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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-78-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3071</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние питания через гастростому на микробиом кишечника у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of nutrition through gastrostomy on the intestinal microbiome in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3871-0457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">u-piter@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8570-6772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-9698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завьялова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavyalova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1749-169X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисовский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisovsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3501-9660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисица</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisitsa</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6758-5381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пугин</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pugin</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-8231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4101-5958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качалова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachalova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-1709</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБСУ СО Дом-интернат для детей с отклонениями в умственном развитии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University Boarding School for Children with intellectual disabilities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова Ю.В., Смирнова К.И., Завьялова А.Н., Лисовский О.В., Лисица И.А., Пугин А.К., Новикова И.С., Качалова М.Н., Новикова В.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова Ю.В., Смирнова К.И., Завьялова А.Н., Лисовский О.В., Лисица И.А., Пугин А.К., Новикова И.С., Качалова М.Н., Новикова В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova Y.V., Smirnova K.I., Zavyalova A.N., Lisovsky O.V., Lisitsa I.A., Pugin A.K., Novikova I.S., Kachalova M.N., Novikova V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3071">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3071</self-uri><abstract><p>Для оценки влияния питания через гастростому на микробиом кишечника проведено нерандомизированное ретроспективное исследование 21 ребенка в возрасте от 0 до 17 лет. В ходе исследования сформированы 3 группы: в первую группу входили дети с длительностью питания через гастростому менее года, во вторую - более года, третья группа контрольная, в нее вошли дети, получающие питание через рот в соответствии с возрастными нормами. Выполнено 16S-секвенирование материала (кал) с последующим определением таксономических единиц микробиома кишечника и статистической обработкой полученных результатов. У пациентов 1 и 2 групп обнаружено снижение микробного разнообразия по сравнению с пациентами 3 группы. Представителей фил Euryarchaeota и Synergistota было достоверно больше в микробиоме кишки пациентов, получавших питание через гастростому. Бактерии филы Cyanobacteria, наоборот, более распространены в кишечнике детей, питавшихся через рот. Распространенность представителей класса Methanobacteria в фекальной микробиоте была значимо выше в группе гастростомированных детей. Обилие бактерий, принадлежащих к классам Campylobacteria, Fusobacteriia и Synergistia превалирует у пациентов, получавших питание через гастростому. Клиническое значение выявленных изменений требует дальнейших исследований. С одной стороны, Campylobacteria и Fusobacteriia являются условно-патогенными микроорганизмами и могут участвовать в развитии инфекционно-воспалительных процессов. С другой стороны, представители типов Euryarchaeota и Synergistota являются важными участника деградации белков, оказывают опосредованное противовоспалительное действие.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To assess the effect of gastrostomy feeding on the intestinal microbiome, a non-randomized retrospective study of 21 children aged 0 to 17 years was conducted. 3 groups were formed: the first group included children with a duration of gastrostomy feeding for less than a year, the second group - more than a year, and the third control group, which included children receiving oral feeding in accordance with age norms. 16S sequencing of the material (feces) was performed with subsequent determination of the taxonomic units of the intestinal microbiome and statistical processing of the results. Patients in groups 1 and 2 were found to have a decrease in microbial diversity compared to patients in group 3. Representatives of the phyla Euryarchaeota and Synergistota were significantly more common in intestinal microbiome of patients receiving gastrostomy feeding. Bacteria of the phylum Cyanobacteria, on the contrary, are more common in colon of children fed orally. The prevalence of representatives of the Methanobacteria class in the fecal microbiota was significantly higher in the group of children who received gastrostomy. The abundance of bacteria belonging to the Campylobacteria, Fusobacteriia and Synergistia classes was significantly higher in patients who received nutrition through a gastrostomy. The clinical significance of the identified changes requires further research. On the one hand, Campylobacteria and Fusobacteriia are opportunistic microorganisms and can participate in the development of infectious and inflammatory processes. On the other hand, representatives of the Euryarchaeota and Synergistota types are important participants in protein degradation and have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Микробиом кишечника</kwd><kwd>гастростома</kwd><kwd>Euryarchaeota</kwd><kwd>Synergistota</kwd><kwd>Methanobacteria</kwd><kwd>Campylobacteria</kwd><kwd>Fusobacteriia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Intestinal microbiome</kwd><kwd>gastrostomy</kwd><kwd>Euryarchaeota</kwd><kwd>Synergistota</kwd><kwd>Methanobacteria</kwd><kwd>Campylobacteria</kwd><kwd>Fusobacteriia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nikonov E.L. Microbiota. [Intestinal microbiota and its features depending on gender, age, race, eating habits and other factors]. Chapter 2. / (eds.) E.L. Nikonov and E.N. Popova. 2019. (in Russ.)@@ Никонов Е.Л. Микробиота. 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