nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-229-9-63-70nogr-2887Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯCLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGYАссоциация микробиоты кишечника и факторов иммунологической реактивности при ожирении у лиц молодого возрастаFeatures of changes in nonspecific factors of immunological reactivity in obesityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6329-593XДушинаТ. С.DushinaT. S.dr.dushina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-4084СуплотовС. Н.SuplotovS. N.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-3859КляшевС. М.KlyashevS. M.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9253-8075СуплотоваЛ. А.SuplotovaL. A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4801-7763ЮжаковаН. Ю.YuzhakovaN. I.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО Тюменский государственный медицинский университет МЗ РФРоссияTyumen State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202406032025096370Copyright © Душина Т.С., Суплотов С.Н., Кляшев С.М., Суплотова Л.А., Южакова Н.Ю., 20252025Душина Т.С., Суплотов С.Н., Кляшев С.М., Суплотова Л.А., Южакова Н.Ю.Dushina T.S., Suplotov S.N., Klyashev S.M., Suplotova L.A., Yuzhakova N.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2887

Цель исследования. Оценить особенности взаимосвязи состава микробиоты толстой кишки и факторов иммунологической реактивности при ожирении у лиц молодого возраста. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 87 человек с ожирением (ИМТ 37,2 [34,1; 42,05] кг/м2) и 31 человек с нормальной массой тела (ИМТ 21,9 [20,2; 23,5] кг/м2). Участникам проведено исследование показателей липидного обмена, клеточных и гуморальных факторов иммунологической реактивности, определен состав микробиоты толстой кишки. Для статистических расчетов был использован пакет прикладных программ Microsoft Exel 2010, IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. Результаты оценивались, как статистически значимые при уровне р<0,05. Результаты. При анализе микробиоты в группе ожирения по сравнению с группой контроля, выявлено статистически значимое снижение количества бактерий Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, повышение количества бактерий Prevotella spp и Fusobacterium nucleatum. Выявлены ассоциации данных микроорганизмов с параметрами неспецифической и специфической иммунологической реактивности. В частности, определена корреляционная связь Prevоtellа spp с СРБ плазмы, НСТ-спонтанной активностью нейтрофилов и с индексом стимуляции НСТ-теста нейтрофилов. A. muciniphila коррелировала с МСР-1 а F. nucleatum - с Ig M. Большое количество корреляций с показателями иммунологической реактивности выявлено у F. prausnitzii. Так, F. prausnitzii коррелировала с НСТ-индуцированной активностью моноцитов (%), НСТ-индуцированной активностью нейтрофилов (%), фагоцитарной активностью нейтрофилов (%), фагоцитарным числом нейтрофилов, фагоцитарным числом моноцитов, T-NK лимфоцитами (CD3+16+56+) (%; кл/мкл), Т-лимфоцитами с фенотипом CD3+25+ (%; кл/мкл) и Т-лимфоцитами с фенотипом CD3+HLA DR+ (%; кл/мкл). Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о наличии ассоциаций микробиоты толстой кишки с параметрами иммунологической реактивности при ожирении у молодых людей. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие при ожирении хронического воспалительного процесса низкой интенсивности, основу которого составляют компенсаторно-приспособительные реакции иммунной системы.

Aim. To evaluate the features of the relationship between changes in the composition of the colon microbiota and factors of immunological reactivity in obesity in young people. Materials and methods. The study involved 87 obese people (BMI 37.2 [34.1; 42.05] kg/m2) and 31 people with normal body weight (BMI 21.9 [20.2; 23.5] kg/m2). The participants underwent a study of lipid metabolism, cytokine profiles, immune status, and the composition of the colon microbiota was determined. The Microsoft Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 application software package was used for statistical calculations. The results were evaluated as statistically significant at a level of p<0.05. Results. When analyzing the microbiota, in the obesity group compared to the control group, a statistically significant decrease in the bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and an increase in the bacteria Prevotella spp and Fusobacterium nucleatum were revealed. Associations of these microorganisms with the most important parameters of nonspecific and specific immunological reactivity were identified. In particular, a correlation between Prevotella spp and CRP, NBT spontaneous activity of neutrophils and the stimulation index of the NBT test of neutrophils has been traced. A. muciniphila correlated with MCP-1 and F. nucleatum - with Ig M. A large number of correlations have been identified in F. prausnitzii with indicators of cellular nonspecific and specific immunological reactivity. Thus, F. prausnitzii correlated with NBT-induced monocyte activity (%), NBT-induced neutrophil activity (%), phagocytic activity of neutrophils (%), phagocytic number of neutrophils, phagocytic number of monocytes, T-NK lymphocytes (CD3+16+56 +) (%; cells/µl), T-lymphocytes with the CD3+25+ phenotype (%; cells/µl) and T-lymphocytes with the CD3+HLA DR+ phenotype (%; cells/µl). Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the presence of associations of colon microbiota with the mechanisms of immunological reactivity in obesity in young people. The data obtained confirm the presence of a low-intensity chronic inflammatory process in obesity, the basis of which is the adaptive reactions of the immune system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.