<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-284</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЕПАТОПРОТЕКТОР РОПРЕН ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ БОЛЬНЫХ С НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНЫМ СТЕАТОГЕПАТИТОМ: ОБСЕРВАЦИОННОЕ ПРОГРЕССИВНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE HEPATOPROTECTOR ROPREN FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голованова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошникова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелькина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melkina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Султанов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soultanov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vagif.soultanov@solagran.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education (SBEI HPE) A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry Ministry of Healthcare of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение города Москвы Московский клинический научный центр Департамента Здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Department of Public Health of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова»; Пренолика Лимитед, Биотехнологическая компания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersberg State Forest Technical Academy; Prenolica Limited, Biotechology Company</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голованова Е.В., Шапошникова Н.А., Мелькина Е.С., Султанов В.С., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голованова Е.В., Шапошникова Н.А., Мелькина Е.С., Султанов В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovanova E.V., Shaposhnikova N.A., Melkina E.S., Soultanov V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/284">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/284</self-uri><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objectives. New and effective drugs to improve liver function and fibrosis are urgently needed for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study examines the effectiveness of treatment of patients with NASH with the registered hepatoprotector, Ropren®. Methods. This observational study used Ropren® in a post-registration setting to treat 20 females (38-56 years) with chronic NASH unresponsive to standard treatment. Ropren® is a biopolymer made up of polyprenols (analogue of dolichol) isolated from the green verdure of spruce (Picea abies (L) Karst). Ropren® was given orally, three times a day (54 mg/day). Measurements before and after treatment included symptoms and blood biochemistry (triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase). Liver fibrosis was measured with indirect ultrasound elastometry. Results. After 12 weeks of Ropren® treatment, improvements were found for blood lipids and clinical and biochemical signs, including reductions in total cholesterol and triglycerides (p &lt; 0.05). Ropren® also significantly decreased the liver fibrosis index (p &lt; 0.05). No side effects were observed. Conclusions. Ropren® treatment increased the elasticity of the liver and might be useful to reduce the risk of cirrhosis. Although the sample size in this study was small, the results demonstrated that a randomised-controlled trial of Ropren® for NASH is warranted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>non-alcoholic steatohepatitis</kwd><kwd>NASH</kwd><kwd>lipid</kwd><kwd>polyprenols</kwd><kwd>dolichol</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotectors</kwd><kwd>Bioeffective</kwd><kwd>Ropren®</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vajro P., Lenta S., Pignata C., Salerno M., D’aniello R., De Micco I., Paolella G., and Parenti. Therapeutic options in pediatric non alcoholic fatty liver disease: current status and future directions, Italian Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 38, p.55, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vajro P., Lenta S., Pignata C., Salerno M., D’aniello R., De Micco I., Paolella G., and Parenti. Therapeutic options in pediatric non alcoholic fatty liver disease: current status and future directions, Italian Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 38, p.55, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pinzani P. Pathophysiology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and basis for treatment, Digestive Diseases, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 243-248, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pinzani P. Pathophysiology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and basis for treatment, Digestive Diseases, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 243-248, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friis-Liby I., Aldenborg F., Jerlstadt P., Rundström K., Björnsson E. High prevalence of metabolic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 864-869, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friis-Liby I., Aldenborg F., Jerlstadt P., Rundström K., Björnsson E. High prevalence of metabolic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 864-869, 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams L. A., Waters O. R., Knuiman M.W., Elliot R. R., Olynyk J. K. NAFLD as a risk factor for the development of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: an eleven-year follow-up study, American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 104, no. 4, pp. 861-867, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams L. A., Waters O. R., Knuiman M.W., Elliot R. R., Olynyk J. K. NAFLD as a risk factor for the development of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: an eleven-year follow-up study, American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 104, no. 4, pp. 861-867, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takamura T., Misu H., Ota T., Kaneko S. Fatty liver as a consequence and cause of insulin resistance: lessons from type 2 diabetic live, Endocrine Journal, vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 745-763, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takamura T., Misu H., Ota T., Kaneko S. Fatty liver as a consequence and cause of insulin resistance: lessons from type 2 diabetic live, Endocrine Journal, vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 745-763, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Treeprasertsuk S., Björnsson E., Enders F. NAFLD fibrosis score: A prognostic predictor for mortality and liver complications among NAFLD patients, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 1219-1229, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Treeprasertsuk S., Björnsson E., Enders F. NAFLD fibrosis score: A prognostic predictor for mortality and liver complications among NAFLD patients, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 1219-1229, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D., Kim W. R., Kim H. J, Therneau T. M. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States, Hepatology, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1357-1365, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D., Kim W. R., Kim H. J, Therneau T. M. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States, Hepatology, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1357-1365, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zvenigorodskaya L. A., Egorova E. G. Hepatic Lesions at insulin resistance, Eksperimental’naija i Klinicheskaija gastroenterologiija, vol. 1, pp. 14-19, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zvenigorodskaya L. A., Egorova E. G. Hepatic Lesions at insulin resistance, Eksperimental’naija i Klinicheskaija gastroenterologiija, vol. 1, pp. 14-19, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazebnik L. B., Zvenigorodskaya L. A., Yegorova E. G. Metabolic syndrome in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, Terapevticheskii Arkhiv vol. 79, no. 10, pp. 9-13, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L. B., Zvenigorodskaya L. A., Yegorova E. G. Metabolic syndrome in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, Terapevticheskii Arkhiv vol. 79, no. 10, pp. 9-13, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shuppan D., Pinzani M. Anti-fibrotic therapy: Lost in translation?, J Hepatology, vol. 56 (Suppl 1), pp. S66-S74, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuppan D., Pinzani M. Anti-fibrotic therapy: Lost in translation?, J Hepatology, vol. 56 (Suppl 1), pp. S66-S74, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саггоll K.K. Studies on the distribution and metabolism of dolichol and related compounds, Chemica Scripta, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 73-77, 1987.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Саггоll K.K. Studies on the distribution and metabolism of dolichol and related compounds, Chemica Scripta, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 73-77, 1987.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chojnacki T., Dallner G. Тhе biological гоlе of dolichol, Biochemical Journal, vol. 251, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chojnacki T., Dallner G. Тhе biological гоlе of dolichol, Biochemical Journal, vol. 251, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 1988.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crick D, Carroll K. Absorption and distribution of [1-14С] dolichol into rats, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 317-320, 1987.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crick D, Carroll K. Absorption and distribution of [1-14С] dolichol into rats, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 317-320, 1987.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кееnаn R., Fisher J., Kruzcek J. Тhe tissue and subcellular distribution of [1-3Н] dolichol in the rаt, Аrсhives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 179, no. 2, pp. 634-642, 1977.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кееnаn R., Fisher J., Kruzcek J. Тhe tissue and subcellular distribution of [1-3Н] dolichol in the rаt, Аrсhives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 179, no. 2, pp. 634-642, 1977.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jakobsson A., Swiezewska E., Chojnacki T., Dallner G. Uptake and modification of dietary polyprenols and dolichols in гаt liver, FEBS Letters, vol. 255, no. 1, pp. 32-36, 1989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jakobsson A., Swiezewska E., Chojnacki T., Dallner G. Uptake and modification of dietary polyprenols and dolichols in гаt liver, FEBS Letters, vol. 255, no. 1, pp. 32-36, 1989.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keller R. Dolichol metabolism in гаt, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol. 12, pp. 443-445, 1987.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keller R. Dolichol metabolism in гаt, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol. 12, pp. 443-445, 1987.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кlimov A. N., Constantinov V. O., Lipovetsky B. M., Kuznetsov A. S., Lozovsky V. T., Trufanov V. F., Plavinsky S. L., Gundermann K-J., Schumacher R. “Essential” phospholipids versus nicotinic acid in the treatment of patients with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia and ischemic heart disease, Cardiovascular Drugs and Тhеrapy, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 779-784, 1995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кlimov A. N., Constantinov V. O., Lipovetsky B. M., Kuznetsov A. S., Lozovsky V. T., Trufanov V. F., Plavinsky S. L., Gundermann K-J., Schumacher R. “Essential” phospholipids versus nicotinic acid in the treatment of patients with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia and ischemic heart disease, Cardiovascular Drugs and Тhеrapy, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 779-784, 1995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lieber C. S., Robin S. I., Li J., DeCarli L. M., Mak K. M., Fasulo J. M., Leo M. A. Phosphatidylcholine protects against fibrosis and cirrhosis baboon, Gastroenterology, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 152-159, 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lieber C. S., Robin S. I., Li J., DeCarli L. M., Mak K. M., Fasulo J. M., Leo M. A. Phosphatidylcholine protects against fibrosis and cirrhosis baboon, Gastroenterology, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 152-159, 1994.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pullarkat R. K., Ragutu S., Pachchagiri S. Dolichols in metastatic саncer, Transactions of the Аmerican Society for Neurochemistry, vol. 15,p. 171, 1984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pullarkat R. K., Ragutu S., Pachchagiri S. Dolichols in metastatic саncer, Transactions of the Аmerican Society for Neurochemistry, vol. 15,p. 171, 1984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rupar C., Carroll K. Occurrence of dolichol in human tissues, Lipids, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 291-293, 1978.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rupar C., Carroll K. Occurrence of dolichol in human tissues, Lipids, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 291-293, 1978.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steinke D. T., Weston T. I., Morris A. D., MacDonald T.M., Dillon J. F. Тhe epidemiology of liver disease in Tayside database: а population-based record linkage study, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 186-193, 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steinke D. T., Weston T. I., Morris A. D., MacDonald T.M., Dillon J. F. Тhe epidemiology of liver disease in Tayside database: а population-based record linkage study, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 186-193, 2002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cantagrel V., Lefeber D. J., Ng B. G., Guan Z., Silhavy J.L., Bielas S. L., Lehle L., Hombauer H., Adamowicz M., Swiezewska E., De Brouwer A. P., Blümel P., Sykut-Cegielska J., Houliston S., Swistun D., Ali B.R., Dobyns W.B., Babovic-Vuksanovic D., van Bokhoven H., Wevers R. A., Raetz C. R. H., Freeze H. H., MoravaE., Al-Gazali L. SRD5A3 is required for converting polyprenol to dolichol and is mutated in a congenital glycosylation disorder, Cell vol. 142, no. 2, pp. 203-217, 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cantagrel V., Lefeber D. J., Ng B. G., Guan Z., Silhavy J.L., Bielas S. L., Lehle L., Hombauer H., Adamowicz M., Swiezewska E., De Brouwer A. P., Blümel P., Sykut-Cegielska J., Houliston S., Swistun D., Ali B.R., Dobyns W.B., Babovic-Vuksanovic D., van Bokhoven H., Wevers R. A., Raetz C. R. H., Freeze H. H., MoravaE., Al-Gazali L. SRD5A3 is required for converting polyprenol to dolichol and is mutated in a congenital glycosylation disorder, Cell vol. 142, no. 2, pp. 203-217, 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sviderskii V. L., Soultanov V. S., Roschin V.I., Khovanskikh A.E., at all. Analysis of the effect of the polyprenol preparation ropren and the choline alphoscerate preparation gliatilin on the membrane-bound and soluble forms of cholinesterases and monoamine oxidase of rat brain and serum in the tetrachloromethane model system of hepatic encephalopathy, Doklady Biochemisrty and Biophysics, vol. 412, no. 1 pp. 33-36, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviderskii V. L., Soultanov V. S., Roschin V.I., Khovanskikh A.E., at all. Analysis of the effect of the polyprenol preparation ropren and the choline alphoscerate preparation gliatilin on the membrane-bound and soluble forms of cholinesterases and monoamine oxidase of rat brain and serum in the tetrachloromethane model system of hepatic encephalopathy, Doklady Biochemisrty and Biophysics, vol. 412, no. 1 pp. 33-36, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zarubaev V. V., Soultanov V. S., Soukhinin V. P. Studying the dynamics of the interferon-related activity of "Ropren" and the modified drugs in tests on white mice, Fourth International Conference, Pasteur's ideas in control of infections, vol. 12, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zarubaev V. V., Soultanov V. S., Soukhinin V. P. Studying the dynamics of the interferon-related activity of "Ropren" and the modified drugs in tests on white mice, Fourth International Conference, Pasteur's ideas in control of infections, vol. 12, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedotova J., Soultanov V., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Ropren® is a polyprenol preparation from coniferous plants that ameliorates cognitive deficiency in a rat model of beta-amyloid peptide-(25-35)-induced amnesia, Phytomedicine, vol. 19, pp. 451-456, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedotova J., Soultanov V., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Ropren® is a polyprenol preparation from coniferous plants that ameliorates cognitive deficiency in a rat model of beta-amyloid peptide-(25-35)-induced amnesia, Phytomedicine, vol. 19, pp. 451-456, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedotova J., Soultanov V., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Cognitive-enhancing activities of the polyprenol preparation Ropren® in gonadectomized β-amyloid (25-35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease, Physiology &amp; Behavior, vol. 157, pp. 55-62, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedotova J., Soultanov V., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Cognitive-enhancing activities of the polyprenol preparation Ropren® in gonadectomized β-amyloid (25-35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease, Physiology &amp; Behavior, vol. 157, pp. 55-62, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khodanovich M., Glazacheva V., Pan E., Akulov A., Krutenkova E., Trusov V., Yarnykh V. MRI study of the cuprizone-induced mouse model of multiple sclerosis: demyelination is not found after co-treatment with polyprenols (long-chain isoprenoid alcohols), Journal of Physics: Conference Series 677 (2016) 012007, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khodanovich M., Glazacheva V., Pan E., Akulov A., Krutenkova E., Trusov V., Yarnykh V. MRI study of the cuprizone-induced mouse model of multiple sclerosis: demyelination is not found after co-treatment with polyprenols (long-chain isoprenoid alcohols), Journal of Physics: Conference Series 677 (2016) 012007, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soultanov V., Fedotova J., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Antidepressant-like effect of Ropren® in β-amyloid-(25-35) rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with altered levels of androgens, Molecular Neurobiology, EPUB ahead of print, March 19. DOI 10.1007/s12035-016-9848-8, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soultanov V., Fedotova J., Nikitina T., Roschin V., Ordyan N., Hritcu L. Antidepressant-like effect of Ropren® in β-amyloid-(25-35) rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with altered levels of androgens, Molecular Neurobiology, EPUB ahead of print, March 19. DOI 10.1007/s12035-016-9848-8, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soultanov V. S., Shabanov P. D., Roschin V. I. Ropren - The first polyprenol pharmaceutical drug in the world for the treatment of diseases of the liver and brain, Pharmacology Bulletin, no 2-3, pp. 35-47, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soultanov V. S., Shabanov P. D., Roschin V. I. Ropren - The first polyprenol pharmaceutical drug in the world for the treatment of diseases of the liver and brain, Pharmacology Bulletin, no 2-3, pp. 35-47, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapteva E. N., Roschin V. I., Soultanov V. S. Specific activity of polyprenol- based Ropren in toxic liver damage in a trial [in Russian], Clinical Nutrition, vol. 1, pp. 25-29, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapteva E. N., Roschin V. I., Soultanov V. S. Specific activity of polyprenol- based Ropren in toxic liver damage in a trial [in Russian], Clinical Nutrition, vol. 1, pp. 25-29, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soultanov V. S., Roschin V. I., Lapteva E. N. Utilisation of a new therapeutic substance, Ropren, in patients with diseases of hepatobiliary system, as well as with alcohol, narcotic and drug intoxication, Fourth International Conference, Pasteur's ideas in control of infections, pp. 166-168, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soultanov V. S., Roschin V. I., Lapteva E. N. Utilisation of a new therapeutic substance, Ropren, in patients with diseases of hepatobiliary system, as well as with alcohol, narcotic and drug intoxication, Fourth International Conference, Pasteur's ideas in control of infections, pp. 166-168, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soultanov V.S., Agishev V.G., Monakhova I.A., Mokhovikova I.A., Kulikov A.P., Roschin V.I., Nikitina T.V. Ropren® improves liver and pancreatic function in patients with chronic alcoholism, Gastroenterology Saint Petersburg, no 4, pp. 12-17, 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soultanov V.S., Agishev V.G., Monakhova I.A., Mokhovikova I.A., Kulikov A.P., Roschin V.I., Nikitina T.V. Ropren® improves liver and pancreatic function in patients with chronic alcoholism, Gastroenterology Saint Petersburg, no 4, pp. 12-17, 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roschin V.I., Raldugin V.A., Poverinova O.Y., Nagibina N.Yu., Demenkova L.I., Kukina T.P. Season dynamics of distribution of bonded polyprenol and dolichol isoprenologs in leaves and shoots of Alnus glutinosa, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 5, pp. 1016-1019, 1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roschin V.I., Raldugin V.A., Poverinova O.Y., Nagibina N.Yu., Demenkova L.I., Kukina T.P. Season dynamics of distribution of bonded polyprenol and dolichol isoprenologs in leaves and shoots of Alnus glutinosa, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 5, pp. 1016-1019, 1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roschin V. I., Sultanov V. S. Method of processing plant raw materials, PCT RU 2004/00162, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roschin V. I., Sultanov V. S. Method of processing plant raw materials, PCT RU 2004/00162, 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XII, (Moscow 2007) [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XII, (Moscow 2007) [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quarty G., Feudjo-Tepie M., Wang J., Kim J. Opportunities for minimisation of confounding in observational research, Pharmaceutical Statististics vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 539-547, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quarty G., Feudjo-Tepie M., Wang J., Kim J. Opportunities for minimisation of confounding in observational research, Pharmaceutical Statististics vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 539-547, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
