<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-194-10-14-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-1754</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль неалкогольной жировой болезни печени в развитии сосудистой ригидности и сердечно-сосудистого риска у больных с артериальной гипертензией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the development of vascular rigidity and cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-0312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаценко</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Statsenko</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стаценко Михаил Евгеньевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, проректор по научной работе, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней.</p><p>400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, дом 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Statsenko - MD, PhD, DmedSci, Prof. Vice-Rector for Research, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine.</p><p>400131, Pavshih Bortscov sqr., 1, Volgograd.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mestatsenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-3011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрельцова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Streltsova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стрельцова Анастасия Михайловна - аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней.</p><p>400131, Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, дом 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia M. Streltsova - post-graduate student of the Department of Internal Medicine.</p><p>400131, Pavshih Bortscov sqr., 1, Volgograd.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стаценко М.Е., Стрельцова А.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стаценко М.Е., Стрельцова А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Statsenko M.E., Streltsova A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1754">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1754</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить показатели липидного и углеводного обменов, инсулинорезистентности, хронического низкоинтенсивного системного воспаления, структурно-функциональные показатели печени у пациентов с АГ и НАЖБП по сравнению с пациентами с изолированной АГ, а также роль их изменений в снижении эластичности магистральных артерий и увеличении риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений у пациентов с коморбидной патологией. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено сравнительное поперечное исследование, в которое было включено 120 пациентов, в возрасте от 45 до 65, с АГ I-II степени, 1-2 стадии (с НАЖБП(FLI≥60) и без нее). При первичном осмотре осуществили клиническое обследование, проведена оценка показателей липидного, углеводного и структурно-функциональных показателей печени. Также оценивали выраженность хронического системного воспаления и инсулинорезистентность. Измеряли СРПВ, ЦАД, сосудистый возраст, общий сердечно-сосудистый риск по шкале SCORE. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о более выраженной инсулинорезистентности, хроническом системном воспалении, а также достоверно более высоких показателях липидного обмена у больных с АГ и НАЖБП в сравнении с пациентами с изолированной АГ. Кроме того, у пациентов данной группы достоверно выше показатели СРПВ и ЦАД и больные АГ с коморбидной патологией имеют более высокий 10-летний фатальный риск (р=0,013). Проведенный ROC-анализ показал, что при FLI≥60 прогнозируется высокий риск СРПВм&gt;10м/с. Множественный регрессионный анализ установил, что увеличение ХС ЛПОНП приводит к росту значений как СРПВэ (p&lt;0,001), так и СРПВм (p=0,048). 10-летний фатальный риск (SCORE) у больных АГ с коморбидной патологией возрастал при увеличении СРПВэ (р=0,021), FLI (р=0,013) и висцерального ожирения (р&lt;0,001). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенное исследование свидетельствует, что у пациентов с АГ и НАЖБП по сравнению с пациентами с изолированной АГ достоверно выше показатели инсулинорезистентности, хронического низкоинтенсивного системного воспаления, чаще обнаруживается высокоатерогенный тип гиперлипидемии и висцеральное ожирение. Также у коморбидных больных с АГ определяются статистически значимые более высокие значения ЦАД и индекса аугментации. Показатели жесткости магистральных артерий были также достоверно выше у пациентов АГ с коморбидной патологией. Проведенный ROC анализ установил, что при FLI≥60 прогнозировался высокий риск СРПВм&gt;10м/с, что взаимосвязано с развитием кардиоваскулярных осложнений. Также множественный регрессионный анализ продемонстрировал, что рост СРПВэ и СРПВм был обусловлен преимущественно увеличением ХС ЛПОНП, а 10-летний фатальный ССР осложнений имел наибольший прирост при увеличении значений показателей СРПВэ, FLI и висцерального ожирения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To assess the parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, chronic low-intensity systemic inflammation, structural and functional parameters of the liver in patients with hypertension (AH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared with patients with isolated AH, as well as the impact of changes in these parameters on reducing the elasticity of the main arteries and increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with comorbid pathology.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 120 patients, aged 45 to 65, with AH grade I-II, stages 1-2 (with (FLI≥60) and without NAFLD). During the initial examination, a clinical examination was carried out, the parameters of lipid, carbohydrate and structural-functional parameters of the liver were assessed. The severity of chronic systemic inflammation and insulin resistance were also assessed. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), central aortic pressure (CAP), vascular age and total cardiovascular risk were measured according to the SCORE scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The data obtained indicate a more pronounced insulin resistance, chronic systemic inflammation, as well as significantly higher lipid metabolism in patients with AH and NAFLD in comparison with patients with isolated AH. In addition, in patients of this group, the indicators of PWV and CAP were significantly higher, and patients with AH and NAFLD had a higher 10-year fatal risk (p=0.013). The performed ROC analysis showed that at FLI≥60, a high risk of PWVm&gt;10m/s is predicted. Multiple regression analysis found that an increase in VLDL cholesterol leads to an increase in the values of both PWVe (p&lt;0.001) and PWVb (p=0.048). The 10-year fatal risk (SCORE) in patients with AH and NAFLD increased with an increase in PWVe (p=0.021), FLI (p=0.013), and visceral obesity (p&lt;0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study shows that in patients with AH and NAFLD, compared with patients with isolated AH, the indicators of insulin resistance and chronic low-intensity systemic inflammation are significantly higher, the highly atherogenic type of hyperlipidemia and visceral obesity are more often found. Also, in comorbid patients with AH, statistically significant higher values of CAP and augmentation index are determined. Stiffness indices of the great arteries were also significantly higher in patients with comorbid pathology. The ROC analysis showed that at FLI≥60, a high risk of PWVm&gt;10 m/s was predicted, which is associated with the development of cardiovascular complications. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that the increase in PWVe and PWVm was mainly due to an increase in VLDL cholesterol, and the 10-year fatal cardiovascular risk of complications had the greatest increase with an increase in the values of PWVe, FLI and visceral obesity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистый риск</kwd><kwd>скорость распространения пульсовой волны</kwd><kwd>центральное аортальное давление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular risk</kwd><kwd>pulse wave velocity</kwd><kwd>central aortic pressure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта молодых ученых ВолгГМУ, приказ 29-КО от 02.06.2020.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of young scientists from Volgograd State Medical University, order 29-KO of 06/02/2020.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Younossi, Z. M. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease -A Global Public Health Perspective. Journal of Hepatology. 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Younossi, Z. M. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease -A Global Public Health Perspective. Journal of Hepatology. 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.033.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maurice, J., &amp; Manousou, P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Medicine, 2018;18(3), 245-250. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maurice, J., &amp; Manousou, P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Medicine, 2018;18(3), 245-250. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазебник Л. Б., Голованова Е. В., Туркина С. В., и др. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени у взрослых: клиника, диагностика, лечение. Рекомендации для терапевтов, третья версия. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2021;1(1):4-52. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-185-1-4-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Golovanova E. V., Turkina S. V. et al Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: clinic, diagnostics, treatment. Guidelines for therapists, third version. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2021;1(1):4-52. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-185-1-4-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Medicine, 2017;15(1). doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0806-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Medicine, 2017;15(1). doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0806-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maurice, J., &amp; Manousou, P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Medicine. 2018;18(3), 245-250. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maurice, J., &amp; Manousou, P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Medicine. 2018;18(3), 245-250. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пальгова Л. К., Барановский А. Ю., Ушакова Т. И., Юркина А. С., Блинов Д. В. Эпидемиологические особенности неалкогольной жировой болезни печени в северо-западном регионе России (результаты открытого многоцентрового проспективного исследования DIREG 2). Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. 2017. 12(2). С118-135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palgova L. K., Baranovsky A. Yu., Ushakova T. I., Yurkina A. S., Blinov D. V. Epidemiological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the north-west region of Russia. Vestnik SPbSU. 2017; 12(2): 118-135. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов Г. П., Баранова Е. И., Барбараш О. Л., и др. Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал, 2020; 25 (3): 149-218. doi: 10.15829/1560-40712020-3-3786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(3):3786. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bryan Williams, Giuseppe Mancia, Wilko Spiering, Enrico Agabiti Rosei, Michel Azizi, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH), Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-3104., doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bryan Williams, Giuseppe Mancia, Wilko Spiering, Enrico Agabiti Rosei, Michel Azizi, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH), Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-3104., doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oikonomou D., Georgiopoulos G., Katsi V., Kourek C., Tsioufis C., et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hypertension. European Journal of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, 2018; 30(9): 979-985. doi: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001191.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oikonomou D., Georgiopoulos G., Katsi V., Kourek C., Tsioufis C., et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hypertension. European Journal of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, 2018; 30(9): 979-985. doi: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001191.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ono M., Ochi T., Munekage K., Ogasawara M., Hirose A., Nozaki Y., et al. Angiotensinogen gene haplotype is associated with the prevalence of Japanese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatol Res. 2011; 41(12):1223-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2011.00883.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ono M., Ochi T., Munekage K., Ogasawara M., Hirose A., Nozaki Y., et al. Angiotensinogen gene haplotype is associated with the prevalence of Japanese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatol Res. 2011; 41(12):1223-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2011.00883.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bedogni G., Bellentani S., Miglioli L., et al. The fatty liver index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2006; 6:33. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-6-33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bedogni G., Bellentani S., Miglioli L., et al. The fatty liver index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2006; 6:33. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-6-33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Angulo P., et al. The NAFLD fibrosis score: a nonin-vasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Hepatology. 2007, no. 45, pp. 846-54. doi: 10.1002/hep.21496.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Angulo P., et al. The NAFLD fibrosis score: a nonin-vasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Hepatology. 2007, no. 45, pp. 846-54. doi: 10.1002/hep.21496.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ройтберг Г. Е., Дорош Ж. В., Шархун O. O. и др. Возможности применения нового метаболического индекса при оценке инсулинорезистентности в клинической практике. РФК. 2014;10(3):264-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roytberg G.E., Dorosh J. V., Sharhun O. O., et al. New metabolic index use potentialities in evaluation of insulin resistance in clinical practice. RPhC. 2014;10(3):264-274. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-3-264-274.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов Г. П., Баранова Е. И., Барбараш О. Л., и др. Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал, 2020; 25 (3): 149-218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arutyunov G.P., Baranova E. I., Barbarash O. L., et al. Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(3):3786. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю. А., Иванова С. В., Школьник Е. Л. и др. Согласованное мнение российских экспертов по оценке артериальной жесткости в клинической практике. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика 2016;15 (2):4-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasyuk Y.A., Ivanova S. V., Shkolnik E. L., et al. Consensus of Russian experts on the evaluation of arterial stiffness in clinical practice. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2016;15 (2):4-19. Russian. doi: 10.15829/172 8-8800-2016-2-4-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бойцов С. А. Следствия и уроки исследования ASCOT. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2007;6(6):91-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boytsov S.A. ASCOT study: consequences and lessons. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2007;6(6):91-97. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Agostino R.B., Vasan R. S., Pencina M. J., et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008; 117(6): 743-53. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Agostino R.B., Vasan R. S., Pencina M. J., et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008; 117(6): 743-53. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(3):3786. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(3):3786. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Атеросклероз и дислипидемии. Диагностика и коррекция нарушений липидного обмена с целью профилактики и лечения атеросклероза. Российские рекомендации, VII пересмотр. 2020;1(38):7-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Diagnostics and correction of lipid metabolism disorders in order to prevent and treat atherosclerosis. Russian recommendations, VII revision. 2020; 1 (38): 7-42. (In Russ.) doi: 10.34687/2219-8202.JAD.2020.01.0002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu Z., Li S. Association Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-а and the Risk of Hepatic Events: A Median 3 Years Follow-Up Study. Hepat Mon, 2018; 18(7): e65537. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.65537.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu Z., Li S. Association Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-а and the Risk of Hepatic Events: A Median 3 Years Follow-Up Study. Hepat Mon, 2018; 18(7): e65537. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.65537.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niederreiter L., Tilg H. Cytokines and fatty liver diseases. Liver Research, 2018; 2: 14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.03.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niederreiter L., Tilg H. Cytokines and fatty liver diseases. Liver Research, 2018; 2: 14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.03.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaruvongvanich, Veeravich; Chenbhanich, Jirat; Sanguankeo, Anawin; Rattanawong, Pattara; Wijarnpreecha, Karn; Upala, Sikarin. Increased arterial stiffness in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, 2017; 1. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000909.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaruvongvanich, Veeravich; Chenbhanich, Jirat; Sanguankeo, Anawin; Rattanawong, Pattara; Wijarnpreecha, Karn; Upala, Sikarin. Increased arterial stiffness in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, 2017; 1. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000909.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu, Hong Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2014;20(26), 8407. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8407.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu, Hong Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2014;20(26), 8407. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8407.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonci, Enea; Chiesa, Claudio; Versacci, Paolo; Anania, Caterina; Silvestri, Lucia; Pacifico, Lucia (2015). Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Subclinical Cardiovascular Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BioMed Research International. 2015, 1-11. doi: 10.1155/2015/213737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonci, Enea; Chiesa, Claudio; Versacci, Paolo; Anania, Caterina; Silvestri, Lucia; Pacifico, Lucia (2015). Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Subclinical Cardiovascular Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BioMed Research International. 2015, 1-11. doi: 10.1155/2015/213737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Драпкина О. М., Шепель Р. Н., Деева Т. А. Толщина эпикардиального жира - «визитная карточка» метаболического синдрома. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2018;15(2):29-34. doi: 10.14341/omet9295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drapkina O.M., Shepel R. N., Deeva T. A. The thickness of the epicardial fat is the “visit card” of metabolic syndrome. Obesity and metabolism. 2018;15(2):29-34. (In Russ.) doi: 10.14341/omet9295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
