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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-217-9-56-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-2447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Концепция ферментативной дезинтеграции питательных веществ в верхнем отделе желудочно-кишечного тракта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The concept of enzymatic disintegration of nutrients in the upper gastrointestinal tract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алейник</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleynik</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабич</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babich</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bsm959@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Андижанский государственный медицинский институт (АГМИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Andijan State Medical Institute (АSMI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алейник В.А., Бабич С.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алейник В.А., Бабич С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleynik V.A., Babich S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2447">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2447</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования было изучить влияние слюнной амилазы на улучшение желудочного переваривания белков, а также влияние желудочного гидролиза белков на улучшение переваривания жиров. Работа состояла из двух частей, в первой части в двух сериях исследовали гидролиз белков под влиянием желудочного сока в присутствии крахмала и влияние амилазы слюны на изменение ОПА желудочного сока при использовании субстратов смеси крахмала с белками. Во второй части работы исследовали липолитическую активность поджелудочного сока с исследуемыми белками в присутствии и отсутствии желчи. Из полученных данных установлено, что применение смеси крахмала с белками способствует снижению гидролиза белков желудочным соком. Применение слюнной амилазы содействует увеличению гидролиза белков за счет снижения образования крахмально-белковых комплексов, препятствующих перевариванию белков желудочным соком. Все исследованные белки, кроме желатины, обладают ингибирующим действием на липазу в составе панкреатического сока, степень ингибирующего действия у каждого белка выражена неодинаково. Она зависит от степени переваривания их желудочным соком. Таким образом, предварительный гидролиз белков пепсинами в желудке способствует не только дальнейшему улучшению гидролиза их под влиянием протеолитических ферментов поджелудочного сока, но также и гидролизу жиров под влиянием панкреатической липазы. Сделано заключение, что последовательность расщепления питательных веществ ферментами слюны, желудка и поджелудочной железы в первую очередь направлена на ферментативную дезинтеграцию между полисахаридами и белками, а также белками и жирами, чтобы снизить их взаимодействие и образование физических комплексов. Тем самым, во вторую очередь, улучшить перевариваемость питательных веществ в верхнем отделе желудочно-кишечного тракта. Концептуальное предположение ферментативной дезинтеграции питательных веществ в верхнем отделе желудочно-кишечного тракта позволяет обосновать существующую последовательность начального переваривания полисахаридов слюной, а также начальное переваривание белков желудочным соком.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to study the effect of salivary amylase on improving gastric protein digestion, as well as the effect of gastric protein hydrolysis on improving fat digestion. The work consisted of two parts, in the first part, in two series, the hydrolysis of proteins under the influence of gastric juice in the presence of starch and the effect of saliva amylase on the change in the total proteolytic activity of gastric juice when using substrates of a mixture of starch and proteins were investigated. In the second part of the work, the lipolytic activity of pancreatic juice with the studied proteins was studied in the presence and absence of bile. From the data obtained, it was found that the use of a mixture of starch with proteins helps to reduce the hydrolysis of proteins by gastric juice. The use of salivary amylase promotes an increase in protein hydrolysis by reducing the formation of starch-protein complexes that prevent the digestion of proteins by gastric juice. All the studied proteins, except gelatin, have an inhibitory effect on lipase in the pancreatic juice; the degree of inhibitory effect of each protein is expressed differently. It depends on their degree of digestion in gastric juice. Thus, the preliminary hydrolysis of proteins by pepsins in the stomach contributes not only to the further improvement of their hydrolysis under the influence of proteolytic enzymes of pancreatic juice, but also to the hydrolysis of fats under the influence of pancreatic lipase. It is concluded that the sequence of nutrient breakdown by enzymes of saliva, stomach and pancreas is primarily aimed at enzymatic disintegration between polysaccharides and proteins, as well as proteins and fats, in order to reduce their interaction and the formation of physical complexes. Thus, secondarily, improve the digestibility of nutrients in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The conceptual assumption of enzymatic disintegration of nutrients in the upper gastrointestinal tract allows us to substantiate the existing sequence of initial digestion of polysaccharides by saliva, as well as the initial digestion of proteins by gastric juice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слюна</kwd><kwd>желудочный сок</kwd><kwd>поджелудочный сок</kwd><kwd>амилолитическая активность</kwd><kwd>протеолитическая активность</kwd><kwd>липолитическая активность</kwd><kwd>жиры</kwd><kwd>белки</kwd><kwd>полисахариды</kwd><kwd>жирные кислоты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>saliva</kwd><kwd>gastric juice</kwd><kwd>pancreatic juice</kwd><kwd>amylolytic activity</kwd><kwd>proteolytic activity</kwd><kwd>lipolytic activity</kwd><kwd>fats</kwd><kwd>proteins</kwd><kwd>polysaccharides</kwd><kwd>fatty acids</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antipova A.S. 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