nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-224-4-20-29nogr-2754Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯCLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGYСравнительная молекулярная оценка неизмененной слизистой оболочки сегментов толстой кишки как возможной основы аденомComparative molecular evaluation of unaltered mucosa of colon segments as a possible basis for adenomashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-8193КороткевичА. Г.KorotkevichA. G.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-3885ЖилинаН. М.ZhilinaN. M.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-8341ДеменковП. С.DemenkovP. S.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-9407ВеряскинаЮ. А.VeryaskinaYu. A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-5737ТитовС. Е.TitovS. E.noemail@neicon.ruНовокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей - филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»; Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница им. А. А. ЛуцикаРоссияNovokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors - branch of “Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education”; Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Lutsik, Russian FederationRussian FederationНовокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей - филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»РоссияNovokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors - branch of “Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education”Russian FederationНовосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет; Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН Российской ФедерацииРоссияNovosibirsk National Research State University; Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Russian FederationRussian FederationИнститут цитологии и генетики СО РАН Российской Федерации; ФГБУН «Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии» СО РАНРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Russian Federation; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology SB RAS Russian FederationRussian FederationНовосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет; ФГБУН «Институт молекулярной и клеточной биологии» СО РАН; Вектор-БестРоссияNovosibirsk National Research State University; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology SB RAS Russian Federation; AO “Vector-Best”Russian Federation202415092024042029Copyright © Короткевич А.Г., Жилина Н.М., Деменков П.С., Веряскина Ю.А., Титов С.Е., 20242024Короткевич А.Г., Жилина Н.М., Деменков П.С., Веряскина Ю.А., Титов С.Е.Korotkevich A.G., Zhilina N.M., Demenkov P.S., Veryaskina Y.A., Titov S.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2754

Цель исследования. изучить частоту сопутствующих эпителиальным новообразованиям толстой кишки изменений слизистой оболочки и экспрессию потенциальных миРНК и мРНК-маркеров КРР в нормальной слизистой разных отделов толстой кишки. Материалы и методы. В сплошном поперечном ретроспективном исследовании изучены результаты 3086 колоноскопий за 2019-2020 гг. Проспективное исследование образцов слизистой оболочки 25 пациентов в 2022-2023 гг. Результаты. Выделена группа 980 пациентов с неоплазиями. У пациентов с пятого десятилетия жизни выявлено существенное возрастание частоты эпителиальных новообразований (χ2=38,8, р=0,0000), не различающееся в последующие десятилетия жизни.Отсутствие изменений слизистой оболочки выявлено в 27,7% случаев. В проспективном исследовании в 169 образцах анализированы молекулярные характеристики слизистой оболочки различных сегментов толстой кишки. Изучены 9 миРНК-маркеров, связанных с развитием КРР. Статистически значимые различия в экспрессии между разными отделами толстой кишки были получены для миРНК-135b, миРНК-31 и миРНК-20. Среди белок-кодирующих генов достоверные различие получены для генов MUC2, NOX1, TERT и CDX2. Оценка уровня экспрессии с использованием отношения медианных значений исследуемых показателей в разных отделах толстой кишки для миРНК-135b составила 6,5 раз, для миРНК-31-6,9 раз, для MUC2-1.9 раза, для CDX2-1.5 раза, для гена NOX1-5,1 раза. Заключение. Нормальная/макроскопически неизмененная слизистая оболочка толстой кишки имеет существенные молекулярно-генетические различия в разных отделах Изменения экспрессии генов, регулирующих пролиферацию клеток, репликацию РНК и обеспечивающих равновесие оксигенации эпителия с анаэробностью внутри кишки совпадают с дистальными сегментами толстой кишки, имеющими наибольшую частоту выявления эпителиальных новообразований.

The aim was to investigate the frequency of mucosal changes associated with colorectal epithelial neoplasms and the expression of potential miRNA and mRNA markers of CRC in the normal mucosa of different parts of the colon. Materials and Methods. In a continuous cross-sectional retrospective study, we examined the results of 3086 colonoscopies from 2019-2020.A prospective study of mucosal samples from 25 patients in 2022-2023 Results. A cohort of 980 patients with neoplasia was identified. A significant increase in the incidence of epithelial neoplasia was found in patients from the fifth decade of life (χ2=38.8, p=0.0000), not differing in subsequent decades of life. Absence of mucosal changes was found in 27.7% of cases. In a prospective study, molecular characteristics of the mucosa of different segments of the colon were analyzed in 169 samples. Nine miRNA markers associated with the development of CRC were studied. Statistically significant differences in expression between different parts of the colon were obtained for miRNA-135b, miRNA-31, and miRNA-20. Among protein-coding genes, significant differences were obtained for MUC2, NOX1, TERT and CDX2 genes. Expression level estimation using the ratio of median values of the studied parameters in different colon sections was 6.5-fold for miRNA-135b, 6.9-fold for miRNA-31, 1.9-fold for MUC2, 1.5-fold for CDX2, and 5.1-fold for the NOX1 gene. Conclusion. Normal/macroscopically unchanged colonic mucosa has significant molecular genetic differences in different sections. Changes in the expression of genes regulating cell proliferation, RNA replication and ensuring the balance of epithelial oxygenation with anaerobicity within the intestine coincide with the distal segments of the colon having the highest frequency of epithelial neoplasia detection.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.