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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-179-186</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Преимущества и недостатки различных методов диагностики нарушений микробиоты кишечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Advantages and disadvantages of various methods for diagnosing intestinal microbiota disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огай</surname><given-names>М. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogay</surname><given-names>M. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-3813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоминых</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fominykh</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-0272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наджафова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadzhafova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kyamalyok@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>186</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Огай М..., Фоминых Ю.А., Наджафова К.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Огай М..., Фоминых Ю.А., Наджафова К.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ogay M..., Fominykh Y.A., Nadzhafova K.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3085">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3085</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются современные методы диагностики нарушений микробиоты кишечника, включая культуральные, молекулярно-генетические и хроматографические подходы. Подчёркиваются их преимущества и недостатки, а также клиническая значимость. Важным шагом стало принятие международного консенсуса, стандартизировавшего подходы к диагностике микробиома. В статье обосновывается необходимость выбора метода в зависимости от целей исследования и клинических условий, учитывая точность, доступность и стоимость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article explores modern methods for diagnosing gut microbiota disorders, including cultural, molecular-genetic, and chromatographic approaches. Their advantages, disadvantages, and clinical significance are highlighted. A significant milestone was the adoption of the international consensus standardizing microbiome diagnostic practices. The article emphasizes the need to select diagnostic methods based on research goals and clinical conditions, considering accuracy, availability, and cost.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>кишечник</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>метагеномика</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>gut</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>metagenomics</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanov D.O., Uspensky Yu.P., Gurova M.M., Fominykh Yu.A., Nadzhafova K.N. Microbiota, human intelligence and metabolic syndrome: pathogenetic parallels. University Therapeutic Journal. 2020; 2(1): 6-16. (in Russ.)@@ Иванов Д.О., Успенский Ю.П., Гурова М.М., Фоминых Ю.А., Наджафова К.Н. 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