиота. Проблемы здоровья и экологии. 2021; 18(3):5-14. doi: 10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-3-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malaeva E.G. Urinary tract infections and microbiota. Health and Ecology Issues. 2021;18(3):5-14. (In Russ.) doi: 10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-3-1.@@ Малаева Е.Г. Инфекции мочевыводящих путей и микробиота. Проблемы здоровья и экологии. 2021; 18(3):5-14. doi: 10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-3-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang S., Wang Q., Tan D.E.L. et al. Gut-liver axis: Potential mechanisms of action of food-derived extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024 Jun;13(6): e12466. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang S., Wang Q., Tan D.E.L. et al. Gut-liver axis: Potential mechanisms of action of food-derived extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024 Jun;13(6): e12466. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gong W., Guo P., Li Y. et al. Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in the Shared Genetic Etiology Between Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Pleiotropic Analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 1;80(4):360-370. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.4974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gong W., Guo P., Li Y. et al. Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in the Shared Genetic Etiology Between Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-Wide Pleiotropic Analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 1;80(4):360-370. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.4974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaus O.V., Belyakov D.G. Modern views on the gut microbiota role in intestinal pathology. RMJ. 2021;4:10-16. (in Russ.)@@ Гаус О.В., Беляков Д.Г. Современные взгляды на роль кишечной микробиоты в формировании патологии кишечника. РМЖ. 2021;4:10-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaus O.V., Belyakov D.G. Modern views on the gut microbiota role in intestinal pathology. RMJ. 2021;4:10-16. (in Russ.)@@ Гаус О.В., Беляков Д.Г. Современные взгляды на роль кишечной микробиоты в формировании патологии кишечника. РМЖ. 2021;4:10-16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Branavets I.N. Dietary fibers - an important part of a balanced healthy diet. Meditsinskie novosti. 2015;10(253):46-48. (in Russ.)@@ Броновец И.Н. Пищевые волокна-важная составляющая сбалансированного здорового питания. Медицинские новости. 2015;10(253):46-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Branavets I.N. Dietary fibers - an important part of a balanced healthy diet. Meditsinskie novosti. 2015;10(253):46-48. (in Russ.)@@ Броновец И.Н. Пищевые волокна-важная составляющая сбалансированного здорового питания. Медицинские новости. 2015;10(253):46-48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burlyaeva E.A. Dietary fiber is an important component of optimal nutrition. Meditsinskiy opponent = Medical Opponent. 2024; 2 (26): 36-42. (In Russ.)@@ Бурляева Е.А. Пищевые волокна - важный компонент оптимального питания. Медицинский оппонент. 2024; 2 (26): 36-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burlyaeva E.A. Dietary fiber is an important component of optimal nutrition. Meditsinskiy opponent = Medical Opponent. 2024; 2 (26): 36-42. (In Russ.)@@ Бурляева Е.А. Пищевые волокна - важный компонент оптимального питания. Медицинский оппонент. 2024; 2 (26): 36-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ardatskaya M.D. Role of dietary fiber in correcting microbiota disorders and maintaining immunity. RMJ. 2020;12:24-29. (in Russ.)@@ Ардатская М.Д. Роль пищевых волокон в коррекции нарушений микробиоты и поддержании иммунитета. РМЖ. 2020;12:24-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ardatskaya M.D. Role of dietary fiber in correcting microbiota disorders and maintaining immunity. RMJ. 2020;12:24-29. (in Russ.)@@ Ардатская М.Д. Роль пищевых волокон в коррекции нарушений микробиоты и поддержании иммунитета. РМЖ. 2020;12:24-29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazebnik L.B., Prilepskaia S.I., Baryshnikov E.N., Parfenov A.I., Kosacheva T.N. [Prevalence and risk factors of constipation in the adult population of Moscow (according to population-based study MUSA)]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2011;(3):68-73.Russian. PMID: 21695954.@@ Лазебник Л.Б. и др. Распространенность и факторы риска запоров у взрослого населения Москвы (по данным популяционного исследования «МУЗА»). Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2011;(3):68-73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Prilepskaia S.I., Baryshnikov E.N., Parfenov A.I., Kosacheva T.N. [Prevalence and risk factors of constipation in the adult population of Moscow (according to population-based study MUSA)]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2011;(3):68-73.Russian. PMID: 21695954.@@ Лазебник Л.Б. и др. Распространенность и факторы риска запоров у взрослого населения Москвы (по данным популяционного исследования «МУЗА»). Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2011;(3):68-73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Proskurina I.A., Gorskaya T.E., Ilin R.S., Goryachev D.V. Planning a clinical trial programme for medicinal products for chronic constipation: An analysis of the European Medicines Agency Guideline. Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation. 2025;15(2):229-240. (In Russ.) doi: 10.30895/1991-2919-2025-734.@@ Проскурина И.А., Горская Т.Е., Ильин Р.С., Горячев Д.В. Программа клинических исследований лекарственных препаратов для лечения хронического запора: анализ руководства Европейского агентства по лекарственным средствам. Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств. 2025;15(2):229-240. doi: 10.30895/1991-2919-2025-734.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proskurina I.A., Gorskaya T.E., Ilin R.S., Goryachev D.V. Planning a clinical trial programme for medicinal products for chronic constipation: An analysis of the European Medicines Agency Guideline. Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation. 2025;15(2):229-240. (In Russ.) doi: 10.30895/1991-2919-2025-734.@@ Проскурина И.А., Горская Т.Е., Ильин Р.С., Горячев Д.В. Программа клинических исследований лекарственных препаратов для лечения хронического запора: анализ руководства Европейского агентства по лекарственным средствам. Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств. 2025;15(2):229-240. doi: 10.30895/1991-2919-2025-734.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yun Q., Wang S., Chen S. et al. Constipation preceding depression: a population-based cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Jan 16;67:102371. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102371.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yun Q., Wang S., Chen S. et al. Constipation preceding depression: a population-based cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Jan 16;67:102371. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102371.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng T., Camargo Tavares L., D’Amato M., Marques F.Z. Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024 Oct 1;327(4): H956-H964. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00519.2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng T., Camargo Tavares L., D’Amato M., Marques F.Z. Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024 Oct 1;327(4): H956-H964. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00519.2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong Y., Chen X., Liu J. Analysis of Factors Associated with Constipation in the Population with Obesity: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obes Facts. 2024;17(2):169-182. doi: 10.1159/000536318.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong Y., Chen X., Liu J. Analysis of Factors Associated with Constipation in the Population with Obesity: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obes Facts. 2024;17(2):169-182. doi: 10.1159/000536318.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahendra P. Kapoor, Masaaki Sugita, Yoshitaka Fukuzawa, Tsutomu Okubo. Impact of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) on constipation prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Functional Foods. 2017;(33): 52-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.03.028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mahendra P. Kapoor, Masaaki Sugita, Yoshitaka Fukuzawa, Tsutomu Okubo. Impact of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) on constipation prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Functional Foods. 2017;(33): 52-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.03.028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krayushkin S.I., Rodionova O.N., Kolesnikova I.Yu., Kuznetsova T.Yu. [Certain aspects of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome]. Bulletin of VolGMU. 2013;1(45):71-74. (in Russ.)@@ Краюшкин С.И., Родионова О.Н., Колесникова И.Ю., Кузнецова Т.Ю. Отдельные аспекты постинфекционного синдрома раздраженного кишечника. Вестник ВолгГМУ. 2013;1(45):71-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krayushkin S.I., Rodionova O.N., Kolesnikova I.Yu., Kuznetsova T.Yu. [Certain aspects of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome]. Bulletin of VolGMU. 2013;1(45):71-74. (in Russ.)@@ Краюшкин С.И., Родионова О.Н., Колесникова И.Ю., Кузнецова Т.Ю. Отдельные аспекты постинфекционного синдрома раздраженного кишечника. Вестник ВолгГМУ. 2013;1(45):71-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivashkin V.T., Shelygin Y.A., Baranskaya E.K. et al. Irritable bowel syndrome. Koloproktologia. 2022;21(1):10-25. doi: 10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-1-10-25.@@ Ивашкин В.Т., Шелыгин Ю.А., Баранская Е.К. и др. Синдром раздраженного кишечника. Колопроктология. 2022;21(1):10-25. doi: 10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-1-10-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Shelygin Y.A., Baranskaya E.K. et al. Irritable bowel syndrome. Koloproktologia. 2022;21(1):10-25. doi: 10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-1-10-25.@@ Ивашкин В.Т., Шелыгин Ю.А., Баранская Е.К. и др. Синдром раздраженного кишечника. Колопроктология. 2022;21(1):10-25. doi: 10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-1-10-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giannini E.G., Mansi C., Dulbecco P., Savarino V. Role of partially hydrolyzed guar gum in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Nutrition. 2006 Mar;22(3):334-42. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.10.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giannini E.G., Mansi C., Dulbecco P., Savarino V. Role of partially hydrolyzed guar gum in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Nutrition. 2006 Mar;22(3):334-42. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.10.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niv E., Halak A., Tiommny E., Yanai H., Strul H., Naftali T., Vaisman N. Randomized clinical study: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) versus placebo in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016 Feb 6;13:10. doi: 10.1186/s12986-016-0070-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niv E., Halak A., Tiommny E., Yanai H., Strul H., Naftali T., Vaisman N. Randomized clinical study: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) versus placebo in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016 Feb 6;13:10. doi: 10.1186/s12986-016-0070-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parisi G.C., Zilli M., Miani M.P. et al. High-fiber diet supplementation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a multicenter, randomized, open trial comparison between wheat bran diet and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG). Dig Dis Sci. 2002 Aug;47(8):1697-704. doi: 10.1023/a:1016419906546.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parisi G.C., Zilli M., Miani M.P. et al. High-fiber diet supplementation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a multicenter, randomized, open trial comparison between wheat bran diet and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG). Dig Dis Sci. 2002 Aug;47(8):1697-704. doi: 10.1023/a:1016419906546.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khavkin A.I., Nalyotov A.V., Shumilov P.V., Sitkin S.I. The effectiveness of dietary fiber in inflammatory bowel disease. Vopr. det. dietol. (Pediatric Nutrition). 2024; 22(2): 74-81. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20953/1727-5784-2024-2-74-81.@@ Хавкин А.И., Налетов А.В., Шумилов П.В., Ситкин С.И. Эффективность пищевых волокон при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника. Вопросы детской диетологии. 2024; 22(2): 74-81. doi: 10.20953/1727-5784-2024-2-74-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khavkin A.I., Nalyotov A.V., Shumilov P.V., Sitkin S.I. The effectiveness of dietary fiber in inflammatory bowel disease. Vopr. det. dietol. (Pediatric Nutrition). 2024; 22(2): 74-81. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20953/1727-5784-2024-2-74-81.@@ Хавкин А.И., Налетов А.В., Шумилов П.В., Ситкин С.И. Эффективность пищевых волокон при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника. Вопросы детской диетологии. 2024; 22(2): 74-81. doi: 10.20953/1727-5784-2024-2-74-81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haneishi Y., Furuya Y., Hasegawa M., Picarelli A., Rossi M., Miyamoto J. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Gut Microbiota.Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 14;24(4):3817. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haneishi Y., Furuya Y., Hasegawa M., Picarelli A., Rossi M., Miyamoto J. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Gut Microbiota.Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 14;24(4):3817. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043817.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loy L., Petronio L., Marcozzi G., Bezzio C., Armuzzi A. Dietary Fiber in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are We Ready to Change the Paradigm? Nutrients. 2024 Apr 10;16(8):1108. doi: 10.3390/nu16081108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loy L., Petronio L., Marcozzi G., Bezzio C., Armuzzi A. Dietary Fiber in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are We Ready to Change the Paradigm? Nutrients. 2024 Apr 10;16(8):1108. doi: 10.3390/nu16081108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Day A.S., Davis R., Costello S.P., Yao C.K., Andrews J.M., Bryant R.V. The Adequacy of Habitual Dietary Fiber Intake in Individuals With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Apr;121(4):688-708.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Day A.S., Davis R., Costello S.P., Yao C.K., Andrews J.M., Bryant R.V. The Adequacy of Habitual Dietary Fiber Intake in Individuals With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Apr;121(4):688-708.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012 Jun 13;486(7402):207-14. doi: 10.1038/nature11234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012 Jun 13;486(7402):207-14. doi: 10.1038/nature11234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carías Domínguez A.M., de Jesús Rosa Salazar D., Stefanolo J.P., Cruz Serrano M.C., Casas I.C., Zuluaga Peña J.R.Intestinal Dysbiosis: Exploring Definition, Associated Symptoms, and Perspectives for a Comprehensive Understanding - a Scoping Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Feb;17(1):440-449. doi: 10.1007/s12602-024-10353-w.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carías Domínguez A.M., de Jesús Rosa Salazar D., Stefanolo J.P., Cruz Serrano M.C., Casas I.C., Zuluaga Peña J.R.Intestinal Dysbiosis: Exploring Definition, Associated Symptoms, and Perspectives for a Comprehensive Understanding - a Scoping Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Feb;17(1):440-449. doi: 10.1007/s12602-024-10353-w.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Edelman M., Wang Q., Ahnen R., Slavin J. The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults. Appl. Microbiol. 2024,4, 720-730. doi: 10.3390/applmicrobiol4020049.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Edelman M., Wang Q., Ahnen R., Slavin J. The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults. Appl. Microbiol. 2024,4, 720-730. doi: 10.3390/applmicrobiol4020049.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Electronic statistical report on the clinical study “The effect of dietary fiber Nestle OptiFibre on the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and intestinal microbiota metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus”. (in Russ.) Available at: https://miadoc.ru//catalog/199/?uid=a10bd0e60d2b493c8613c75aedcef0c6 Accessed: 05.02.2025.@@ Электронный статистический отчет по клиническому исследованию «Влияние пищевых волокон Nestle OptiFibre на параметры углеводного обмена и метаболизм кишечной микробиоты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа» URL: https://miadoc.ru//catalog/199/?uid=a10bd0e60d2b493c8613c75aedcef0c6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Electronic statistical report on the clinical study “The effect of dietary fiber Nestle OptiFibre on the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and intestinal microbiota metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus”. (in Russ.) Available at: https://miadoc.ru//catalog/199/?uid=a10bd0e60d2b493c8613c75aedcef0c6 Accessed: 05.02.2025.@@ Электронный статистический отчет по клиническому исследованию «Влияние пищевых волокон Nestle OptiFibre на параметры углеводного обмена и метаболизм кишечной микробиоты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа» URL: https://miadoc.ru//catalog/199/?uid=a10bd0e60d2b493c8613c75aedcef0c6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duan H., Yu L., Tian F., Zhai Q., Fan L., Chen W. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and barrier disruption and the potential protective strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(6):1427-1452. doi: 10.1080/ 10408398.2020.1843396.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duan H., Yu L., Tian F., Zhai Q., Fan L., Chen W. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and barrier disruption and the potential protective strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(6):1427-1452. doi: 10.1080/ 10408398.2020.1843396.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu T., Du Y., Jiang D., Jiang W., Ma L., Wang J., Wang S. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum attenuates broad-spectrum antibiotic-induced gut microbiota disruption associated with intestinal inflammation and barrier damage in mice. Food Bioscience. 2024; 61: 104962. doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104962.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu T., Du Y., Jiang D., Jiang W., Ma L., Wang J., Wang S. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum attenuates broad-spectrum antibiotic-induced gut microbiota disruption associated with intestinal inflammation and barrier damage in mice. Food Bioscience. 2024; 61: 104962. doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104962.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Komilov M.A., Nurmurzaev Z.N., Umarov F.U., Ravshanov Z.Kh. Improvement of methods of surgical treatment of complicated forms of hemorroia. Journal of humanities &amp; natural sciences. 2025;22 (2):33-41. (in Russ.)@@ Комилов М.А., Нурмурзаев З.Н., Умаров Ф.У., Равшанов З.Х. Совершенствование методов хирургического лечения осложнённых форм геморроя. Журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук. 2025;22 (2):33-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Komilov M.A., Nurmurzaev Z.N., Umarov F.U., Ravshanov Z.Kh. Improvement of methods of surgical treatment of complicated forms of hemorroia. Journal of humanities &amp; natural sciences. 2025;22 (2):33-41. (in Russ.)@@ Комилов М.А., Нурмурзаев З.Н., Умаров Ф.У., Равшанов З.Х. Совершенствование методов хирургического лечения осложнённых форм геморроя. Журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук. 2025;22 (2):33-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hwang S.H. Trends in Treatment for Hemorrhoids, Fistula, and Anal Fissure: Go Along the Current Trends. J Anus Rectum Colon. 2022 Jul 28;6(3):150-158. doi: 10.23922/jarc.2022-012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hwang S.H. Trends in Treatment for Hemorrhoids, Fistula, and Anal Fissure: Go Along the Current Trends. J Anus Rectum Colon. 2022 Jul 28;6(3):150-158. doi: 10.23922/jarc.2022-012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hawkins A.T., Davis B.R., Bhama A.R., Fang S.H., Dawes A.J., Feingold D.L., Lightner A.L., Paquette I.M.; Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024 May 1;67(5):614-623. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000003276.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hawkins A.T., Davis B.R., Bhama A.R., Fang S.H., Dawes A.J., Feingold D.L., Lightner A.L., Paquette I.M.; Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024 May 1;67(5):614-623. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000003276.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alonso-Coello P., Mills E., Heels-Ansdell D. et al. Fiber for the treatment of hemorrhoids complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan;101(1):181-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00359.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alonso-Coello P., Mills E., Heels-Ansdell D. et al. Fiber for the treatment of hemorrhoids complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan;101(1):181-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00359.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perez-Miranda M., Gomez-Cedenilla A., León-Colombo T., Pajares J., Mate-Jimenez J. Effect of fiber supplements on internal bleeding hemorrhoids. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996 Nov-Dec;43(12):1504-7. PMID: 8975955.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perez-Miranda M., Gomez-Cedenilla A., León-Colombo T., Pajares J., Mate-Jimenez J. Effect of fiber supplements on internal bleeding hemorrhoids. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996 Nov-Dec;43(12):1504-7. PMID: 8975955.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen S.L., Harling H., Tange G., Shokouh-Amiri M.H., Nielsen O.V. Maintenance bran therapy for prevention of symptoms after rubber band ligation of third-degree haemorrhoids. Acta Chir Scand. 1988 May-Jun;154(5-6):395-8. PMID: 2844044.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen S.L., Harling H., Tange G., Shokouh-Amiri M.H., Nielsen O.V. Maintenance bran therapy for prevention of symptoms after rubber band ligation of third-degree haemorrhoids. Acta Chir Scand. 1988 May-Jun;154(5-6):395-8. PMID: 2844044.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaliyeva D.K., Balykbaeva A.M. Providing proctological care to pregnant women at the ambulatory level. Znanstvena Misel. 2021;(54):28-30. (in Russ.)@@ Калиева Д.К., Балыкбаева А.М. Оказание проктологической помощи беременным женщинам на амбулаторном уровне. Znanstvena Misel. 2021;(54):28-30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaliyeva D.K., Balykbaeva A.M. Providing proctological care to pregnant women at the ambulatory level. Znanstvena Misel. 2021;(54):28-30. (in Russ.)@@ Калиева Д.К., Балыкбаева А.М. Оказание проктологической помощи беременным женщинам на амбулаторном уровне. Znanstvena Misel. 2021;(54):28-30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sukhikh G.T., Kurtser M.A., Radzinsky V.E., Serov V.N., Baranov I.I. [Obstetrics: National Guidelines]. Moscow. GEOTAR-Media, 2025. Series «National Guidelines». (in Russ.)@@ Акушерство: национальное руководство. Под ред. Г.Т. Сухих, М.А. Курцер, В.Е. Радзинский, В.Н. Серов, Баранов И.И. 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2025. Серия «Национальные Руководства».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhikh G.T., Kurtser M.A., Radzinsky V.E., Serov V.N., Baranov I.I. [Obstetrics: National Guidelines]. Moscow. GEOTAR-Media, 2025. Series «National Guidelines». (in Russ.)@@ Акушерство: национальное руководство. Под ред. Г.Т. Сухих, М.А. Курцер, В.Е. Радзинский, В.Н. Серов, Баранов И.И. 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2025. Серия «Национальные Руководства».</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ginyuk V.A., Alekseev S.A., Popkov O.V., Koshevsky P.P., Lemeshevsky A.I., Bovtyuk N. Ya., Ginyuk E.A. Hemorrhoidal disease in pregnant women and in the postpartum period: basics of diagnosis, clinical picture, tactics of treatment and prevention. Medical Journal. 2024;(3):9-17. doi: 0.51922/1818-426X.2024.3.9.@@ Гинюк В.А., Алексеев С.А., Попков О.В., Кошевский П.П., Лемешевский А.И., Бовтюк Н.Я., Гинюк Э.А. Геморроидальная болезнь у беременных и в послеродовом периоде: основы диагностики, клинической картины, тактики лечения и профилактики. Медицинский журнал. 2024;(3):9-17. doi: 0.51922/1818-426X.2024.3.9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ginyuk V.A., Alekseev S.A., Popkov O.V., Koshevsky P.P., Lemeshevsky A.I., Bovtyuk N. Ya., Ginyuk E.A. Hemorrhoidal disease in pregnant women and in the postpartum period: basics of diagnosis, clinical picture, tactics of treatment and prevention. Medical Journal. 2024;(3):9-17. doi: 0.51922/1818-426X.2024.3.9.@@ Гинюк В.А., Алексеев С.А., Попков О.В., Кошевский П.П., Лемешевский А.И., Бовтюк Н.Я., Гинюк Э.А. Геморроидальная болезнь у беременных и в послеродовом периоде: основы диагностики, клинической картины, тактики лечения и профилактики. Медицинский журнал. 2024;(3):9-17. doi: 0.51922/1818-426X.2024.3.9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">All-Russian public organization «Association of Proctologists of Russia» [Clinical guidelines «Hemorrhoids»] No: 178_2. Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of Russia 2024. (in Russ.)@@ Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация колопроктологов России» Клинические рекомендации «Геморрой» ID: 178_2. Одобрено Научно-практическим Советом Минздрава России 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">All-Russian public organization «Association of Proctologists of Russia» [Clinical guidelines «Hemorrhoids»] No: 178_2. Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of Russia 2024. (in Russ.)@@ Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация колопроктологов России» Клинические рекомендации «Геморрой» ID: 178_2. Одобрено Научно-практическим Советом Минздрава России 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Borovkova E.I., Simonyan T.D., Selimshaeva D.S. Large bowel obstruction during pregnancy: the efficacy of dietary fibers.Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(1):36-41. doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-36-41.@@ Доброхотова Ю.Э., Боровкова Е.И., Симонян Т.Д., Селимшаева Д.С. Толстокишечный стаз во время беременности: эффективность применения препаратов на основе пищевых волокон. РМЖ. Мать и дитя. 2021;4(1):36-41. doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-36-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Borovkova E.I., Simonyan T.D., Selimshaeva D.S. Large bowel obstruction during pregnancy: the efficacy of dietary fibers.Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(1):36-41. doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-36-41.@@ Доброхотова Ю.Э., Боровкова Е.И., Симонян Т.Д., Селимшаева Д.С. Толстокишечный стаз во время беременности: эффективность применения препаратов на основе пищевых волокон. РМЖ. Мать и дитя. 2021;4(1):36-41. doi: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-36-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garg P. Conservative Treatment of Hemorrhoids Deserves More Attention in Guidelines and Clinical Practice. Dis Colon Rectum. 2018 Jul;61(7): e348. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garg P. Conservative Treatment of Hemorrhoids Deserves More Attention in Guidelines and Clinical Practice. Dis Colon Rectum. 2018 Jul;61(7): e348. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roelandt P., Bislenghi G., Coremans G. et al. Belgian consensus guideline on the management of anal fissures. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2024 Apr-Jun;87(2):304-321. doi: 10.51821/87.2.11787.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roelandt P., Bislenghi G., Coremans G. et al. Belgian consensus guideline on the management of anal fissures. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2024 Apr-Jun;87(2):304-321. doi: 10.51821/87.2.11787.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">All-Russian public organization “Association of Proctologists of Russia” [Clinical guidelines “Anal fissure”]. ID: 172. Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of Russia 2021. (in Russ.)@@ Клинические рекомендации «Анальная трещина» Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация колопроктологов России» ID: 172. Одобрено Научно-практическим Советом Минздрава России 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">All-Russian public organization “Association of Proctologists of Russia” [Clinical guidelines “Anal fissure”]. ID: 172. Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of Russia 2021. (in Russ.)@@ Клинические рекомендации «Анальная трещина» Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация колопроктологов России» ID: 172. Одобрено Научно-практическим Советом Минздрава России 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cross K.L.R., Brown S.R., Kleijnen J. et al. The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland guideline on the management of anal fissure. Colorectal Dis. 2023 Dec;25(12):2423-2457. doi: 10.1111/codi.16762.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cross K.L.R., Brown S.R., Kleijnen J. et al. The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland guideline on the management of anal fissure. Colorectal Dis. 2023 Dec;25(12):2423-2457. doi: 10.1111/codi.16762.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davids J.S., Hawkins A.T., Bhama A.R., Feinberg A.E., Grieco M.J., Lightner A.L., Feingold D.L., Paquette I.M.; Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Anal Fissures. Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Feb 1;66(2):190-199. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002664.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davids J.S., Hawkins A.T., Bhama A.R., Feinberg A.E., Grieco M.J., Lightner A.L., Feingold D.L., Paquette I.M.; Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Anal Fissures. Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Feb 1;66(2):190-199. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002664.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hananel N., Gordon P.H. Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Feb;40(2):229-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02054993.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hananel N., Gordon P.H. Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Feb;40(2):229-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02054993.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brillantino A., Iacobellis F., Izzo G., Di Martino N., Grassi R., Renzi A. Maintenance therapy with partially hydrolyzed guar gum in the conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:964942. doi: 10.1155/2014/964942.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brillantino A., Iacobellis F., Izzo G., Di Martino N., Grassi R., Renzi A. Maintenance therapy with partially hydrolyzed guar gum in the conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:964942. doi: 10.1155/2014/964942.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen S.L. Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence. J R Soc Med. 1987 May;80(5):296-8. doi: 10.1177/014107688708000513.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen S.L. Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence. J R Soc Med. 1987 May;80(5):296-8. doi: 10.1177/014107688708000513.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poskus T., Buzinskienė D., Drasutiene G. et al. Haemorrhoids and anal fissures during pregnancy and after childbirth: a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2014 Dec;121(13):1666-71. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12838.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poskus T., Buzinskienė D., Drasutiene G. et al. Haemorrhoids and anal fissures during pregnancy and after childbirth: a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2014 Dec;121(13):1666-71. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12838.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferdinande K., Dorreman Y., Roelens K., Ceelen W., De Looze D. Anorectal symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum: a prospective cohort study. Colorectal Dis. 2018 Dec;20(12):1109-1116. doi: 10.1111/codi.14324.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferdinande K., Dorreman Y., Roelens K., Ceelen W., De Looze D. Anorectal symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum: a prospective cohort study. Colorectal Dis. 2018 Dec;20(12):1109-1116. doi: 10.1111/codi.14324.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramowitz L., Sobhani I., Benifla J.L., Vuagnat A., Daraï E., Mignon M., Madelenat P. Anal fissure and thrombosed external hemorrhoids before and after delivery. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002 May;45(5):650-5. doi: 10.1007/s10350-004-6262-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramowitz L., Sobhani I., Benifla J.L., Vuagnat A., Daraï E., Mignon M., Madelenat P. Anal fissure and thrombosed external hemorrhoids before and after delivery. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002 May;45(5):650-5. doi: 10.1007/s10350-004-6262-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rybakova T.N., Nazarova L.V., Kovalenko M.S., Tuzlukov I.I.Comparative evaluation of functional constipation prevention methods in pregnant women. Gynecology. 2022;24(5):369-373. (in Russ.) doi: 10.26442/20795696.2022.5.201928.@@ Рыбакова Т.Н., Назарова Л.В., Коваленко М.С., Тузлуков И.И. Сравнительная оценка различных методов профилактики функциональных запоров у беременных. Гинекология. 2022;24(5):369-373. doi: 10.26442/20795696.2022.5.201928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybakova T.N., Nazarova L.V., Kovalenko M.S., Tuzlukov I.I.Comparative evaluation of functional constipation prevention methods in pregnant women. Gynecology. 2022;24(5):369-373. (in Russ.) doi: 10.26442/20795696.2022.5.201928.@@ Рыбакова Т.Н., Назарова Л.В., Коваленко М.С., Тузлуков И.И. Сравнительная оценка различных методов профилактики функциональных запоров у беременных. Гинекология. 2022;24(5):369-373. doi: 10.26442/20795696.2022.5.201928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gallo G., Martellucci J., Sturiale A. et al. Consensus statement of the Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR): management and treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. Tech Coloproctol. 2020 Feb;24(2):145-164. doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02149-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gallo G., Martellucci J., Sturiale A. et al. Consensus statement of the Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR): management and treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. Tech Coloproctol. 2020 Feb;24(2):145-164. doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02149-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramowitz L., Weyandt G.H., Havlickova B. et al. The diagnosis and management of haemorrhoidal disease from a global perspective. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 May;31 Suppl 1:1-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04278.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramowitz L., Weyandt G.H., Havlickova B. et al. The diagnosis and management of haemorrhoidal disease from a global perspective. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 May;31 Suppl 1:1-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04278.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alonso-Coello P., Guyatt G., Heels-Ansdell D., Johanson J.F., Lopez-Yarto M., Mills E., Zhou Q. Laxatives for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Oct 19;2005(4): CD004649. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004649.pub2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alonso-Coello P., Guyatt G., Heels-Ansdell D., Johanson J.F., Lopez-Yarto M., Mills E., Zhou Q. Laxatives for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Oct 19;2005(4): CD004649. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004649.pub2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garmanova T.N., Markaryan D.R., Kazachenko E.A., Lukianov A.M., Kazachenko M.A., Agapov M.A. A Multimodal Approach to Analgesia in Anorectal Surgery.Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2023;33(1):15-23. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-1-15-23.@@ Гарманова Т.Н., Маркарьян Д.Р., Казаченко Е.А., Лукьянов А.М., Казаченко М.А., Агапов М.А. Мультимодальный подход к обезболиванию в хирургии аноректальной области. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2023;33(1):15-23. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-1-15-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garmanova T.N., Markaryan D.R., Kazachenko E.A., Lukianov A.M., Kazachenko M.A., Agapov M.A. A Multimodal Approach to Analgesia in Anorectal Surgery.Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2023;33(1):15-23. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-1-15-23.@@ Гарманова Т.Н., Маркарьян Д.Р., Казаченко Е.А., Лукьянов А.М., Казаченко М.А., Агапов М.А. Мультимодальный подход к обезболиванию в хирургии аноректальной области. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2023;33(1):15-23. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-1-15-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ho C.Y., Majid H.A., Jamhuri N., Ahmad A.F., Selvarajoo T.A. Lower ileostomy output among patients with postoperative colorectal cancer after being supplemented with partially hydrolyzed guar gum: Outcome of a pilot study. Nutrition. 2022 Nov-Dec;103-104:111758. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111758.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ho C.Y., Majid H.A., Jamhuri N., Ahmad A.F., Selvarajoo T.A. Lower ileostomy output among patients with postoperative colorectal cancer after being supplemented with partially hydrolyzed guar gum: Outcome of a pilot study. Nutrition. 2022 Nov-Dec;103-104:111758. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111758.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belkaid Y., Hand T.W. Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation. Cell. 2014 Mar 27;157(1):121-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belkaid Y., Hand T.W. Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation. Cell. 2014 Mar 27;157(1):121-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christ A., Lauterbach M., Latz E. Western Diet and the Immune System: An Inflammatory Connection. Immunity. 2019 Nov 19;51(5):794-811. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.09.020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christ A., Lauterbach M., Latz E. Western Diet and the Immune System: An Inflammatory Connection. Immunity. 2019 Nov 19;51(5):794-811. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.09.020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narayanan S., Pitchumoni C.S. Dietary fiber //Geriatric gastroenterology. Cham. Springer International Publishing, 2021. pp. 765-779.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narayanan S., Pitchumoni C.S. Dietary fiber //Geriatric gastroenterology. Cham. Springer International Publishing, 2021. pp. 765-779.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Gastroenterology Organization Global Guidelines. Diet and the Gut. April 2018. Available at: http://www.worldgastroenterology.org/guidelines/global-guidelines/diet-and-the-gut (Accessed 05.02.2025)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Gastroenterology Organization Global Guidelines. Diet and the Gut. April 2018. Available at: http://www.worldgastroenterology.org/guidelines/global-guidelines/diet-and-the-gut (Accessed 05.02.2025)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
