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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-235-3-119-133</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3139</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЙ СИНДРОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METABOLIC SYNDROME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хронические заболевания печени как причина развития саркопении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic liver diseases as a cause of sarcopenia development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4114-5233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курмаев</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmaev</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0027-1786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булгакова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulgakova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">osteoporosis63@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-7252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тренева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Treneva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4531-9682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косарева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosareva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6243-6528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мерзлова</surname><given-names>П. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzlova</surname><given-names>P. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-4919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаронова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharonova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-6411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курмаев Д.П., Булгакова С.В., Тренева Е.В., Косарева О.В., Мерзлова П.Я., Шаронова Л.А., Долгих Ю.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курмаев Д.П., Булгакова С.В., Тренева Е.В., Косарева О.В., Мерзлова П.Я., Шаронова Л.А., Долгих Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurmaev D.P., Bulgakova S.V., Treneva E.V., Kosareva O.V., Merzlova P.Y., Sharonova L.A., Dolgikh Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3139">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3139</self-uri><abstract><p>Печень является крупным органом, масса которого превышает 1% массы тела человека. Печень участвует в обмене белков, жиров и углеводов, выполняет функции депо гликогена. Саркопения является известным осложнением хронического заболевания печени, и почти всегда наблюдается у пациентов с циррозом, особенно, у пациентов с декомпенсированным заболеванием. Представляет интерес исследование механизмов патогенеза печеночной патологии как причины развития саркопении. Нарушенный синтез белка скелетных мышц и повышенный протеолиз посредством аутофагии способствуют саркопении. Гипераммониемия является наиболее изученным медиатором оси печень-мышцы. На фоне гипераммониемии отмечается повышенная экспрессия миостатина, нарушение митохондриальной функции и промежуточных продуктов цикла трикарбоновых кислот. Нарушение гормонального равновесия организма, мальнутриция, недостаточность витаминов, хроническое воспаление, гиперметаболизм и инсулинорезистентность являются важными звеньями патогенеза хронических заболеваний печени. Саркопения встречается у большинства пациентов с заболеваниями печени. Эффективных методов профилактики или устранения саркопении при заболеваниях печени не существует. В этом обзоре обсуждаются основные механизмы патогенеза саркопении при хронических заболеваниях печени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The liver is a large organ, the mass of which exceeds 1% of the human body mass. The liver is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, and acts as a glycogen depot. Sarcopenia is a known complication of chronic liver disease, and is almost always observed in patients with cirrhosis, especially in patients with decompensated disease. It is of interest to study the mechanisms of pathogenesis of liver pathology as a cause of sarcopenia. Impaired synthesis of skeletal muscle protein and increased proteolysis by autophagy contribute to sarcopenia. Hyperammonemia is the most studied mediator of the liver-muscle axis. Against the background of hyperammonemia, increased expression of myostatin, impaired mitochondrial function and intermediate products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are noted. Hormonal imbalance in the body, malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, chronic inflammation, hypermetabolism and insulin resistance are important links in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. Sarcopenia occurs in the majority of patients with liver diseases. There are no effective methods to prevent or eliminate sarcopenia in liver diseases. This review discusses the main mechanisms of sarcopenia pathogenesis in chronic liver diseases. The liver is a large organ, the mass of which exceeds 1% of the human body mass. The liver is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, and acts as a glycogen depot. Sarcopenia is a known complication of chronic liver disease, and is almost always observed in patients with cirrhosis, especially in patients with decompensated disease. It is of interest to study the mechanisms of pathogenesis of liver pathology as a cause of sarcopenia. Impaired synthesis of skeletal muscle protein and increased proteolysis by autophagy contribute to sarcopenia. Hyperammonemia is the most studied mediator of the liver-muscle axis. Against the background of hyperammonemia, increased expression of myostatin, impaired mitochondrial function and intermediate products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are noted. Hormonal imbalance in the body, malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, chronic inflammation, hypermetabolism and insulin resistance are important links in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. Sarcopenia occurs in the majority of patients with liver diseases. There are no effective methods to prevent or eliminate sarcopenia in liver diseases. This review discusses the main mechanisms of sarcopenia pathogenesis in chronic liver diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>саркопения</kwd><kwd>белково-энергетическая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>депо гликогена</kwd><kwd>мальнутриция</kwd><kwd>хроническое воспаление</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>sarcopenia</kwd><kwd>protein-energy malnutrition</kwd><kwd>glycogen depot</kwd><kwd>malnutrition</kwd><kwd>chronic inflammation</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulgakova S.V., Dolgikh Y.A., Sharonova L.A. et al. Modern aspects of therapy of metabolic associated liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2024;(16):184-192. 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