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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-243</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАРУШЕНИЕ ВСАСЫВАНИЯ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЖИРОРАСТВОРИМЫХ ВИТАМИНОВ ПРИ БОЛЕЗНЯХ ПЕЧЕНИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MALABSORPTION FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS AND PROSPECTS OF THEIR USE IN LIVER DISEASES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хавкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khavkin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">akhavkin@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии Российского национального исследовательского медицинского университета им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical Univercity</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хавкин А.И., Комарова О.Н., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хавкин А.И., Комарова О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khavkin A.I., Komarova O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/243">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/243</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзорной статье рассматриваются вопросы эффективности и тактики назначения жирорастворимых витаминов, как при холестатических, так и нехолестатических болезнях печени, а также водорастворимых витаминов, в частности, витамина С при желчнокаменной болезни. Окислительный стресс, в результате хронического воспаления является одним из основных механизмов преобразования фиброза печени в цирроз. Дисбаланс между продукцией реактивных форм кислорода и антиоксидантной защитой вызывает ряд патофизиологических изменений в печени, в том числе активацию печеночных звездчатых клеток. У носителей I148M мутации в PNPLA3 не наблюдалось уменьшения концентрации в печени витамина А с увеличением тяжести заболевания, но отмечалось снижение уровня циркулирующего ретинил пальмитата и ретинол-связывающего белка. К назначению витамина А при болезнях печени следует подходить с осторожностью. Гипервитаминоз А приводит к ускоренному фиброзу печени и стимулирует канцерогенез. В настоящее время активно изучается возможность использования витамина Е, как антиоксиданта, у больных с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени. Его присутствие в мембранах фосфолипидного бислоя клеток позволяет предотвратить окисление неферментативных компонентов клеток свободными радикалами. Витамин Е может подавлять профибротические процессы. У пациентов с хроническими холестатическими заболеваниями печени распространена недостаточность витамина K, даже при его назначении, и связана со степенью холестаза и тяжестью заболевания. Гиповитаминоз D при болезнях печени также связан с тяжестью заболевания: коррелирует с выраженностью печеночной недостаточности и инфекционными осложнениями. Витамин D является независимым прогностическим параметром риска смертности у пациентов с циррозом печени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In a review article considers issues of efficiency and tactics of the purpose of fat-soluble vitamins, as in cholestatic and noncholestatic liver disease, as well as water-soluble vitamins, particularly vitamin C cholelithiasis. Oxidative stress due to chronic inflammation is one of the major conversion mechanisms of liver fibrosis in cirrhosis. The imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense causes a number of pathophysiological changes in the liver, including activation of hepatic stellate cells. The carriers of the I148M PNPLA3 mutation was not observed concentration reduction in liver vitamin A with increasing severity of the disease, but the observed decrease in the level of circulating retinyl palmitate and retinol-binding protein. To the appointment of vitamin A in liver disease should be approached with caution. Hypervitaminosis A leads to accelerated liver fibrosis and stimulates carcinogenesis. Currently actively studied the possibility of using vitamin E as an antioxidant, in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. His presence in the membranes phospholipid bilayer allows cells to prevent non-enzymatic oxidation of cell components by free radicals. Vitamin E can suppress the profibrotic processes. In patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease is common, vitamin K deficiency, even when administered, and is associated with the degree of cholestasis and severity of disease. The vitamin D deficiency, liver disease is also associated with the severity of disease correlated with the severity of liver failure and infectious complications. Vitamin D is an independent prognostic parameter for mortality risk in patients with liver cirrhosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жирорастворимые витамины</kwd><kwd>витамины А</kwd><kwd>D</kwd><kwd>Е</kwd><kwd>К</kwd><kwd>С</kwd><kwd>болезни печени</kwd><kwd>холестаз</kwd><kwd>фиброз</kwd><kwd>желчнокаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>сholelithiasis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fat-soluble vitamins</kwd><kwd>vitamins А</kwd><kwd>D</kwd><kwd>E</kwd><kwd>K</kwd><kwd>С</kwd><kwd>liver disease</kwd><kwd>cholestasis</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma A., Aggarwal S., Sharma V. Bitot’s Spots: Look at the Gut. Int J Prev Med. 2014 Aug; 5(8):1058-1059.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma A., Aggarwal S., Sharma V. Bitot’s Spots: Look at the Gut. 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