<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-230-10-49-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-3000</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени и хроническая болезнь почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8844-2465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туркина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turkina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">turkina.vlg@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-7264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тыщенко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyshchenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3749-6076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титаренко</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titarenko</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туркина С.В., Тыщенко И.А., Титаренко М.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туркина С.В., Тыщенко И.А., Титаренко М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turkina S.V., Tyshchenko I.A., Titarenko M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3000">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/3000</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья представляет блок клинических рекомендаций по ведению пациентов с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени (НАЖБП), раздел по особенностям ведения пациентов с НАЖБП и сопутствующей хронической болезнью почек (ХБП). В статье представлены патогенетические связи формирования ХБП у пациентов с НАЖБП. Не вызывает сомнения факт тесной связи между НАЖБ, ХБП и развитием сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) в рамках гепато-кардио-ренального континуума. Приведены результаты большого количества многоцентровых исследований и метаанализов, демонстрирующих связь между данными заболеваниями. Рассмотрены основные направления диагностики и лечения данных состояний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presents a block of clinical recommendations for the management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a section on the features of management of patients with NAFLD and concomitant chronic kidney disease (CKD). The article presents the pathogenetic connections of the formation of CKD in patients with NAFLD. There is no doubt about the close relationship between NAFLD, CKD and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) within the hepato-cardio-renal continuum. The results of a large number of multicenter studies and meta-analyses demonstrating the relationship between these diseases are presented. The main directions of diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП)</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>кардио-метаболические факторы риска</kwd><kwd>гепато-кардио-ренальный континуум</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая смертность</kwd><kwd>метаболические нарушения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)</kwd><kwd>liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>cardio-metabolic risk factors</kwd><kwd>hepato-cardiorenal continuum</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular mortality</kwd><kwd>metabolic disorders</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazarus J.V., Mark H.E., Anstee Q.M. et al. NAFLD Consensus Consortium. Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19(1):60-78. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00523-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazarus J.V., Mark H.E., Anstee Q.M. et al. NAFLD Consensus Consortium. Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19(1):60-78. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00523-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teng M.L., Ng C.H., Huang D.Q. et al. Global incidence and prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023;29(Suppl): S32-S42. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0365.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teng M.L., Ng C.H., Huang D.Q. et al. Global incidence and prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023;29(Suppl): S32-S42. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0365.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Younossi Z.M., Golabi P., Paik J.M. et al. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023;77(4):1335-1347. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Younossi Z.M., Golabi P., Paik J.M. et al. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023;77(4):1335-1347. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazebnik L.B., Turkina S.V. NAFLD Associated Comorbidity. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2021;(10):5-13. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-194-10-5-13.@@ Лазебник Л.Б., Туркина С.В. НАЖБП-ассоциированная коморбидность. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2021;(10):5-13. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-194-10-5-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Turkina S.V. NAFLD Associated Comorbidity. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2021;(10):5-13. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-194-10-5-13.@@ Лазебник Л.Б., Туркина С.В. НАЖБП-ассоциированная коморбидность. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2021;(10):5-13. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-194-10-5-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovalic A.J., Cholankeril G., Satapathy S.K. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease: metabolic diseases with systemic manifestations. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4:65. doi: 10.21037/tgh.2019.08.09.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalic A.J., Cholankeril G., Satapathy S.K. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease: metabolic diseases with systemic manifestations. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4:65. doi: 10.21037/tgh.2019.08.09.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Targher G., Tilg H., Byrne C.D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6(7):578-588. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00020-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Targher G., Tilg H., Byrne C.D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6(7):578-588. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00020-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yasui K., Sumida Y., Mori Y. et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Metabolism. 2011;60(5):735-9. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.07.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yasui K., Sumida Y., Mori Y. et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Metabolism. 2011;60(5):735-9. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.07.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paik J., Golabi P., Younoszai Z. et al. Chronic kidney disease is independently associated with increased mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int. 2019;39:342-352. doi: 10.1111/liv.13992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paik J., Golabi P., Younoszai Z. et al. Chronic kidney disease is independently associated with increased mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int. 2019;39:342-352. doi: 10.1111/liv.13992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musso G., Gambino R., Tabibian J.H. et al. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2014 Jul 22;11(7): e1001680. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001680.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musso G., Gambino R., Tabibian J.H. et al. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2014 Jul 22;11(7): e1001680. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001680.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Zaza G., Byrne C.D. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism. 2018;79:64-76. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Zaza G., Byrne C.D. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism. 2018;79:64-76. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park H., Dawwas G.K., Liu X., Nguyen M.H. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident advanced chronic kidney disease: a propensity-matched cohort study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):711-722. doi: 10.1111/joim.1296.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park H., Dawwas G.K., Liu X., Nguyen M.H. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident advanced chronic kidney disease: a propensity-matched cohort study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):711-722. doi: 10.1111/joim.1296.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byrne C.D., Targher G. NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease. J Hepatol. 2020;72(4):785-801. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.01.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byrne C.D., Targher G. NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease. J Hepatol. 2020;72(4):785-801. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.01.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heda R., Yazawa M., Shi M. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver and chronic kidney disease: Retrospect, introspect, and prospect. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(17):1864-1882. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i17.1864.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heda R., Yazawa M., Shi M. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver and chronic kidney disease: Retrospect, introspect, and prospect. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(17):1864-1882. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i17.1864.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roderburg C., Krieg S., Krieg A. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Eur J Med Res. 2023;28(1):153. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01114-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roderburg C., Krieg S., Krieg A. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Eur J Med Res. 2023;28(1):153. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01114-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lonardo A. Association of NAFLD/NASH, and MAFLD/MASLD with chronic kidney disease: an updated narrative review. Metab Target Organ Damage. 2024;4:16. doi: 10.20517/mtod.2024.07.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lonardo A. Association of NAFLD/NASH, and MAFLD/MASLD with chronic kidney disease: an updated narrative review. Metab Target Organ Damage. 2024;4:16. doi: 10.20517/mtod.2024.07.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">[Chronic kidney disease (CKD)]. Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2024. ID: 469. (in Russ.)@@ Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП). Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ. ID: 469, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Chronic kidney disease (CKD)]. Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2024. ID: 469. (in Russ.)@@ Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП). Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ. ID: 469, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Targher G., Bertolini L., Rodella S. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetologia. 2008;51(3):444-50. doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0897-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Targher G., Bertolini L., Rodella S. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetologia. 2008;51(3):444-50. doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0897-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Targher G., Chonchol M., Bertolini L. et al. Increased risk of CKD among type 2 diabetics with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Aug;19(8):1564-70. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007101155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Targher G., Chonchol M., Bertolini L. et al. Increased risk of CKD among type 2 diabetics with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Aug;19(8):1564-70. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007101155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang Y., Ryu S., Sung E. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predicts chronic kidney disease in nonhypertensive and nondiabetic Korean men. Metabolism. 2008 Apr;57(4):569-76. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.11.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang Y., Ryu S., Sung E. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predicts chronic kidney disease in nonhypertensive and nondiabetic Korean men. Metabolism. 2008 Apr;57(4):569-76. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.11.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident chronic kidney disease: an updated meta-analysis. Gut. 2022;71(1):156-162. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323082.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident chronic kidney disease: an updated meta-analysis. Gut. 2022;71(1):156-162. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323082.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Csermely A., Petracca G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Nov;6(11):903-913. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00308-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Csermely A., Petracca G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Nov;6(11):903-913. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00308-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor R.S., Taylor R.J., Bayliss S. et al. Association Between Fibrosis Stage and Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology. 2020 May;158(6):1611-1625.e12. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor R.S., Taylor R.J., Bayliss S. et al. Association Between Fibrosis Stage and Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology. 2020 May;158(6):1611-1625.e12. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident diabetes mellitus: an updated meta-analysis of 501 022 adult individuals. Gut. 2021 May;70(5):962-969. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322572.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident diabetes mellitus: an updated meta-analysis of 501 022 adult individuals. Gut. 2021 May;70(5):962-969. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322572.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cai X., Sun L., Liu X. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021;12:20406223211024361. doi: 10.1177/20406223211024361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cai X., Sun L., Liu X. et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021;12:20406223211024361. doi: 10.1177/20406223211024361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang T.Y., Wang R.F., Bu Z.Y. et al. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2022;18(4):259-268. doi: 10.1038/s41581-021-00519-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang T.Y., Wang R.F., Bu Z.Y. et al. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2022;18(4):259-268. doi: 10.1038/s41581-021-00519-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liang Y., Chen H., Liu Y. et al. Association of MAFLD With Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A 4.6-Year Cohort Study in China. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(1):88-97. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab641.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang Y., Chen H., Liu Y. et al. Association of MAFLD With Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A 4.6-Year Cohort Study in China. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(1):88-97. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab641.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng Y., Zhao Q., Gong R. Association Between Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES 2017-2018. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021;14:1751-1761. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S292926.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng Y., Zhao Q., Gong R. Association Between Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES 2017-2018. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021;14:1751-1761. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S292926.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hashimoto Y., Hamaguchi M., Okamura T. et al. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. J Diabetes Investig. 2022;13(2):308-316. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13678.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hashimoto Y., Hamaguchi M., Okamura T. et al. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. J Diabetes Investig. 2022;13(2):308-316. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13678.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Lombardi R., Cattazzo F. et al. MAFLD and CKD: An Updated Narrative Review.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(13):7007. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Lombardi R., Cattazzo F. et al. MAFLD and CKD: An Updated Narrative Review.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(13):7007. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka M., Mori K., Takahashi S. et al. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease predicts new onset of chronic kidney disease better than fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2023;38(3):700-711. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfac188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka M., Mori K., Takahashi S. et al. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease predicts new onset of chronic kidney disease better than fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2023;38(3):700-711. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfac188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun D.Q., Jin Y., Wang T.Y. et al. MAFLD and risk of CKD. Metabolism. 2021;115:154433. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun D.Q., Jin Y., Wang T.Y. et al. MAFLD and risk of CKD. Metabolism. 2021;115:154433. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Su W., Chen M., Xiao L. et al. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic goal achievement with risk of chronic kidney disease. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1047794. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047794.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Su W., Chen M., Xiao L. et al. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic goal achievement with risk of chronic kidney disease. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1047794. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047794.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agustanti N., Soetedjo N.N.M., Damara F.A. et al. The association between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2023;17(5):102780. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agustanti N., Soetedjo N.N.M., Damara F.A. et al. The association between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2023;17(5):102780. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeung M.W., Wong G.L., Choi K.C. et al. Advanced liver fibrosis but not steatosis is independently associated with albuminuria in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. J Hepatol. 2017: S0168-8278(17)32334-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.09.020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeung M.W., Wong G.L., Choi K.C. et al. Advanced liver fibrosis but not steatosis is independently associated with albuminuria in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. J Hepatol. 2017: S0168-8278(17)32334-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.09.020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciardullo S., Ballabeni C., Trevisan R. et al. Albuminuria and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with NAFLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomolecules. 2022;12(1):105. doi: 10.3390/biom12010105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ciardullo S., Ballabeni C., Trevisan R. et al. Albuminuria and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with NAFLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomolecules. 2022;12(1):105. doi: 10.3390/biom12010105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krasner Ya.A., Osipenko M.F., Holin S.I., Litvinova N.V. Chronic kidney disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - new pathogenetic links. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2023;(4):140-144. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-140-144.@@ Краснер Я.А., Осипенко М.Ф., Холин С.И., Литвинова Н.В. Хроническая болезнь почек и неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени - новые патогенетические взаимосвязи. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2023;(4):140-144. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-140-144.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasner Ya.A., Osipenko M.F., Holin S.I., Litvinova N.V. Chronic kidney disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - new pathogenetic links. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2023;(4):140-144. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-140-144.@@ Краснер Я.А., Осипенко М.Ф., Холин С.И., Литвинова Н.В. Хроническая болезнь почек и неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени - новые патогенетические взаимосвязи. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2023;(4):140-144. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-140-144.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Agati V.D., Chagnac A., de Vries A.P. et al. Obesity-related glomerulopathy: clinical and pathologic characteristics and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;12(8):453-71. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2016.75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Agati V.D., Chagnac A., de Vries A.P. et al. Obesity-related glomerulopathy: clinical and pathologic characteristics and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;12(8):453-71. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2016.75.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lonardo A., Byrne C.D., Targher G. Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going? Metab Target Organ Damage. 2021;1:3. doi: 10.20517/mtod.2021.03.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lonardo A., Byrne C.D., Targher G. Precision medicine approaches in metabolic disorders and target organ damage: where are we now, and where are we going? Metab Target Organ Damage. 2021;1:3. doi: 10.20517/mtod.2021.03.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musso G., Cassader M., Cohney S. et al, Emerging Liver- Kidney Interactions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Mol. Med. 2015;21(10):645-662. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.08.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musso G., Cassader M., Cohney S. et al, Emerging Liver- Kidney Interactions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Mol. Med. 2015;21(10):645-662. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.08.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cusi K. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes: A Call to Action. Diabetes Spectr. 2024;37(1):5-7. doi: 10.2337/dsi23-0015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cusi K. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes: A Call to Action. Diabetes Spectr. 2024;37(1):5-7. doi: 10.2337/dsi23-0015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar M., Dev S., Khalid M.U. et al. The Bidirectional Link Between Diabetes and Kidney Disease: Mechanisms and Management. Cureus. 2023;15(9): e45615. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45615.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar M., Dev S., Khalid M.U. et al. The Bidirectional Link Between Diabetes and Kidney Disease: Mechanisms and Management. Cureus. 2023;15(9): e45615. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45615.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wasilewska N., Lebensztejn D.M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and lipotoxicity. Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021;7(1):1-6. doi: 10.5114/ceh.2021.104441.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wasilewska N., Lebensztejn D.M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and lipotoxicity. Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021;7(1):1-6. doi: 10.5114/ceh.2021.104441.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Branković M., Jovanović I., Dukić M. et al. Lipotoxicity as the Leading Cause of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(9):5146. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Branković M., Jovanović I., Dukić M. et al. Lipotoxicity as the Leading Cause of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(9):5146. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095146.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren L., Cui H., Wang Y. et al. The role of lipotoxicity in kidney disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;161:114465. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren L., Cui H., Wang Y. et al. The role of lipotoxicity in kidney disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;161:114465. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang T.N., Chen X., Li R. et al. SREBP-1 Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced TGF-β1 Upregulation and Glomerular Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26(8):1839-54. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013121332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang T.N., Chen X., Li R. et al. SREBP-1 Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced TGF-β1 Upregulation and Glomerular Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26(8):1839-54. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013121332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ke Q., Yuan Q., Qin N. et al. UCP2-induced hypoxia promotes lipid accumulation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis during ischemic kidney injury. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(1):26. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-2219-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ke Q., Yuan Q., Qin N. et al. UCP2-induced hypoxia promotes lipid accumulation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis during ischemic kidney injury. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(1):26. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-2219-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng K.I., Fan J.G., Shi J.P. et al. From NAFLD to MAFLD: a “redefining” moment for fatty liver disease. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(19):2271-2273. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000981.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng K.I., Fan J.G., Shi J.P. et al. From NAFLD to MAFLD: a “redefining” moment for fatty liver disease. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(19):2271-2273. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000981.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stefan N., Häring H.U. The role of hepatokines in metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013;9(3):144-52. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2012.258.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stefan N., Häring H.U. The role of hepatokines in metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013;9(3):144-52. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2012.258.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meex R.C.R., Watt M.J. Hepatokines: linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017;13(9):509-520. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meex R.C.R., Watt M.J. Hepatokines: linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017;13(9):509-520. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen-Cody S.O., Potthoff M.J. Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver. Mol Metab. 2021;44:101138. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen-Cody S.O., Potthoff M.J. Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver. Mol Metab. 2021;44:101138. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gehrke N., Schattenberg J.M. Metabolic Inflammation-A Role for Hepatic Inflammatory Pathways as Drivers of Comorbidities in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? Gastroenterology. 2020;158(7):1929-1947.e6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gehrke N., Schattenberg J.M. Metabolic Inflammation-A Role for Hepatic Inflammatory Pathways as Drivers of Comorbidities in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? Gastroenterology. 2020;158(7):1929-1947.e6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihai S., Codrici E., Popescu I.D. et al. Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome. J Immunol Res. 2018 Sep 6;2018:2180373. doi: 10.1155/2018/2180373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihai S., Codrici E., Popescu I.D. et al. Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome. J Immunol Res. 2018 Sep 6;2018:2180373. doi: 10.1155/2018/2180373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazebnik L.B., Turkina S.V. Enterohepatocentrism as the basis of human psychosomatic pathology. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2023;(8):9-23. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-216-8-9-23.@@ Лазебник Л.Б., Туркина С.В. Энтерогепатоцентризм как основа психосоматической патологии человека. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2023;(8):9-23. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-216-8-9-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Turkina S.V. Enterohepatocentrism as the basis of human psychosomatic pathology. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2023;(8):9-23. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-216-8-9-23.@@ Лазебник Л.Б., Туркина С.В. Энтерогепатоцентризм как основа психосоматической патологии человека. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2023;(8):9-23. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-216-8-9-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raj D., Tomar B., Lahiri A., Mulay S.R. The gut-liver-kidney axis: Novel regulator of fatty liver associated chronic kidney disease. Pharmacol Res. 2020;152:104617. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104617.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raj D., Tomar B., Lahiri A., Mulay S.R. The gut-liver-kidney axis: Novel regulator of fatty liver associated chronic kidney disease. Pharmacol Res. 2020;152:104617. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104617.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y.Y., Chen D.Q., Chen L. et al. Microbiome-metabolome reveals the contribution of gut-kidney axis on kidney disease. J Transl Med. 2019;17(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12967-018-1756-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y.Y., Chen D.Q., Chen L. et al. Microbiome-metabolome reveals the contribution of gut-kidney axis on kidney disease. J Transl Med. 2019;17(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12967-018-1756-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evenepoel P., Poesen R., Meijers B. The gut-kidney axis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017;32(11):2005-2014. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3527-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evenepoel P., Poesen R., Meijers B. The gut-kidney axis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017;32(11):2005-2014. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3527-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rukavina Mikusic N.L., Kouyoumdzian N.M., Choi M.R. Gut microbiota and chronic kidney disease: evidences and mechanisms that mediate a new communication in the gastrointestinal-renal axis. Pflugers Arch. 2020;472(3):303-320. doi: 10.1007/s00424-020-02352-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rukavina Mikusic N.L., Kouyoumdzian N.M., Choi M.R. Gut microbiota and chronic kidney disease: evidences and mechanisms that mediate a new communication in the gastrointestinal-renal axis. Pflugers Arch. 2020;472(3):303-320. doi: 10.1007/s00424-020-02352-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaziri N.D., Goshtasbi N., Yuan J. et al. Uremic plasma impairs barrier function and depletes the tight junction protein constituents of intestinal epithelium. Am J Nephrol. 2012;36(5):438-43. doi: 10.1159/000343886.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaziri N.D., Goshtasbi N., Yuan J. et al. Uremic plasma impairs barrier function and depletes the tight junction protein constituents of intestinal epithelium. Am J Nephrol. 2012;36(5):438-43. doi: 10.1159/000343886.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun C.Y., Chang S.C., Wu M.S. Uremic toxins induce kidney fibrosis by activating intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One. 2012;7(3): e34026. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034026.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun C.Y., Chang S.C., Wu M.S. Uremic toxins induce kidney fibrosis by activating intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One. 2012;7(3): e34026. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang Z., Yu S., Pan Y. The gut microbiome tango in the progression of chronic kidney disease and potential therapeutic strategies. J Transl Med. 2023;21(1):689. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04455-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang Z., Yu S., Pan Y. The gut microbiome tango in the progression of chronic kidney disease and potential therapeutic strategies. J Transl Med. 2023;21(1):689. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04455-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bennett B.J., de Aguiar Vallim T.Q., Wang Z. et al. Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. Cell Metab. 2013;17(1):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bennett B.J., de Aguiar Vallim T.Q., Wang Z. et al. Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. Cell Metab. 2013;17(1):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stofan M., Guo G.L. Bile Acids and FXR: Novel Targets for Liver Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:544. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stofan M., Guo G.L. Bile Acids and FXR: Novel Targets for Liver Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:544. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clifford B.L., Sedgeman L.R., Williams K.J. et al. FXR activation protects against NAFLD via bile-acid-dependent reductions in lipid absorption. Cell Metab. 2021;33(8):1671-1684.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clifford B.L., Sedgeman L.R., Williams K.J. et al. FXR activation protects against NAFLD via bile-acid-dependent reductions in lipid absorption. Cell Metab. 2021;33(8):1671-1684.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D.H., Park J.S., Choi H.I. et al. The critical role of FXR is associated with the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in the progression of AKI to CKD. Cell Death Dis. 2021;12(4):320. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-03620-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D.H., Park J.S., Choi H.I. et al. The critical role of FXR is associated with the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in the progression of AKI to CKD. Cell Death Dis. 2021;12(4):320. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-03620-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byrne C.D. The Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2022;18(9):549-552.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byrne C.D. The Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2022;18(9):549-552.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A., Schmid C.H. et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150(9): 604-12. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A., Schmid C.H. et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150(9): 604-12. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A. Estimating GFR using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) creatinine equation: more accurate GFR estimates, lower CKD prevalence estimates, and better risk predictions. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 55(4): 622-7. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.02.337.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A. Estimating GFR using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) creatinine equation: more accurate GFR estimates, lower CKD prevalence estimates, and better risk predictions. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 55(4): 622-7. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.02.337.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Gorman P., Naimimohasses S., Monaghan A. et al. Improvement in histological endpoints of MAFLD following a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;52(8):1387-1398. doi: 10.1111/apt.15989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Gorman P., Naimimohasses S., Monaghan A. et al. Improvement in histological endpoints of MAFLD following a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;52(8):1387-1398. doi: 10.1111/apt.15989.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Afshinnia F., Wilt T.J., Duval S. et al. Weight loss and proteinuria: systematic review of clinical trials and comparative cohorts. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(4):1173-83. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfp640.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afshinnia F., Wilt T.J., Duval S. et al. Weight loss and proteinuria: systematic review of clinical trials and comparative cohorts. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(4):1173-83. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfp640.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwasinger-Schmidt T.E., Elhomsy G., Paull-Forney B.G. Impact of a Community-Based Weight Loss Program on Renal Function. Cureus 2020; 12(5): e8101. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwasinger-Schmidt T.E., Elhomsy G., Paull-Forney B.G. Impact of a Community-Based Weight Loss Program on Renal Function. Cureus 2020; 12(5): e8101. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibrahim A.A., Althomali O.W., Atyia M.R. et al. A systematic review of trials investigating the efficacy of exercise training for functional capacity and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients.Int Urol Nephrol. 2022;54: 289-298. doi: 10.1007/s11255-021-02917-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibrahim A.A., Althomali O.W., Atyia M.R. et al. A systematic review of trials investigating the efficacy of exercise training for functional capacity and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients.Int Urol Nephrol. 2022;54: 289-298. doi: 10.1007/s11255-021-02917-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leehey D.J., Collins E., Kramer H.J. et al. Structured Exercise in Obese Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Nephrol. 2016;44(1):54-62. doi: 10.1159/000447703.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leehey D.J., Collins E., Kramer H.J. et al. Structured Exercise in Obese Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Nephrol. 2016;44(1):54-62. doi: 10.1159/000447703.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun D.Q., Targher G., Byrne C.D. et al. An international Delphi consensus statement on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and risk of chronic kidney disease. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2023 Jun 1;12(3):386-403. doi: 10.21037/hbsn-22-421.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun D.Q., Targher G., Byrne C.D. et al. An international Delphi consensus statement on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and risk of chronic kidney disease. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2023 Jun 1;12(3):386-403. doi: 10.21037/hbsn-22-421.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">[Arterial hypertension in adults] Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2024. 220 р. (in Russ.) Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/62_3 (Accessed: 05.10.2024.)@@ Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ 2024. ID 62. 220 с. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/62_3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Arterial hypertension in adults] Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2024. 220 р. (in Russ.) Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/62_3 (Accessed: 05.10.2024.)@@ Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ 2024. ID 62. 220 с. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/62_3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orlic L., Mikolasevic I., Lukenda V. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the renin-angiotensin system blockers in the patients with chronic kidney disease. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2015;127(9-10):355-62. doi: 10.1007/s00508-014-0661-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlic L., Mikolasevic I., Lukenda V. et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the renin-angiotensin system blockers in the patients with chronic kidney disease. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2015;127(9-10):355-62. doi: 10.1007/s00508-014-0661-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pelusi S., Petta S., Rosso C. et al. Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes and Fibrosis Progression: An Observational Study in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PLoS One. 2016;11(9): e0163069. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pelusi S., Petta S., Rosso C. et al. Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes and Fibrosis Progression: An Observational Study in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PLoS One. 2016;11(9): e0163069. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X., Wong G.L., Yip T.C. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors prevent liver-related events in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2022;76(2):469-482. doi: 10.1002/hep.32294.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X., Wong G.L., Yip T.C. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors prevent liver-related events in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2022;76(2):469-482. doi: 10.1002/hep.32294.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paschos P., Tziomalos K. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the renin-angiotensin system: Implications for treatment. World J Hepatol. 2012;4(12):327-31. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i12.327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paschos P., Tziomalos K. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the renin-angiotensin system: Implications for treatment. World J Hepatol. 2012;4(12):327-31. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i12.327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh S., Khera R., Allen A.M. et al.Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2015;62(5):1417-32. doi: 10.1002/hep.27999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh S., Khera R., Allen A.M. et al.Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2015;62(5):1417-32. doi: 10.1002/hep.27999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panigrahi M.K., Anirvan P. Letter to the editor: Using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to prevent liver-related events in NAFLD-Revisiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways. Hepatology. 2022;76(2): E32-E33. doi: 10.1002/hep.32432.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panigrahi M.K., Anirvan P. Letter to the editor: Using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to prevent liver-related events in NAFLD-Revisiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways. Hepatology. 2022;76(2): E32-E33. doi: 10.1002/hep.32432.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y., Xu H., Wu W. et al. Clinical application of angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2018;9(35):24155-24167. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23816.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y., Xu H., Wu W. et al. Clinical application of angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2018;9(35):24155-24167. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23816.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit82"><label>82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Metabolites. 2021;11(2):73. doi: 10.3390/metabo11020073.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Beatrice G. et al. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Metabolites. 2021;11(2):73. doi: 10.3390/metabo11020073.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit83"><label>83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">von Scholten B.J., Kreiner F.F., Rasmussen S. et al. The potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: from randomised trials to clinical practice. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2022;13:20420188221112490. doi: 10.1177/20420188221112490.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Scholten B.J., Kreiner F.F., Rasmussen S. et al. The potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: from randomised trials to clinical practice. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2022;13:20420188221112490. doi: 10.1177/20420188221112490.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit84"><label>84</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators. Effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a prespecified analysis from the DAPA-CKD trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021; 9(1): 22-31. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30369-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators. Effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a prespecified analysis from the DAPA-CKD trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021; 9(1): 22-31. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30369-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit85"><label>85</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nuffield Department of Population Health Renal Studies Group; SGLT2 inhibitor Meta-Analysis Cardio-Renal Trialists” Consortium. Impact of diabetes on the effects of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes: collaborative meta-analysis of large placebo-controlled trials. Lancet 2022; 400(10365): 1788-1801. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02074-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nuffield Department of Population Health Renal Studies Group; SGLT2 inhibitor Meta-Analysis Cardio-Renal Trialists” Consortium. Impact of diabetes on the effects of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes: collaborative meta-analysis of large placebo-controlled trials. Lancet 2022; 400(10365): 1788-1801. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02074-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit86"><label>86</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsai W.C., Hsu S.P., Chiu Y.L. et al. Cardiovascular and renal efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2022; 12(10): e060655. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060655.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsai W.C., Hsu S.P., Chiu Y.L. et al. Cardiovascular and renal efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2022; 12(10): e060655. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060655.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit87"><label>87</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rong Xu, Difei Lian, Yan Xie et al. SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review. Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed). 2023, 28(7), 134. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2807134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rong Xu, Difei Lian, Yan Xie et al. SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review. Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed). 2023, 28(7), 134. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2807134.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit88"><label>88</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Csermely A. et al. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Metabolites. 2020;11(1):22. doi: 10.3390/metabo11010022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Petracca G., Csermely A. et al. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Metabolites. 2020;11(1):22. doi: 10.3390/metabo11010022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit89"><label>89</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gansevoort R.T., Correa-Rotter R., Hemmelgarn B.R. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention. Lancet. 2013;382(9889):339-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60595-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gansevoort R.T., Correa-Rotter R., Hemmelgarn B.R. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention. Lancet. 2013;382(9889):339-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60595-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit90"><label>90</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saeed D., Reza T., Shahzad M.W. et al. Navigating the Crossroads: Understanding the Link Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Health. Cureus. 2023;15(12): e51362. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saeed D., Reza T., Shahzad M.W. et al. Navigating the Crossroads: Understanding the Link Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Health. Cureus. 2023;15(12): e51362. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit91"><label>91</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manjunath G., Tighiouart H., Ibrahim H. et al. Level of kidney function as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02663-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manjunath G., Tighiouart H., Ibrahim H. et al. Level of kidney function as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02663-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit92"><label>92</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tunnicliffe D.J., Palmer S.C., Cashmore B.A. et al. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;11(11): CD007784. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007784.pub3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tunnicliffe D.J., Palmer S.C., Cashmore B.A. et al. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;11(11): CD007784. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007784.pub3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit93"><label>93</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Chen Z., Qiu Y. et al. Statins Have an Anti-Inflammation in CKD Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Biomed Res Int. 2022 Oct 22;2022:4842699. doi: 10.1155/2022/4842699.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Chen Z., Qiu Y. et al. Statins Have an Anti-Inflammation in CKD Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Biomed Res Int. 2022 Oct 22;2022:4842699. doi: 10.1155/2022/4842699.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit94"><label>94</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sanguankeo A., Upala S., Cheungpasitporn W. et al. Effects of Statins on Renal Outcome in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(7): e0132970. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132970.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanguankeo A., Upala S., Cheungpasitporn W. et al. Effects of Statins on Renal Outcome in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(7): e0132970. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132970.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit95"><label>95</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martin A., Lang S., Goeser T. et al. Management of Dyslipidemia in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2022;24(7):533-546. doi: 10.1007/s11883-022-01028-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martin A., Lang S., Goeser T. et al. Management of Dyslipidemia in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2022;24(7):533-546. doi: 10.1007/s11883-022-01028-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit96"><label>96</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ho A., Kiener T., Nguyen Q.N., Le Q.A. Effect of statin use on liver enzymes and lipid profile in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). J Clin Lipidol. 2024 Jul-Aug;18(4): e501-e508. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.03.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ho A., Kiener T., Nguyen Q.N., Le Q.A. Effect of statin use on liver enzymes and lipid profile in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). J Clin Lipidol. 2024 Jul-Aug;18(4): e501-e508. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.03.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit97"><label>97</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou H., Toshiyoshi M., Zhao W. et al. Statins on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 RCTs. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(26): e33981. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033981.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou H., Toshiyoshi M., Zhao W. et al. Statins on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 RCTs. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(26): e33981. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033981.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit98"><label>98</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayada I., van Kleef L.A., Zhang H. et al. Dissecting the multifaceted impact of statin use on fatty liver disease: a multidimensional study. EBioMedicine. 2023;87:104392. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104392.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ayada I., van Kleef L.A., Zhang H. et al. Dissecting the multifaceted impact of statin use on fatty liver disease: a multidimensional study. EBioMedicine. 2023;87:104392. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104392.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit99"><label>99</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pastori D., Pani A., Di Rocco A. et al. Statin liver safety in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and metanalysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2022;88(2):441-451. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14943.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pastori D., Pani A., Di Rocco A. et al. Statin liver safety in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and metanalysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2022;88(2):441-451. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14943.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit100"><label>100</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nascimbeni F., Pellegrini E., Lugari S. et al. Statins and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the era of precision medicine: More friends than foes. Atherosclerosis. 2019;284:66-74. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nascimbeni F., Pellegrini E., Lugari S. et al. Statins and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the era of precision medicine: More friends than foes. Atherosclerosis. 2019;284:66-74. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit101"><label>101</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">[Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults]. Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2022. ID 290. (in Russ.)@@ Сахарный диабет 2 типа у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ. ID 290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults]. Clinical guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2022. ID 290. (in Russ.)@@ Сахарный диабет 2 типа у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения РФ. ID 290.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit102"><label>102</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zelniker T.A., Wiviott S.D., Raz I. et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet 2019; 393(10166): 31-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zelniker T.A., Wiviott S.D., Raz I. et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet 2019; 393(10166): 31-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit103"><label>103</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seidu S., Kunutsor S.K., Cos X. et al. SGLT2 inhibitors and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes with or without renal impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes. 2018; 12(3): 265-283. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.02.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seidu S., Kunutsor S.K., Cos X. et al. SGLT2 inhibitors and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes with or without renal impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes. 2018; 12(3): 265-283. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.02.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit104"><label>104</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toyama T., Neuen B.L., Jun M. et al. Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular, renal and safety outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019; 21(5): 1237-1250. doi: 10.1111/dom.13648.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toyama T., Neuen B.L., Jun M. et al. Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular, renal and safety outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019; 21(5): 1237-1250. doi: 10.1111/dom.13648.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit105"><label>105</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feng C., Wu M., Chen Z. et al. Effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Int Urol Nephrol. 2019; 51(4): 655-669. doi: 10.1007/s11255-019-02112-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feng C., Wu M., Chen Z. et al. Effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Int Urol Nephrol. 2019; 51(4): 655-669. doi: 10.1007/s11255-019-02112-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit106"><label>106</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qiu M., Ding L.L., Wei X.B. et al.Comparative efficacy of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000916.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qiu M., Ding L.L., Wei X.B. et al.Comparative efficacy of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000916.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit107"><label>107</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kristensen S.L., Rørth R., Jhund P.S. et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7(10): 776-785. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30249-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kristensen S.L., Rørth R., Jhund P.S. et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7(10): 776-785. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30249-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
