nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-235-3-44-54nogr-3133Research ArticleМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЙ СИНДРОМMETABOLIC SYNDROMEНеочевидная близость между метаболическим синдромом, когнитивным дефицитом, астроцитарной дисфункцией и глимфатической активностью мозга: общие закономерности и связиUnexpected links between metabolic syndrome, cognitive deficit, astrocyte dysfunction and brain glymphatic activity: general patterns and relationshipshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7670-6566ШиролаповИ. В.ShirolapovI. V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-6195ЗахаровА. В.ZakharovA. V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-1958ПавловаО. Н.PavlovaO. N.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-4396-1065БорисоваО. В.BorisovaO. V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0027-1786БулгаковаС. В.BulgakovaS. V.osteoporosis63@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4114-5233КурмаевД. П.KurmaevD. P.noemail@neicon.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияSamara State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202529102025034454Copyright © Широлапов И.В., Захаров А.В., Павлова О.Н., Борисова О.В., Булгакова С.В., Курмаев Д.П., 20252025Широлапов И.В., Захаров А.В., Павлова О.Н., Борисова О.В., Булгакова С.В., Курмаев Д.П.Shirolapov I.V., Zakharov A.V., Pavlova O.N., Borisova O.V., Bulgakova S.V., Kurmaev D.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3133

Метаболический синдром традиционно ассоциируется с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, ожирением и диабетом 2-го типа и играет критическую роль в их развитии, одновременно с этим все больше рассматривается его причинно-следственная связь с формированием когнитивного дефицита и прогрессией нейродегенеративных расстройств. Длительная метаболическая дисрегуляция может вызывать изменение фенотипа и функциональной роли астроцитов, что проявляется нарушением гидродинамики мозга, субстратного обеспечения и взаимосвязей между нейронами, снижением глимфатического клиренса метаболитов, накоплением нейротоксических белков и в последующем ухудшением когнитивной продуктивности. Дисфункция астроцитов и прямое влияние на метаболическое снабжение нейронов, гомеостаз метаболитов мозга и процессы синаптической пластичности и функциональной активности нервных клеток может быть важным механизмом, открывающим уникальную возможность для модификации многих заболеваний, в том числе различных аспектов метаболического синдрома и нейродегенеративных процессов.

Metabolic syndrome is traditionally associated with cardiovascular diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes and plays a critical role in their development, while its causal relationship with the formation of cognitive deficit and the progression of neurodegenerative disorders is increasingly being considered. Long-term metabolic dysregulation can cause disruption of the phenotype and functional role of astrocytes, which is manifested by impaired brain hydrodynamics, substrate supply and interneuronal connections, decreased glymphatic clearance, accumulation of neurotoxic proteins and subsequent deterioration of cognitive performance. Dysfunction of astrocytes and direct influence on the metabolic supply of neurons, homeostasis of brain metabolites and processes of synaptic plasticity and functional activity of nerve cells can be an important mechanism that opens up a unique opportunity to modify many diseases, including various aspects of metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative processes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.