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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-207-11-191-197</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-2207</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммуногистохимическое исследование симпатической иннервации толстой кишки при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunohistochemical study of the sympathetic innervation of the colon in chronic slow-transit constipation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумасов</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumasov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ua1сt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1405-7660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майстренко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maistrenko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ромашенко</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romashchenko</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самедов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samedov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-8658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-8165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржевский</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhevskii</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>197</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромашенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромашенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumasov E.I., Maistrenko N.A., Romashchenko P.N., Samedov V.B., Petrova E.S., Korzhevskii D.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2207">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/2207</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель настоящего исследования - выяснить распределение и особенности симпатической иннервации тканей стенки кишки человека при ХМТЗ с помощью иммуногистохимических методов. Материалы и методы. Иммуногистохимическое исследование сегментов кишечника (ободочной и сигмовидной кишки), полученных в результате хирургического лечения больных тяжелой формой хронического медленно-транзитного запора (ХМТЗ) проводилось с использовалнием нейральных маркеров (белка PGP 9.5, тирозингидроксилазы, синаптофизина). Результаты. Выяснилось, что основная масса постганглионарных симпатических нервных волокон локализуется в Ауэрбаховом и Мейснеровом сплетениях. Их терминальные аксоны образуют вокруг холинергических нейронов перицеллюлярные синаптических аппараты. Другая часть симпатических волокон участвует в иннервации мышечной пластинки слизистой оболочки и стенки венозных сосудов подслизистой оболочки; их терминальные варикозные аксоны закачиваются на гладкомышечных клетках дистантными синапсами en passant. Установлены существенные особенности нарушения симпатической иннервации толстого кишечника исследованных больных; обнаружены морфологические признаки реактивных, дистрофических и тяжелых дегенеративных изменений симпатических аппаратов в ганглиозных сплетениях. Выявлены закономерности отсутствия симпатической иннервации в двух основных мышечных слоях (продольном и циркулярном), а также в слизистой оболочке. В изученных отделах толстого кишечника симпатические нейроны не обнаружены. Заключение. Предполагается, что выявленные патологические изменения симпатической иннервации при ХМТЗ могут служить одной из основных причин нарушения нормальных функций кишечника.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution and features of sympathetic innervation of the tissues of the human colon wall in chronic slow-transit constipation using immunohistochemical methods. Materials and methods. Immunohistochemical study of large intestine segments (colon and sigmoid colon) obtained as a result of surgical treatment of patients with chronic slow-transit constipation was carried out using neural markers (PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase, synaptophysin). Results. It has been shown that the majority of postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers are localized in the Auerbach and Meissner plexuses. Their terminal axons form pericellular synaptic apparatuses around cholinergic neurons. Another part of the sympathetic fibers is involved in the innervation of the muscular plate of the mucous membrane and the walls of the venous vessels of the submucosa; their terminal varicose axons can be seen on smooth muscle cells as distant synapses en passant. Significant features of sympathetic innervation disorders of the large intestine of the studied patients were established; morphological evidence for the reactive, dystrophic and degenerative changes in the sympathetic apparatuses in the ganglionic plexuses were found. The regularities of the absence of sympathetic innervation in two muscle layers (longitudinal and circular), as well as in the mucous membrane, were revealed. Sympathetic neurons were not found in the studied sections of the large intestine. Conclusion. It is assumed that the identified pathological changes in sympathetic innervation in chronic slow-transit constipation can serve as one of the main causes of disruption of normal bowel functions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ободочная кишка человека</kwd><kwd>сигмовидная кишка человека</kwd><kwd>ХМТЗ</kwd><kwd>тирозингидроксилаза</kwd><kwd>белок PGP 9.5</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human colon</kwd><kwd>human sigmoid colon</kwd><kwd>chronic slow-transit constipation</kwd><kwd>tyrosine hydroxylase</kwd><kwd>PGP 9.5 protein</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nozdrachev A. D. Physiology of the autonomic nervous system. L., Medicine Publ., 1983. (In Russ.)@@ Ноздрачев А. Д. 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