<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-28-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-2359</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм гена гемохроматоза HFE и поздняя кожная порфирия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HFE hemochromatosis gene polymorphism and porphyria cutanea tarda</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-8753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривошеев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivosheev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">krivosheev-ab@narod.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7971-6479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-624X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуражева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurazheva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-4496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины - филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine- branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины - филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University; Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine- branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кривошеев А.Б., Кондратова М.А., Гуражева А.А., Максимов В.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кривошеев А.Б., Кондратова М.А., Гуражева А.А., Максимов В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krivosheev A.B., Kondratova M.A., Gurazheva A.A., Maksimov V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2359">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2359</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Изучение частоты генотипов и аллелей мутаций C282Y и H63D в гене HFE у больных поздней кожной порфирией (ПКП) Западно-Сибирского региона и их влияния на клинические и биохимические особенности заболевания. Материалы и методы. Наблюдали 14 больных с ПКП, которым проведено комплексное общеклиническое и инструментальное обследование. Целенаправленно определяли показатели экскреторного профиля показателей порфиринового обмена, проводили молекулярно-генетическое обследование, определяя генотипы и аллели мутаций C282Y и H63D гена гемохроматоза HFE. Результаты и обсуждение. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование установило, что мутация гена HFE обнаружена у 7 пациентов (50,0%). Аллель 282Y обнаружен у 2 (14,3%), аллель 63D - у 5 больных (35,7%). К факторам риска манифестации ПКП относилось частое употребление алкоголя и хроническая HCV-инфекция. Чаще регистрировался генотип 1b (9 человек), реже - генотип 3а (4 человека). Экскреторный профиль показателей порфиринового обмена у пациентов обеих групп превышал контрольные значения. Показатели порфиринового обмена у пациентов без мутаций в гене HFE были достоверно выше аналогичных показателей у больных с мутацией в гене HFE. Выводы. Мутации в гене гемохроматоза HFE при ПКП найдены у 50% больных. Чаще регистрировалась мутация H63D. Уровень нарушений порфиринового обмена у больных с мутациями в гене гемохроматоза HFE достоверно ниже. Клиника ПКП у всех наблюдаемых больных не имела различий. Хронический вирусный гепатит С оценивается как фактор риска манифестации ПКП.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose. To study the frequency of genotypes and alleles of C282Y and H63D mutations in the HFE gene in patients with porphyria cutanea tarde of the West Siberian region and their influence on the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the disease. Materials and methods. We observed 14 patients with porphyria cutanea tarde (PCT), who underwent a comprehensive general clinical and instrumental examination. The indicators of the excretory profile of porphyrin metabolism indicators were purposefully determined, a molecular genetic examination was carried out to determine the genotypes and alleles of the C282Y and H63D mutations of the hemochromatosis gene HFE. Results and discussion. Molecular genetic research found that the HFE gene mutation was found in 7 patients (50.0%). Polymorphism for the C282Y allele was found in 2 (14.3%) patients, and for the H63D allele - in 5 patients (35.7%). Risk factors for the manifestation of PCT included frequent alcohol consumption and chronic HCV infection. Genotype 1b was recorded more often (9 people), less often - genotype 3a (4 people). The excretory profile of porphyrin metabolism indices in patients of both groups exceeded the control values. Porphyrin metabolism parameters in patients without HFE gene mutations were significantly higher than those in patients without HFE gene mutations. Conclusions. Polymorphism of the hemochromatosis gene HFE in PCT was detected in 50% of patients. The most common mutation was the H63D allele. The level of porphyrin metabolism disorders in patients with HFE hemochromatosis gene mutations is significantly lower. The clinical picture of PCT in all observed patients did not differ. Chronic viral hepatitis C is assessed as a risk factor for the manifestation of PCT.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Молекулярно-генетическое исследование</kwd><kwd>мутации гена гемохроматоза HFE</kwd><kwd>поздняя кожная порфирия</kwd><kwd>экскреторный профиль порфиринов</kwd><kwd>метаболические нарушения</kwd><kwd>HCV-инфекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Molecular genetic research</kwd><kwd>mutations of the hemochromatosis gene HFE</kwd><kwd>porphyria cutanea tarda</kwd><kwd>excretory profile of porphyrins</kwd><kwd>metabolic disorders</kwd><kwd>HCV infection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikhailova S. V. Polymorphism of the gene of hereditary hemochromatosis HFE in the population of Siberia. Author’s abstract Cand. honey. sciences. Novosibirsk. 2010:19 p. (in Russ.)@@ Михайлова С. В. Полиморфизм гена наследственного гемохроматоза HFE у населения Сибири. Автореф. канд. мед. наук. Новосибирск. -2010. -C.19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhailova S. V. Polymorphism of the gene of hereditary hemochromatosis HFE in the population of Siberia. Author’s abstract Cand. honey. sciences. Novosibirsk. 2010:19 p. (in Russ.)@@ Михайлова С. В. Полиморфизм гена наследственного гемохроматоза HFE у населения Сибири. Автореф. канд. мед. наук. Новосибирск. -2010. -C.19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiff E.R., Sorrel M. F., Maddrey W. C. Liver disease according to Schiff. Alcoholic, medicinal, genetic and metabolic diseases. Transl. from English. Moscow. GEOTAR-Media. 2011. (in Russ.)@@ Шифф Ю. Р., Соррел М. Ф., Мэддрей У. С. Болезни печени по Шиффу. Алкогольные, лекарственные, генетические и метаболические заболевания. Пер. с англ. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медия. 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiff E.R., Sorrel M. F., Maddrey W. C. Liver disease according to Schiff. Alcoholic, medicinal, genetic and metabolic diseases. Transl. from English. Moscow. GEOTAR-Media. 2011. (in Russ.)@@ Шифф Ю. Р., Соррел М. Ф., Мэддрей У. С. Болезни печени по Шиффу. Алкогольные, лекарственные, генетические и метаболические заболевания. Пер. с англ. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медия. 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voloshin N.B., Venzhina Yu. Yu., Kazakova N. L., Voloshina I. O. Hereditary hemochromatosis (case from practice). Pharmateca. Special issue gastroenterology / hepatology. 2017: 100-103. (in Russ.)@@ Волошина Н. Б., Венжина Ю. Ю., Казакова Н. Л., Волошина И. О. Наследственный гемохроматоз (случай из практики). Фарматека. Специальный выпуск гастроэнтерология/гепатология. 2017: 100-103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voloshin N.B., Venzhina Yu. Yu., Kazakova N. L., Voloshina I. O. Hereditary hemochromatosis (case from practice). Pharmateca. Special issue gastroenterology / hepatology. 2017: 100-103. (in Russ.)@@ Волошина Н. Б., Венжина Ю. Ю., Казакова Н. Л., Волошина И. О. Наследственный гемохроматоз (случай из практики). Фарматека. Специальный выпуск гастроэнтерология/гепатология. 2017: 100-103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cardoso E. M., Stal P., Hagen K., Cabeda J. M., Esin S., de Sousa M., Hultcrantz R. HFE mutations in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis in Sweden. J.Intern. Med. 1998; 243 (2): 203-208. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796. 1998.00270.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cardoso E. M., Stal P., Hagen K., Cabeda J. M., Esin S., de Sousa M., Hultcrantz R. HFE mutations in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis in Sweden. J.Intern. Med. 1998; 243 (2): 203-208. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796. 1998.00270.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papanikoloa G., Politou M., Terpos E., Fourlemadis S., Sakelaropoules N., Loukopoulos D. Hereditary hemochromatosis: HFE mutation analysis in Greeks reveals genetic heterogeneity. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 2000; 26 (1): 163-168. doi: 10.1006/bcmd.2000.0292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papanikoloa G., Politou M., Terpos E., Fourlemadis S., Sakelaropoules N., Loukopoulos D. Hereditary hemochromatosis: HFE mutation analysis in Greeks reveals genetic heterogeneity. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 2000; 26 (1): 163-168. doi: 10.1006/bcmd.2000.0292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feder J. N., Penny D. M., Irrinki A. et al. The hemochromatosis gene product comlexes with the transferrin receptor and lowers its affinity for ligand binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 1998; 95: 1472-1477. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feder J. N., Penny D. M., Irrinki A. et al. The hemochromatosis gene product comlexes with the transferrin receptor and lowers its affinity for ligand binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 1998; 95: 1472-1477. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waheed A., Parkkila S., Zhou X. Y. et al. Hereditary hemochromatosis. Effects of C282Y and H63D mutations on association with β2-microglobulin, intracellular processing, and cell surface expression of the HFE protein in COS-7 cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 1997; 94 (12): 384-389. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.23.12384.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waheed A., Parkkila S., Zhou X. Y. et al. Hereditary hemochromatosis. Effects of C282Y and H63D mutations on association with β2-microglobulin, intracellular processing, and cell surface expression of the HFE protein in COS-7 cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 1997; 94 (12): 384-389. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.23.12384.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikhailova S. V., Kobzev V. F., Romashenko A. G. et al. Distribution of alleles C282Y, H63D and S65C of the HFE gene and predisposition to disorders of iron metabolism in Russian populations.Rus. J. Ggastroenterol, Hepatol, Coloproctol. 2001; 11 (4): 13-17. (in Russ.)@@ Михайлова С. В., Кобзев В. Ф., Ромашенко А. Г. и др. Распространение аллелей C282Y, H63D и S65C гена HFE и предрасположенность к нарушениям метаболизма железа в популяциях России. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол, гепатол, колопроктол. 2001; 11 (4): 13-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhailova S. V., Kobzev V. F., Romashenko A. G. et al. Distribution of alleles C282Y, H63D and S65C of the HFE gene and predisposition to disorders of iron metabolism in Russian populations.Rus. J. Ggastroenterol, Hepatol, Coloproctol. 2001; 11 (4): 13-17. (in Russ.)@@ Михайлова С. В., Кобзев В. Ф., Ромашенко А. Г. и др. Распространение аллелей C282Y, H63D и S65C гена HFE и предрасположенность к нарушениям метаболизма железа в популяциях России. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол, гепатол, колопроктол. 2001; 11 (4): 13-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulagina E.A., Kurilovich S. A., Maksimov V. N. et al. Clinical and genetic investigation of iron overload syndrome in chronic diffuse liver diseases. Bulletin SB RAMS. 2009; 3: 36-41. (in Russ.)@@ Кулагина Е. А., Курилович С. А., Максимов В. Н. и др. Клинико-генетическое исследование синдрома перегрузки железа при хронических диффузных заболеваниях печени. Бюллютень СО РАМН. 2009; 3: 36-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulagina E.A., Kurilovich S. A., Maksimov V. N. et al. Clinical and genetic investigation of iron overload syndrome in chronic diffuse liver diseases. Bulletin SB RAMS. 2009; 3: 36-41. (in Russ.)@@ Кулагина Е. А., Курилович С. А., Максимов В. Н. и др. Клинико-генетическое исследование синдрома перегрузки железа при хронических диффузных заболеваниях печени. Бюллютень СО РАМН. 2009; 3: 36-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">German E.N., Bueverov A. O., Mayevskaya M. V. et al. Hyperferritinemia in a patient with chronic hepatitis C.Rus. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Coloproctol. 2009; 19 (1): 71-77. (in Russ.)@@ Герман Е. Н., Буеверов А. О., Маевская М. В. и др. Гиперферритинемия у больного хроническим гепатитом С. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол. гепатол. колопроктол. 2009; 19 (1): 71-77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">German E.N., Bueverov A. O., Mayevskaya M. V. et al. Hyperferritinemia in a patient with chronic hepatitis C.Rus. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Coloproctol. 2009; 19 (1): 71-77. (in Russ.)@@ Герман Е. Н., Буеверов А. О., Маевская М. В. и др. Гиперферритинемия у больного хроническим гепатитом С. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол. гепатол. колопроктол. 2009; 19 (1): 71-77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bogush L. S. Algorithm for diagnosing disorders of iron metabolism in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases. Health and ecology problems. 2015; 1: 142-148. (in Russ.)@@ Богуш Л. С. Алгоритм диагностики нарушений обмена железом у больных хроническими диффузными заболеваниями печени. Проблемы здоровья и экологии. 2015; 1: 142-148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogush L. S. Algorithm for diagnosing disorders of iron metabolism in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases. Health and ecology problems. 2015; 1: 142-148. (in Russ.)@@ Богуш Л. С. Алгоритм диагностики нарушений обмена железом у больных хроническими диффузными заболеваниями печени. Проблемы здоровья и экологии. 2015; 1: 142-148.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonkovsky H.L., Jawaid Q., Tortorelli K. et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and iron: increased prevalence of mutation of the HFE gene in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 2000. 33. (5). 1024-1026. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(99)80032-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonkovsky H.L., Jawaid Q., Tortorelli K. et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and iron: increased prevalence of mutation of the HFE gene in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 2000. 33. (5). 1024-1026. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(99)80032-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mekhtiev S.N., Mekhtieva O. A. Iron overload syndrome in chronic liver disease: focus on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Attending doctor. 2017; 12: 2-7. (in Russ.)@@ Мехтиев С. Н., Мехтиева О. А. Синдром перегрузки железом при хронических заболеваниях печени: фокус на неалкогольную жировую болезнь печени. Лечащий врач. 2017; 12: 2-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mekhtiev S.N., Mekhtieva O. A. Iron overload syndrome in chronic liver disease: focus on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Attending doctor. 2017; 12: 2-7. (in Russ.)@@ Мехтиев С. Н., Мехтиева О. А. Синдром перегрузки железом при хронических заболеваниях печени: фокус на неалкогольную жировую болезнь печени. Лечащий врач. 2017; 12: 2-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khazanov A.I., Plyusnin S. V., Belyakin S. A. et al. Alcoholic liver disease. Moscow. LUX PRINT LLC. 2008. (in Russ.)@@ Хазанов А. И., Плюснин С. В., Белякин С. А. и соавт. Алкогольная болезнь печени. М.: ООО ЛЮКС ПРИНТ. 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khazanov A.I., Plyusnin S. V., Belyakin S. A. et al. Alcoholic liver disease. Moscow. LUX PRINT LLC. 2008. (in Russ.)@@ Хазанов А. И., Плюснин С. В., Белякин С. А. и соавт. Алкогольная болезнь печени. М.: ООО ЛЮКС ПРИНТ. 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maev I.V., Abdurakhmanov D. T., Andreev D. N., Dicheva D. T. Alcoholic liver disease: current state of the problem. Therapeutic archive. 2014; 86 (4): 103-107. (in Russ.)@@ Маев И. В., Абдурахманов Д. Т., Андреев Д. Н., Дичева Д. Т. Алкогольная болезнь печени: современное состояние проблемы. Терапевтический архив. 2014; 86 (4): 103-107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maev I.V., Abdurakhmanov D. T., Andreev D. N., Dicheva D. T. Alcoholic liver disease: current state of the problem. Therapeutic archive. 2014; 86 (4): 103-107. (in Russ.)@@ Маев И. В., Абдурахманов Д. Т., Андреев Д. Н., Дичева Д. Т. Алкогольная болезнь печени: современное состояние проблемы. Терапевтический архив. 2014; 86 (4): 103-107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kratka K., Dostalikova-Cimburova M., Michalikova H. et al. High prevalence of HFE gene mutations in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda in the Czech Republic. Br. J. Dermatol. 2008; 159 (3): 585-590. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08693.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kratka K., Dostalikova-Cimburova M., Michalikova H. et al. High prevalence of HFE gene mutations in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda in the Czech Republic. Br. J. Dermatol. 2008; 159 (3): 585-590. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08693.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young L. C. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Associated With Cys282Tyr Mutation in HFE Gene in Hereditary Hemochromatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cutis. 2007; 80 (5): 415-418.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young L. C. Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Associated With Cys282Tyr Mutation in HFE Gene in Hereditary Hemochromatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cutis. 2007; 80 (5): 415-418.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sampierto M., Piperno A., Lupica L. et al. High prevalence of the His63Asp HFE mutation in Italian patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (1): 181-184. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sampierto M., Piperno A., Lupica L. et al. High prevalence of the His63Asp HFE mutation in Italian patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (1): 181-184. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stuart K. A., Busfield F., Jazwinska E. C. et al. The C282Y mutation in the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) and hepatitis C virus infection are independent cofactors for porphyria cutanea tarda in Australian patients. J. Hepatol. 1998; 28 (3): 404-409. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278 (98) 80313-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stuart K. A., Busfield F., Jazwinska E. C. et al. The C282Y mutation in the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) and hepatitis C virus infection are independent cofactors for porphyria cutanea tarda in Australian patients. J. Hepatol. 1998; 28 (3): 404-409. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278 (98) 80313-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roberts A. G., Whately S. D., Morgan R. R., Elder G. H. Increased frequency of the haemochromatosis Cys282Tyr mutation in sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda. Lancet. 1997; 349 (9048): 321-323. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (96) 09436-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roberts A. G., Whately S. D., Morgan R. R., Elder G. H. Increased frequency of the haemochromatosis Cys282Tyr mutation in sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda. Lancet. 1997; 349 (9048): 321-323. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (96) 09436-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stölzel U., Köstler E., Schuppan D. et al. Hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations and response to chloroquine in porphyria cutanea tarda. Arch. Dermatol. 2003; 139 (3): 309-313. doi: 10.1001/archderm.139.3.309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stölzel U., Köstler E., Schuppan D. et al. Hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations and response to chloroquine in porphyria cutanea tarda. Arch. Dermatol. 2003; 139 (3): 309-313. doi: 10.1001/archderm.139.3.309.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamoril J., Andant C., Gouya L. et al. Hemochromatosis (HFE) and transferring receptor-1 (TFRC1) genes in sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda (sPCT). Cell Mol. Biol. 2002; 48 (1): 33-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamoril J., Andant C., Gouya L. et al. Hemochromatosis (HFE) and transferring receptor-1 (TFRC1) genes in sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda (sPCT). Cell Mol. Biol. 2002; 48 (1): 33-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allen K. J., Gurrin L. C., Constantine C. C. et al. Iron-overload-related disease in HFE hereditary hemochromatosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 358: 221-230. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa073286</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allen K. J., Gurrin L. C., Constantine C. C. et al. Iron-overload-related disease in HFE hereditary hemochromatosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 358: 221-230. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa073286</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gmyza O. A. The state of porphyrin metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Author’s abstract dis. Cand. medical sciences. Novosibirsk. 2013. (in Russ.).@@ Гмыза О. А. Состояние порфиринового обмена при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Автореф. дис. канд. мед наук. Новосибирск. 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gmyza O. A. The state of porphyrin metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Author’s abstract dis. Cand. medical sciences. Novosibirsk. 2013. (in Russ.).@@ Гмыза О. А. Состояние порфиринового обмена при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Автореф. дис. канд. мед наук. Новосибирск. 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krivosheev A.B., Maksimov V. N., Voevoda M. I. et al. Alleles C282Y and H63D of the HFE gene, insulin resistance and predisposition to impaired porphyrin metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2015; 115 (3): 39-44. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев А. Б., Максимов В. Н., Воевода М. И. и соавт. Аллели C282Y и H63D гена HFE, инсулинорезистентность и предрасположенность к нарушению порфиринового обмена при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2015; 115 (3): 39-44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krivosheev A.B., Maksimov V. N., Voevoda M. I. et al. Alleles C282Y and H63D of the HFE gene, insulin resistance and predisposition to impaired porphyrin metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2015; 115 (3): 39-44. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев А. Б., Максимов В. Н., Воевода М. И. и соавт. Аллели C282Y и H63D гена HFE, инсулинорезистентность и предрасположенность к нарушению порфиринового обмена при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2015; 115 (3): 39-44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kondratova M.A., Kuimov A. D., Maksimov V. N. et al. The frequency of the HFE gene polymorphism in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, features of metabolic disorders. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2017; 145 (9): 18-24 (in Russ.)@@ Кондратова М. А., Куимов А. Д., Максимов В. Н. и соавт. Мутации в гене HFE у больных неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени, особенности обменных нарушений. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2017; 145 (9): 18-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondratova M.A., Kuimov A. D., Maksimov V. N. et al. The frequency of the HFE gene polymorphism in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, features of metabolic disorders. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2017; 145 (9): 18-24 (in Russ.)@@ Кондратова М. А., Куимов А. Д., Максимов В. Н. и соавт. Мутации в гене HFE у больных неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени, особенности обменных нарушений. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2017; 145 (9): 18-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teplyuk N. P., Vertieva E. Yu., Ignatiev D. V., Javakhshvilli I. S. Porphyria cutanea tarda with chronic hepatitis C.Rus. J. Skin. Venerol. Dis. 2016; 19 (1): 17-20. (in Russ.). doi: 10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-1-17-20.@@ Теплюк Н. П., Вертиева Е. Ю., Игнатьев Д. В., Джавахшвилли И. С. Поздняя кожная порфирия на фоне хронического гепатита С. Рос. жур. кож. вен. бол. 2016; 19 (1): 17-20. doi: 10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-1-17-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teplyuk N. P., Vertieva E. Yu., Ignatiev D. V., Javakhshvilli I. S. Porphyria cutanea tarda with chronic hepatitis C.Rus. J. Skin. Venerol. Dis. 2016; 19 (1): 17-20. (in Russ.). doi: 10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-1-17-20.@@ Теплюк Н. П., Вертиева Е. Ю., Игнатьев Д. В., Джавахшвилли И. С. Поздняя кожная порфирия на фоне хронического гепатита С. Рос. жур. кож. вен. бол. 2016; 19 (1): 17-20. doi: 10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-1-17-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonkovsky H., Poh-Fitzpatrick M., Pimstone N. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda, Hepatitis C, and HFE gene mutation in North America. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (6): 1661-1669. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270627.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonkovsky H., Poh-Fitzpatrick M., Pimstone N. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda, Hepatitis C, and HFE gene mutation in North America. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (6): 1661-1669. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270627.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulaj Z. J., Phillips S., Ajioka R. S. Hemochromatosis genes and оther factors contributing to the pathogenesis of porphyria cutanea tarda. Blood. 2000; 95: 1565-1571. doi: 10.1182/blood.V95.5.1565.005k42_1565_1571.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulaj Z. J., Phillips S., Ajioka R. S. Hemochromatosis genes and оther factors contributing to the pathogenesis of porphyria cutanea tarda. Blood. 2000; 95: 1565-1571. doi: 10.1182/blood.V95.5.1565.005k42_1565_1571.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiavérini C., Halimi G., Ouzan D. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda, C282Y, H63D and S65C HFE gene mutations and hepatitis C infection: a study from southern France. Dermatology. 2003; 206 (3): 212-216. doi: 10.1159/000068895.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiavérini C., Halimi G., Ouzan D. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda, C282Y, H63D and S65C HFE gene mutations and hepatitis C infection: a study from southern France. Dermatology. 2003; 206 (3): 212-216. doi: 10.1159/000068895.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adashek M., Yunce M., Skorupan N. The dual of porhyria cutanea tarda and hemochromatosis. Austin Hematology. 2017; 2 (2): 1013-1015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adashek M., Yunce M., Skorupan N. The dual of porhyria cutanea tarda and hemochromatosis. Austin Hematology. 2017; 2 (2): 1013-1015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krivosheev B. N., Kuimov A. D., Krivosheev A. B. Diseases of internal organs with manifest and latent disorders of porphyrin metabolism. Moscow. INFRA-M, 2018. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев Б. Н., Куимов А. Д., Кривошеев А. Б. Заболевания внутренних органов при манифестных и латентных нарушениях порфиринового обмена. М.: ИНФРА-М, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krivosheev B. N., Kuimov A. D., Krivosheev A. B. Diseases of internal organs with manifest and latent disorders of porphyrin metabolism. Moscow. INFRA-M, 2018. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев Б. Н., Куимов А. Д., Кривошеев А. Б. Заболевания внутренних органов при манифестных и латентных нарушениях порфиринового обмена. М.: ИНФРА-М, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yakhontov D. A. Evidence-based medicine in questions and answers. Novosibirsk. Printing house. 2012. (in Russ.)@@ Яхонтов Д. А. Доказательная медицина в вопросах и ответах. Новосибирск, Печатный дом. 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakhontov D. A. Evidence-based medicine in questions and answers. Novosibirsk. Printing house. 2012. (in Russ.)@@ Яхонтов Д. А. Доказательная медицина в вопросах и ответах. Новосибирск, Печатный дом. 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krivosheev B.N., Krivosheev A. B. Hepatitis C virus and skin diseases. Part 1.Rus. J. Skin Ven. Dis. 2008; 5: 43-49. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев Б. Н., Кривошеев А. Б. Вирус гепатита С и болезни кожи. Часть 1. Рос. жур. кож. вен. бол. 2008; 5: 43-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krivosheev B.N., Krivosheev A. B. Hepatitis C virus and skin diseases. Part 1.Rus. J. Skin Ven. Dis. 2008; 5: 43-49. (in Russ.)@@ Кривошеев Б. Н., Кривошеев А. Б. Вирус гепатита С и болезни кожи. Часть 1. Рос. жур. кож. вен. бол. 2008; 5: 43-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaifullina E.G., Khaertynova I. M., Mangusheva Ya. R. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection: late cutaneous porphyria on the background of antiviral therapy. Pract. Med. 2012; 1 (56): 26-28. (in Russ.)@@ Гайфуллина Э. Г., Хаертынова И. М., Мангушева Я. Р. Внепеченочные проявления хронической HCV-инфекции: поздняя кожная порфирия на фоне противовирусной терапии. Практич. мед. 2012; 1(56): 26-28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaifullina E.G., Khaertynova I. M., Mangusheva Ya. R. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection: late cutaneous porphyria on the background of antiviral therapy. Pract. Med. 2012; 1 (56): 26-28. (in Russ.)@@ Гайфуллина Э. Г., Хаертынова И. М., Мангушева Я. Р. Внепеченочные проявления хронической HCV-инфекции: поздняя кожная порфирия на фоне противовирусной терапии. Практич. мед. 2012; 1(56): 26-28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elder G.H., Morwood M. Mutation in the hemochromatosis Gene Pjrphria Cutanea Tarda, and Iron Overload. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (1): 289-291. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elder G.H., Morwood M. Mutation in the hemochromatosis Gene Pjrphria Cutanea Tarda, and Iron Overload. Hepatology. 1998; 27 (1): 289-291. doi: 10.1002/hep.510270142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egger N.G., Goeger D. E., Payne D. A. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda. Multiplicity of risk factors including HFE mutations, hepatitis C, and inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency. Dig.Dis. Sci. 2002; 47: 419-426. doi: 10.1023/A:1013746828074.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egger N.G., Goeger D. E., Payne D. A. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda. Multiplicity of risk factors including HFE mutations, hepatitis C, and inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency. Dig.Dis. Sci. 2002; 47: 419-426. doi: 10.1023/A:1013746828074.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jalil S., Grady J. J., Lee C., Anderson K. E. Assocoations among behavior-related susceptibility factors in porphyria cutanea tarda. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2010; 8 (3): 297-302. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2009.11.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jalil S., Grady J. J., Lee C., Anderson K. E. Assocoations among behavior-related susceptibility factors in porphyria cutanea tarda. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2010; 8 (3): 297-302. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2009.11.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castiella A., Zapata E., de Juan M. D. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda. An analysis of HFE gene mutation, hepatitis viruses, alcohol intake, and other risk factors in 54 patients from Guipuzcoa, Basque Country, Spain. Liver J Inter Associat. Study Liver. 2012; 32 (10): 1597. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2012.02834.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castiella A., Zapata E., de Juan M. D. et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda. An analysis of HFE gene mutation, hepatitis viruses, alcohol intake, and other risk factors in 54 patients from Guipuzcoa, Basque Country, Spain. Liver J Inter Associat. Study Liver. 2012; 32 (10): 1597. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2012.02834.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Viera F.M.J., Cancado E. L.R., Nakhle M. C., et al. Precipitating factors of porhyria cutanea tarda in Brazil with emphasis on hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutations. Study of 60 patients. An. Bras. Dermatol. 2013; 88 (4): 530-540. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132048.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Viera F.M.J., Cancado E. L.R., Nakhle M. C., et al. Precipitating factors of porhyria cutanea tarda in Brazil with emphasis on hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutations. Study of 60 patients. An. Bras. Dermatol. 2013; 88 (4): 530-540. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132048.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frank J., Poblete-Gutierrez P., Weiskirchen R. et al. Hemochromatosis gene sequence deviations in German patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Physiol Res. 2006;55 Suppl 2: S75-83. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.930000.55.S2.75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frank J., Poblete-Gutierrez P., Weiskirchen R. et al. Hemochromatosis gene sequence deviations in German patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Physiol Res. 2006;55 Suppl 2: S75-83. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.930000.55.S2.75.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
