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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-207-11-216-226</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-2211</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика поражений пищеварительной системы у пациентов с сахарным диабетом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of digestive system lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ченцов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chentsov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-4438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коковина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokovina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-8096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-9903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиркина</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirkina</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tatyana-chirkina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-833X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тиселько</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tiselko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургское автономное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская поликлиника № 40»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Autonomous Health Care Institution “City Polyclinic № 40”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northwest State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д. О. Отта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. O. Ott Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>226</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ченцов Д.В., Коковина Ю.В., Асланов Б.И., Чиркина Т.М., Тиселько А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ченцов Д.В., Коковина Ю.В., Асланов Б.И., Чиркина Т.М., Тиселько А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chentsov D.V., Kokovina Y.V., Aslanov B.I., Chirkina T.M., Tiselko A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2211">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2211</self-uri><abstract><p>Поражение пищеварительной системы при сахарном диабете (СД) имеет вторичную природу и возникают вследствие автономной нейропатии. В результате гипергликемии развиваются поражения пищевода, желудка, тонкого и толстого кишечника. Наиболее частым расстройством пищеварительной системы при СД является гастропарез. Диагностика гастропареза в настоящее время недостаточна. Это связано с низкой осведомленностью и, как следствие, редкой обращаемостью пациентов к специалисту, также сходством клинических симптомов с другими функциональными расстройствами желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ). Основные факторы риска гастропареза - гипергликемия, курение, алкоголь, некоторые лекарственные препараты. Большинство пациентов с гастропарезом страдают депрессией и повышенной тревожностью. Прием препаратов для лечения депрессии негативно влияет на функции пищеварительной системы. Эта проблема препятствует улучшению качества жизни пациентов. В период пандемии коронавирусной инфекции участились обращения пациентов за медицинской помощью в связи с обострением расстройств ЖКТ. Вопрос об этиологии подлежит дальнейшему изучению. В настоящем обзоре также рассматривается влияние холецистэктомии на развитие гастропареза у этих пациентов. Эти пациенты нуждается в особом контроле уровня глюкозы для назначения своевременной сахароснижающей терапии и предупреждения гастропареза в будущем. Для лечения поражений пищеварительной системы при сахарном диабете первостепенную роль играет специальная диета, в частности, исключение трудноусваиваемой клетчатки, жирной пищи, включение витаминных комплексов и нормализация микробиоты. Основное терапевтическое значение играет своевременная диагностика и нормализация уровня глюкозы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Lesions of the digestive system in diabetes mellitus (DM) are of secondary nature and arise due to autonomic neuropathy. As a result of hyperglycemia, lesions of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine develop. The most common disorder of the digestive system in diabetes is gastroparesis. The diagnosis of gastroparesis is currently insufficient. It is connected with low awareness and, as a consequence, rare visit of patients to specialists, and also with similarity of clinical symptoms with other functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The main risk factors for gastroparesis are hyperglycemia, smoking, alcohol, and certain medications. Most patients with gastroparesis suffer from depression and increased anxiety. Taking medications to treat depression negatively affects the function of the digestive system. This problem interferes with patients’ quality of life. During the pandemic of coronavirus infection, the number of patients seeking medical care due to exacerbation of gastrointestinal disorders increased. The question of etiology is subject to further study. This review also considers the effect of cholecystectomy on the development of gastroparesis in these patients. These patients need special monitoring of glucose levels to prescribe timely antidiabetic therapy and prevent future gastroparesis. For the treatment of lesions of the digestive system in diabetes mellitus, a special diet, in particular the exclusion of hard-to-digest fiber, fatty foods, inclusion of vitamin complexes and normalization of the microbiota plays a paramount role. The main therapeutic value is the timely diagnosis and normalization of glucose levels.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ГЭРБ</kwd><kwd>гастропарез</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>билиарозависимый панкреатит</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GERD</kwd><kwd>gastroparesis</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>biliary pancreatitis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dedov I. I., Shestakova M. V., Vikulova O. K., Zheleznyakova A. V., Isakov M. А. 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