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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-237-5-79-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3039</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная посегментарная молекулярно-генетическая оценка колоректального рака в содружестве эндоскопии и хирургии многопрофильной больницы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative segmental molecular genetic assessment of colorectal cancer in the community of endoscopy and surgery of a multidisciplinary hospital</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-8193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Короткевич</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkevich</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alkorot@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-5737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-3885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилина</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilina</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-8341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деменков</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demenkov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-9407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веряскина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veryaskina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4522-4174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маринич</surname><given-names>Я. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marinich</surname><given-names>Ya. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей - филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»; Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница им. А.А. Луцика</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors - branch of “Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education”; Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No. 29 named after A.A. Lutsik, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; АО «Вектор-Бест»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology SB RAS Russian Federation; AO “Vector- Best”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей - филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors - branch of “Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Russian Federation; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology SB RAS Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница № 1 имени Г.П. Курбатова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after G.P. Kurbatov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Короткевич А.Г., Титов С.Е., Жилина Н.М., Деменков П.С., Веряскина Ю.А., Маринич Я.Я., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Короткевич А.Г., Титов С.Е., Жилина Н.М., Деменков П.С., Веряскина Ю.А., Маринич Я.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korotkevich A.G., Titov S.E., Zhilina N.M., Demenkov P.S., Veryaskina Y.A., Marinich Y.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3039">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3039</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования явилась сравнительная оценка частоты посегментарного выявления раков толстой кишки при плановой эндоскопии с результатами хирургического лечения опухолевой кишечной непроходимости вместе с попарным молекулярно-генетическим анализом КРР и слизистой оболочки индексного сегмента толстой кишки с позиций изучения предраковых изменений. Материал и методы. В сплошном поперечном ретроспективном исследовании изучены результаты 3086 колоноскопий и 63 протоколов операций пациентов с опухолевой кишечной непроходимостью. В проспективном исследовании были изучены 401 клеточный образец: раков толстой кишки - 118, слизистой оболочки индексного сегмента - 114, нормальная слизистая - 169. Определяли относительные уровни экспрессии 9 миРНК-маркеров, связанных с развитием КРР: миР-135b-5p, -141-3p, -143-3p, -200a-3p, -20a-5p, -21-5p, -31-5p, -34a-5p, -92a-3p, в качестве референса для них использовалась малая ядерная РНК U6, а также миРНК-16-5p и -191-5p. Также оценивали мРНК генов: MUC2, CDX2, NOX1, LGR5, SMAD4, MS4A12, TIMP1, Ki-67, TERT с нормировкой на гены домашнего хозяйства PGK1и PUM1. Результаты. Общая частота выявления КРР при колоноскопии составила 4,93% (152 случая). При колоноскопии и при оперативных вмешательствах превалировали раки левой половины толстой кишки. Уровни экспрессии миРНК и белок-кодирующих генов в опухолях между сегментами толстой кишки значительно варьируют, что может скрывать некоторые закономерности, но позволяет говорить об уникальности каждого сегмента толстой кишки. Одинаковые уровни экспрессии в индексной слизистой оболочке и в раках выявлены для миРНК-200а в восходящей кишке, для миРНК-21 в прямой кишке, для миРНК-34а и LGR5 в левой половине. Опухоли разных сегментов толстой кишки оказались гетерогенны по изученным мутациям, однако, в слизистой оболочке разных сегментов толстой кишки такого разнообразия нет. Заключение. Полученные результаты позволяют говорить о необходимости расширения поиска предраковых изменений при колоноскопии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to compare the frequency of segmental detection of colon cancer during routine endoscopy with the results of surgical treatment of tumor intestinal obstruction together with paired molecular genetic analysis of CRC and the mucous membrane of the index segment of the colon from the standpoint of studying precancerous changes. Material and methods. In a continuous cross-sectional retrospective study, the results of 3086 colonoscopies and 63 surgical protocols of patients with tumor intestinal obstruction were studied. In a prospective study, 401 cell samples were studied: colon cancer - 118, index segment mucosa - 114, normal mucosa - 169. The relative expression levels of 9 miRNA markers associated with the development of CRC were determined: miR-135b-5p, -141-3p, -143-3p, -200a-3p, -20a-5p, -21-5p, -31-5p, -34a-5p, -92a-3p, small nuclear RNA U6, as well as miRNA-16-5p and -191-5p. The mRNA of the following genes was also assessed: MUC2, CDX2, NOX1, LGR5, SMAD4, MS4A12, TIMP1, Ki-67, TERT with normalization to the housekeeping genes PGK1 and PUM1. Results. The overall frequency of CRC detection during colonoscopy was 4.93% (152 cases). During colonoscopy and surgical interventions, cancers of the left half of the colon prevailed. The expression levels of miRNA and mRNA in tumors between colon segments vary significantly, which may hide some patterns, but allows us to talk about the uniqueness of each segment of the colon. The same expression levels in the index mucosa and in cancers were found for miRNA-200a in the ascending colon, for miRNA-21 in the rectum, for miRNA-34a and LGR5 in the left half. Tumors of different segments of the colon turned out to be heterogeneous in the studied mutations, however, there is no such diversity in the mucosa of different segments of the colon. Conclusion. The obtained results allow us to speak about the necessity of searching for precancerous changes during colonoscopy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>сегменты толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические изменения слизистой оболочки</kwd><kwd>экспрессия миРНК</kwd><kwd>экспрессия белок-кодирующих генов</kwd><kwd>мутации генов</kwd><kwd>предраковые изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>colon segments</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic changes in the mucous membrane</kwd><kwd>miRNA expression</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>gene mutations</kwd><kwd>precancerous changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang X.J., Wang W., Hann S.S.Interactions among lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNA in colorectal cancer. 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