nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-217-9-195-200nogr-2463Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWСовременные представления о влиянии микробиома кишечника на персистенцию ВИЧ-инфекцииModern ideas about the influence of the gut microbiome on the persistence of HIV infectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-8303ХрянинА. А.KhryaninA. A.khryanin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-7288БочароваВ. К.BocharovaV. K.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-1551ПушкаревЕ. В.PushkarevE. V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; РОО «Ассоциация акушеров-гинекологов и дерматовенерологов»РоссияNovosibirsk State Medical University; Association of obstetrician-gynecologists and dermatologistsRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. ПавловаРоссияPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNovosibirsk State Medical UniversityRussian Federation20231701202409195200Copyright © Хрянин А.А., Бочарова В.К., Пушкарев Е.В., 20242024Хрянин А.А., Бочарова В.К., Пушкарев Е.В.Khryanin A.A., Bocharova V.K., Pushkarev E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2463

В статье обсуждаются современные представления о влиянии ВИЧ-инфекции на микробиом кишечника, микробную транслокацию, системное хроническое воспаление и активацию иммунитета. В свою очередь, микробиом кишечника участвует в системном воспалении и активации иммунной системы, что способствует персистенции ВИЧ-инфекции. Хотя точный патогенез ВИЧ-инфекции и изменений микробиома кишечника (снижение бактериального разнообразия) пока неясен, нормализация микробиома кишечника при ВИЧ-инфекции может уменьшить воспаление, и тем самым привести к уменьшению возможного резервуара для ВИЧ-инфекции. Авторы статьи представили современные гипотезы о взаимодействии микробиома кишечника с системным воспалением, а также связи кишечного микробиома и персистенции ВИЧ-инфекции. Неспособность современных методов лечения воздействовать на скрытый вирусный резервуар и истощить его является основным препятствием на пути излечения от ВИЧ-инфекции. Обсуждаются предпринимаемые усилия по лечению, направленные на ликвидацию резервуаров ВИЧ-инфекции, с целью достижения стойкой ремиссии и возможности излечения от ВИЧ-инфекции.

The article discusses current ideas about the impact of HIV infection on the gut microbiome, microbial translocation, chronic inflammation, and immune activation. The gut microbiome is involved in systemic inflammation and immune activation, which contributes to the persistence of HIV infection. Although the exact pathogenesis of HIV infection and changes in the intestinal microbiome in the form of a decrease in bacterial diversity is still unclear, normalization of the intestinal microbiome in HIV infection can reduce inflammation, and thereby lead to a decrease in the possible reservoir for HIV infection. The authors of the article presented modern hypotheses about the interaction of the intestinal microbiome with systemic inflammation, as well as the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and the persistence of HIV infection. The inability of modern treatment methods to affect the hidden reservoir and deplete it is the main obstacle to the cure of HIV infection. The ongoing treatment efforts aimed at reducing the reservoirs of HIV infection in order to achieve stable remission and the possibility of a cure for HIV infection are discussed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.