<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg201-5-97-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-1989</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование методики “String-to-ring” (метод «тракции через блок») при выполнении эндоскопической резекции с диссекцией в подслизистом слое эпителиальных новообразований прямой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“String-to-ring” traction technique for endoscopic submocosal dissection in the treatment of rectal tumors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2892-6609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митраков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrakov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митраков Александр Анатольевич, заведующий отделением эндоскопии</p><p>603093, Нижегородская Область, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Родионова, д. 190603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского. д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr A. Mitrakov, Chief of Endoscopy</p><p>603093, Nizhny Novgorod, st. Rodionova, build.190603005, Nizhny Novgorod, pl. Minin and Pozharsky, build.10/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandr_mit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-2155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пирогов Сергей Сергеевич, д. м. н., заведующий отделом эндоскопии</p><p>125284, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Pirogov, M.D., Ph. D. Head of endoscopy division</p><p>125284, Moscow, 2nd Botkinskiy proezd, build.3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-3534</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митракова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrakova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митракова Нина Николаевна, д. м. н., директор Учебного центра эндоскопии “Endoscopy.PRO” </p><p>603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского. д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina N. Mitrakova, MD, Phd, Chief of Endoscopy learning Center “Endoscopy.PRO”</p><p>603005, Nizhny Novgorod, pl. Minin and Pozharsky, build.10/1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамаюнов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamayunov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гамаюнов Сергей Викторович, к. м. н., главный врач; внештатный научный сотрудник Отделения лучевого и хирургического лечения заболеваний абдоминальной области</p><p>603093, Нижегородская Область, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Родионова, д. 190249036, Калужская область, г. Обнинск, ул. Королёва, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Gamayunov, Ph.D., Head; Visiting Fellow Unit</p><p>603093, Nizhny Novgorod, st. Rodionova, build.190249036, Kaluga region, Obninsk, Korolev str., build. 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2892-6609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимощенко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshchenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимощенко Михаил Владимирович, ординатор кафедры общей, оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии им. А. И. Кожевникова</p><p>603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского. д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michail V. Timoshchenko, resident</p><p>603005, Nizhny Novgorod, pl. Minin and Pozharsky, build.10/1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1746-0583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гагаев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gagaev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гагаев Роман Андреевич, врач-эндоскопист</p><p>603093, Нижегородская Область, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Родионова, д. 190603005, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского. д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Gagaev, Endoscopy Unit</p><p>603093, Nizhny Novgorod, st. Rodionova, build.190603005, Nizhny Novgorod, pl. Minin and Pozharsky, build.10/1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НО Нижегородский Областной Клинический Онкологический Диспансер; ФГБОУ ВО “Приволжский исследовательский Медицинский Университет” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Nizhniy Novgorod State Oncological Hospital; Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МНИОИ им. П. А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P. A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Приволжский исследовательский Медицинский Университет” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НО Нижегородский Областной Клинический Онкологический Диспансер; МРНЦ им АФ Цыба—филиал НМИЦ Радиологии Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Nizhniy Novgorod State Oncological Hospital; A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center — branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (A. Tsyb MRRC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Митраков А.А., Пирогов С.С., Митракова Н.Н., Гамаюнов С.В., Тимощенко М.В., Гагаев Р.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митраков А.А., Пирогов С.С., Митракова Н.Н., Гамаюнов С.В., Тимощенко М.В., Гагаев Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mitrakov A.A., Pirogov S.S., Mitrakova N.N., Gamayunov S.V., Timoshchenko M.V., Gagaev R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1989">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1989</self-uri><abstract><p>В период с октября 2016 года по июнь 2021 года на базе ГБУЗ НО Нижегородского Областного Клинического Онкологического Диспансера было проведено сравнительное исследование результатов эндоскопической резекции с диссекцией в подслизистом слое (ЭПД) в классическом варианте и в модификации «Тракции через блок» (“String-to-ring”).“String-to-ring“ — тракционная модификация техники ЭПД, принципом которой является использование металлического кольца, фиксированного клипсой к противоположной от новообразования стенке. Через кольцо проводится нить, прикрепленная к свободному краю опухоли эндоскопической клипсой, свободный её конец, при этом, находится в руках врача. Натяжение нити позволяет выполнять тракцию удаляемого образования в заданном направлении с регулируемой силой натяжения.В исследование был включен 41 пациент с поверхностными эпителиальными новообразованиями прямой кишки размером 3 и более см. Сформировано две группы больных. Первая — пациенты, которым в ходе операции была применена ЭПД с модификацией “String-to-ring” (n = 19). Вторая группа—больные, которым выполнена классическая методика ЭПД (n = 22). В работе была проведена оценка радикальности вмешательства, частоты возникновения интраоперационных осложнений и времени, затраченного на выполнение операции.Исходя из полученных данных, модификация “String-to-ring” демонстрирует возможность и эффективность клинического применения благодаря выявленным в ходе исследования преимуществам: техническая простота выполнения, возможность контроля силы и угла тракции, уменьшение частоты таких осложнений как кровотечение и перфорация с 19% до 0%, средней продолжительности операции более чем на 20 мин, чем во второй (среднее время 63,6 ± 15,3 мин и 85,8 ± 17,5 мин соответственно).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results for “string-to-ring” ESD and conventional ESD were compared in present study. The “string-to-ring” method was developed to create traction using a thread, fixed to the edge of the tumor, that is moved through a ring, located on the clip on the opposite wall. The study included 41 ESDs of the lesions larger than 3 cm in the rectum, that were performed from October 2016 to June 2021. Patients were divided into two groups (“string-to-ring” ESD, n = 19; conventional ESD, n = 22). Time of the procedure and the frequency of complications were evaluated.Analyzing the obtained data, the “string-to-ring” method allowed to shorten the operation time (from 85,8 ± 17,5 to 63,6 ± 15,3 min), reduce the rate of intraoperative bleeding and perforations from 19% to 0%.At the conclusion, ESD with “string-to-ring” traction—a promising technique with potential for clinical application. The advantage of this method provide better visualizing the submucosal layer due to the direction of gravity. This method facilitates ESD, reduces procedure time and the number of intraoperative complications—bleeding and perforation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндоскопическая диссекция в подслизистом слое</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическая резекция новообразования</kwd><kwd>опухоли прямой кишки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ESD</kwd><kwd>endoscopic dissection in the submucosal layer</kwd><kwd>endoscopic mucosal resection</kwd><kwd>rectal neoplasms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uraoka T., Saito Y., Matsuda T., et al. Endoscopic indications for endoscopic mucosal resection of laterally spreading tumours in the colorectum. Gut. 2006;55(11):1592–1597. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.087452</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uraoka T., Saito Y., Matsuda T., et al. Endoscopic indications for endoscopic mucosal resection of laterally spreading tumours in the colorectum. Gut. 2006;55(11):1592–1597. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.087452</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nomura T., Kamei A., Sugimoto S., Oyamada J. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using the “dental floss with rubber band method”. Endoscopy. 2018;50(3): E78-E80. doi:10.1055/s-0043–124866</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nomura T., Kamei A., Sugimoto S., Oyamada J. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using the “dental floss with rubber band method”. Endoscopy. 2018;50(3): E78-E80. doi:10.1055/s-0043–124866</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parra-Blanco A., Nicolas D., Arnau M. R., Gimeno-Garcia A.Z., Rodrigo L., Quintero E. Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection assisted by a new traction method: the clip-band technique. A feasibility study in a porcine model (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74(5):1137–1141. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2011.07.037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parra-Blanco A., Nicolas D., Arnau M. R., Gimeno-Garcia A.Z., Rodrigo L., Quintero E. Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection assisted by a new traction method: the clip-band technique. A feasibility study in a porcine model (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74(5):1137–1141. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2011.07.037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marín-Gabriel J.C., Fernández-Esparrach G., Díaz-Tasende J., Herreros de Tejada A. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection from a Western perspective: Today’s promises and future challenges. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;8(2):40–55. doi:10.4253/wjge.v8.i2.40</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marín-Gabriel J.C., Fernández-Esparrach G., Díaz-Tasende J., Herreros de Tejada A. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection from a Western perspective: Today’s promises and future challenges. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;8(2):40–55. doi:10.4253/wjge.v8.i2.40</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen P.J., Chu H. C., Chang W. K., Hsieh T. Y., Chao Y. C. Endoscopic submucosal dissection with internal traction for early gastric cancer (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;67(1):128–132. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2007.07.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen P.J., Chu H. C., Chang W. K., Hsieh T. Y., Chao Y. C. Endoscopic submucosal dissection with internal traction for early gastric cancer (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;67(1):128–132. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2007.07.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferlitsch M., Moss A., Hassan C., et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2017;49(3):270–297. doi:10.1055/s-0043–102569</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferlitsch M., Moss A., Hassan C., et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2017;49(3):270–297. doi:10.1055/s-0043–102569</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nomura T., Kamei A., Sugimoto S., Oyamada J. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using the “dental fl oss with rubber band method”. Endoscopy. 2018;50(3): E78-E80. doi:10.1055/s-0043–124866</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nomura T., Kamei A., Sugimoto S., Oyamada J. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using the “dental fl oss with rubber band method”. Endoscopy. 2018;50(3): E78-E80. doi:10.1055/s-0043–124866</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ono H., Kondo H., Gotoda T., et al. Endoscopic mucosal resection for treatment of early gastric cancer. Gut. 2001;48(2):225–229. doi:10.1136/gut.48.2.225</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ono H., Kondo H., Gotoda T., et al. Endoscopic mucosal resection for treatment of early gastric cancer. Gut. 2001;48(2):225–229. doi:10.1136/gut.48.2.225</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritsuno H., Sakamoto N., Osada T., et al. Prospective clinical trial of traction device- assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection of large superfi cial colorectal tumors using the S-O clip. Surg Endosc. 2014;28(11):3143–3149. doi:10.1007/s00464–014–3572–0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritsuno H., Sakamoto N., Osada T., et al. Prospective clinical trial of traction device- assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection of large superfi cial colorectal tumors using the S-O clip. Surg Endosc. 2014;28(11):3143–3149. doi:10.1007/s00464–014–3572–0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taku K., Sano Y., Fu K. I., et al. Iatrogenic perforation associated with therapeutic colonoscopy: a multicenter study in Japan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(9):1409–1414. doi:10.1111/j.1440–1746.2007.05022.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taku K., Sano Y., Fu K. I., et al. Iatrogenic perforation associated with therapeutic colonoscopy: a multicenter study in Japan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(9):1409–1414. doi:10.1111/j.1440–1746.2007.05022.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka S., Kashida H., Saito Y., et al. JGES guidelines for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection/endoscopic mucosal resection. Dig Endosc. 2015;27(4):417–434. doi:10.1111/den.12456</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka S., Kashida H., Saito Y., et al. JGES guidelines for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection/endoscopic mucosal resection. Dig Endosc. 2015;27(4):417–434. doi:10.1111/den.12456</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomiki Y., Ishiyama S., Sugimoto K., et al. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection by using latex-band traction. Endoscopy. 2011;43 Suppl 2 UCTN: E250-E251. doi:10.1055/s-0030–1256513</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomiki Y., Ishiyama S., Sugimoto K., et al. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection by using latex-band traction. Endoscopy. 2011;43 Suppl 2 UCTN: E250-E251. doi:10.1055/s-0030–1256513</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tziatzios G., Ebigbo A., Gölder S. K., Probst A., Messmann H. Methods that Assist Traction during Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Superfi cial Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Literature Review. Clin Endosc. 2020;53(3):286–301. doi:10.5946/ce.2019.147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tziatzios G., Ebigbo A., Gölder S. K., Probst A., Messmann H. Methods that Assist Traction during Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Superfi cial Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Literature Review. Clin Endosc. 2020;53(3):286–301. doi:10.5946/ce.2019.147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mori H., Kobara H., Nishiyama N., Fujihara S., Matsunaga T., Masaki T. Novel eff ective and repeatedly available ring-thread counter traction for safer colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection. Surg Endosc. 2017;31(7):3040–3047. doi:10.1007/s00464–016–5326–7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mori H., Kobara H., Nishiyama N., Fujihara S., Matsunaga T., Masaki T. Novel eff ective and repeatedly available ring-thread counter traction for safer colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection. Surg Endosc. 2017;31(7):3040–3047. doi:10.1007/s00464–016–5326–7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Watanabe T., Muro K., Ajioka Y., et al. Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2016 for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 2018;23(1):1–34. doi:10.1007/s10147–017–1101–6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Watanabe T., Muro K., Ajioka Y., et al. Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2016 for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 2018;23(1):1–34. doi:10.1007/s10147–017–1101–6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
