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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-229-9-96-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-2891</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метаболически-ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени у худых пациентов. Проблемы диагностики и лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease in lean patients. Diagnostic and treatment challenges</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4045-0245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заботина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabotina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zabotina_vir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4606-6852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабарова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabarova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2629-0896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стукова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stukova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Клиника Фомина Мичуринский»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Fomina Michurinsky Clinic LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заботина Е.Е., Хабарова Ю.А., Стукова Н.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заботина Е.Е., Хабарова Ю.А., Стукова Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabotina E.E., Khabarova Y.A., Stukova N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2891">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2891</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Метаболически-ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени (МАЖБП) занимает первое место среди всех заболеваний печени с тенденцией к дальнейшему росту заболеваемости. Пациенты с МАЖБП и нормальным весом являются особой когортой, трудной для диагностики и лечения. Цель исследования: анализ литературы по теме патогенеза, прогноза заболевания и тактике ведения худых пациентов с МАЖБП. Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск литературных источников в базах данных PubMed и Google Scholar, посвященных НАЖБП или МАЖБП, в том числе у взрослых пациентов с индексом массы тела менее 25 кг/м2 для общей популяции и менее 23 кг/м2 для азиатской популяции. Обсуждение. МАЖБП наблюдается преимущественно у лиц с ожирением и/или сахарным диабетом 2 типа, но 7%-20% пациентов с МАЖБП имеют нормальный вес. Это особый фенотип заболевания со сложным патогенезом, включающим висцеральное ожирение, саркопению, генетический полиморфизм, измененный профиль микробиоты и поведенческие факторы. Худые пациенты с МАЖБП имеют высокую распространенность метаболических нарушений (артериальная гипертензия, дислипидемия, сахарный диабет 2 типа), а также повышенную смертность от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, заболеваний печени и всех причин, по сравнению со здоровыми людьми. У них может развиться тот же спектр поражения печени (стеатогепатит, фиброз, цирроз), что и у лиц с МАЖБП и ожирением. В статье рассмотрены диагностические подходы при МАЖБП у худых, требующие исключения альтернативных причин стеатоза, а также выявления групп риска прогрессирующего поражения печени. Обсуждены проблемные аспекты лечения: отсутствие эффективной медикаментозной терапии, необходимость модификации метаболических факторов и образа жизни. Заключение. Полученные данные не позволяют считать МАЖБП у худых доброкачественным заболеванием. В данной когорте необходимо проводить диагностику стадии поражения печени и ранний скрининг кардиометаболических нарушений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) became the first pathology among all liver diseases with a tendency for further increase in incidence. Patients with MASLD and normal weight are a special cohort that is difficult to diagnose and treat. The purpose: to analyze the literature about pathogenesis, prognosis of the disease and management of lean patients with MASLD. Materials and methods. The search of the literature devoted to NAFLD or MASLD was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, these articles included adult patients with a body mass index of less than 25 kg/m2 for the general population and less than 23 kg/m2 for the Asian population. Discussion. MASLD is observed mainly in individuals with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus, but 7%-20% of patients with MASLD have a normal weight. This is a specific disease phenotype with a complex pathogenesis including visceral obesity, sarcopenia, genetic polymorphism, altered microbiota profile and behavioral factors. Lean patients with MASLD have a high prevalence of metabolic disorders (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus) and increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases and all causes, compared with healthy people. They can develop the same spectrum of liver damage (steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis) as individuals with MASLD and obesity. The article describes diagnostic approaches for MASLD in lean people, requiring the exclusion of alternative causes of steatosis, as well as the high risk groups identification. The treatment challenges are the lack of effective pharmacological therapy, the necessity of metabolic factors and lifestyle modification. Conclusion. The obtained data do not allow us to consider MASLD in lean patients as a benign disease. In this cohort, it is necessary to diagnose the stage of liver damage and to screen for cardiometabolic disorders early.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболически-ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>худой пациент</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease</kwd><kwd>non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>lean patient</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL); European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD); European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO); European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). 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