<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nogr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-8658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Global Media Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-191-7-30-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nogr-1696</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Систематический компьютерный анализ исследований орнитина для выявления наиболее перспективных трендов терапевтического использования - акцент на функцию печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Systematic computer analysis of ornithine research to identify the most promising trends in therapeutic use - focus on liver function</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-710X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-7998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торшин</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torshin</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8736-5851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазебник</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazebnik</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-1071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Pharmacoinformatics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико- стоматологический университет им. АИ Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО РМАПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBOU DPO RMAPO Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Громова О.А., Торшин И.Ю., Лазебник Л.Б., Максимов В.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Громова О.А., Торшин И.Ю., Лазебник Л.Б., Максимов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gromova O.A., Torshin I.Y., Lazebnik L.B., Maksimov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1696">https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1696</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ 21626 публикаций по фундаментальным и клиническим исследованиям орнитина показал, что фармакологические эффекты орнитина обусловлены его участием в нейтрализации аммиака в цикле мочевины, метаболизме аминокислот, внутриклеточном синтезе белка, воспалении и функционировании Т-клеточного иммунитета. Перспективны применения орнитина при гипераммониемии, стеатогепатозе и других патологиях печени, печеночной энцефалопатии и саркопении. Орнитин поддерживает гормональный баланс, способствуя выработке инсулина и соматотропного гормона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This analysis of 21,626 publications on fundamental and clinical studies of ornithine showed that the pharmacological effects of ornithine are due to its participation in the neutralization of ammonia in the urea cycle, amino acid metabolism, intracellular protein synthesis, inflammation and the functioning of T-cell immunity. The use of ornithine is promising for hyperammonemia, steatohepatosis and other liver pathologies, hepatic encephalopathy and sarcopenia. Ornithine maintains hormonal balance by promoting the production of insulin and growth hormone.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Орнитина аспартат</kwd><kwd>фармакология</kwd><kwd>гепатопротекция</kwd><kwd>ГепаМерц</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ornithine aspartate</kwd><kwd>pharmacology</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotection</kwd><kwd>HepaMertz</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torshin I. Y., Rudakov K. V. On the application of the combinatorial theory of solvability to the analysis of chemographs. part 1: fundamentals of modern chemical bonding theory and the concept of the chemograph. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2014; 24 (1): 11-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torshin I. Y., Rudakov K. V. On the application of the combinatorial theory of solvability to the analysis of chemographs. part 1: fundamentals of modern chemical bonding theory and the concept of the chemograph. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2014; 24 (1): 11-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torshin I. Y., Rudakov K. V. On the application of the combinatorial theory of solvability to the analysis of chemographs. Part 2: local completeness of invariants of chemographs in view of the combinatorial theory of solvability. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2014; 24 (2): 196-208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torshin I. Y., Rudakov K. V. On the application of the combinatorial theory of solvability to the analysis of chemographs. Part 2: local completeness of invariants of chemographs in view of the combinatorial theory of solvability. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2014; 24 (2): 196-208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torshin I. Yu., Rudakov K. V. On the Procedures of Generation of Numerical Features Over Partitions of Sets of Objects in the Problem of Predicting Numerical Target Variables. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2019; 29 (4): 654-667. DOI: 10.1134/S1054661819040175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torshin I. Yu., Rudakov K. V. On the Procedures of Generation of Numerical Features Over Partitions of Sets of Objects in the Problem of Predicting Numerical Target Variables. Patt Rec Image Anal. 2019; 29 (4): 654-667. DOI: 10.1134/S1054661819040175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torshin I. Yu., Gromova O. A., Stakhovskaya L. V., et al. Analysis of 19.9 million publications from the PubMed/MEDLINE database using artificial intelligence methods: approaches to the generalizations of accumulated data and the phenomenon of “fake news. FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology. 2020;13(2):146-163. (In Russ.) Doi: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.021@@ Торшин И. Ю., Громова О. А., Стаховская Л. В., Ванчакова Н. П., и соавт. Анализ 19,9 млн публикаций базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE методами искусственного интеллекта: подходы к обобщению накопленных данных и феномен “fake news”. ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология. 2020;13(2):146-163. doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torshin I. Yu., Gromova O. A., Stakhovskaya L. V., et al. Analysis of 19.9 million publications from the PubMed/MEDLINE database using artificial intelligence methods: approaches to the generalizations of accumulated data and the phenomenon of “fake news. FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology. 2020;13(2):146-163. (In Russ.) Doi: 10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.021@@ Торшин И. Ю., Громова О. А., Стаховская Л. В., Ванчакова Н. П., и соавт. Анализ 19,9 млн публикаций базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE методами искусственного интеллекта: подходы к обобщению накопленных данных и феномен “fake news”. ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология. 2020;13(2):146-163. doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sikorska H, Cianciara J, Wiercińska-Drapało A. [Physiological functions of L-ornithine and L-aspartate in the body and the efficacy of administration of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in conditions of relative deficiency].Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2010 Jun;28(168):490-5. PMID: 20642112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sikorska H, Cianciara J, Wiercińska-Drapało A. [Physiological functions of L-ornithine and L-aspartate in the body and the efficacy of administration of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in conditions of relative deficiency].Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2010 Jun;28(168):490-5. PMID: 20642112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wright G, Vairappan B, Stadlbauer V, Mookerjee RP, Davies NA, Jalan R. Reduction in hyperammonaemia by ornithine phenylacetate prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced brain edema and coma in cirrhotic rats. Liver Int. 2012 Mar;32(3):410-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02698.x. Epub 2011 Dec 8. PMID: 22151131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wright G, Vairappan B, Stadlbauer V, Mookerjee RP, Davies NA, Jalan R. Reduction in hyperammonaemia by ornithine phenylacetate prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced brain edema and coma in cirrhotic rats. Liver Int. 2012 Mar;32(3):410-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02698.x. Epub 2011 Dec 8. PMID: 22151131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Staedt U, Leweling H, Gladisch R, Kortsik C, Hagmüller E, Holm E. Effects of ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and plasma amino acids in patients with cirrhosis. A double-blind, randomized study using a four-fold crossover design. J Hepatol. 1993 Nov;19(3):424-30. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(05)80553-7. PMID: 8151104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Staedt U, Leweling H, Gladisch R, Kortsik C, Hagmüller E, Holm E. Effects of ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and plasma amino acids in patients with cirrhosis. A double-blind, randomized study using a four-fold crossover design. J Hepatol. 1993 Nov;19(3):424-30. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(05)80553-7. PMID: 8151104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strebel H, Haller B, Sohn M, Schepp W, Gundling F. Role of Brain Biomarkers S-100-Beta and Neuron-Specific Enolase for Detection and Follow-Up of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis before, during and after Treatment with L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate. GE Port J Gastroenterol. 2020 Nov;27(6):391-403. doi: 10.1159/000507225. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID: 33251288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strebel H, Haller B, Sohn M, Schepp W, Gundling F. Role of Brain Biomarkers S-100-Beta and Neuron-Specific Enolase for Detection and Follow-Up of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis before, during and after Treatment with L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate. GE Port J Gastroenterol. 2020 Nov;27(6):391-403. doi: 10.1159/000507225. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID: 33251288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butterworth RF, Kircheis G, Hilger N, McPhail MJW. Efficacy of l-Ornithine l-Aspartate for the Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy and Hyperammonemia in Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2018 Sep;8(3):301-313. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 22. PMID: 30302048.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butterworth RF, Kircheis G, Hilger N, McPhail MJW. Efficacy of l-Ornithine l-Aspartate for the Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy and Hyperammonemia in Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2018 Sep;8(3):301-313. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 22. PMID: 30302048.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang J, Tao B, Chong Y, Ma S, Wu G, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Niu M, Zhang S, Wang T, Yang S, Qiao W, Vuong AM, Li J, Zhu D, Tao W. Ornithine and breast cancer: a matched case-control study. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 23;10(1):15502. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72699-9. PMID: 32968187.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang J, Tao B, Chong Y, Ma S, Wu G, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Niu M, Zhang S, Wang T, Yang S, Qiao W, Vuong AM, Li J, Zhu D, Tao W. Ornithine and breast cancer: a matched case-control study. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 23;10(1):15502. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72699-9. PMID: 32968187.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evdokimova AG, Tomova AV, Tereshchenko OI, Zhukolenko LV, Evdokimov VV. [Clinical efficacy of the receptor beta and alpha blockers - carvedilol and ornithine-aspartate in patients with chd and chf combined with alcoholic liver disease]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2016;(6):42-7. PMID: 30280552.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evdokimova AG, Tomova AV, Tereshchenko OI, Zhukolenko LV, Evdokimov VV. [Clinical efficacy of the receptor beta and alpha blockers - carvedilol and ornithine-aspartate in patients with chd and chf combined with alcoholic liver disease]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2016;(6):42-7. PMID: 30280552.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Najmi AK, Pillai KK, Pal SN, Akhtar M, Aqil M, Sharma M. Effect of l-ornithine l-aspartate against thioacetamide-induced hepatic damage in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2010 Dec;42(6):384-7. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.71926. PMID: 21189911.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Najmi AK, Pillai KK, Pal SN, Akhtar M, Aqil M, Sharma M. Effect of l-ornithine l-aspartate against thioacetamide-induced hepatic damage in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2010 Dec;42(6):384-7. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.71926. PMID: 21189911.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Datsenko BM, Tamm TI, Borisenko VB, Kramarenko KA. [Hepatic dysfunction correction in patients with obturation jaundice]. Klin Khir. 2013 Apr;(4):9-12. PMID: 23888709.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Datsenko BM, Tamm TI, Borisenko VB, Kramarenko KA. [Hepatic dysfunction correction in patients with obturation jaundice]. Klin Khir. 2013 Apr;(4):9-12. PMID: 23888709.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butterworth RF, Canbay A. Hepatoprotection by L-Ornithine L-Aspartate in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Dig Dis. 2019;37(1):63-68. doi: 10.1159/000491429. Epub 2018 Jul 17. PMID: 30016770.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butterworth RF, Canbay A. Hepatoprotection by L-Ornithine L-Aspartate in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Dig Dis. 2019;37(1):63-68. doi: 10.1159/000491429. Epub 2018 Jul 17. PMID: 30016770.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian LY, Lu LG, Tang CW, Xie Y, Luo HS, Tan SY, Pang Z, Zhang YL, Gong LB, Li YM, Chen SH, Shi JP. [Aspartate-ornithine granules in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a multiple-dose parallel controlled clinical trial]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2013 Jul;21(7):528-32. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2013.07.013. PMID: 24074713.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian LY, Lu LG, Tang CW, Xie Y, Luo HS, Tan SY, Pang Z, Zhang YL, Gong LB, Li YM, Chen SH, Shi JP. [Aspartate-ornithine granules in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a multiple-dose parallel controlled clinical trial]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2013 Jul;21(7):528-32. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2013.07.013. PMID: 24074713.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holeček M. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation in treatment of liver cirrhosis: Updated views on how to attenuate their harmful effects on cataplerosis and ammonia formation. Nutrition. 2017 Sep;41:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Apr 19. PMID: 28760433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holeček M. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation in treatment of liver cirrhosis: Updated views on how to attenuate their harmful effects on cataplerosis and ammonia formation. Nutrition. 2017 Sep;41:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Apr 19. PMID: 28760433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye Q, Yin W, Zhang L, Xiao H, Qi Y, Liu S, Qian B, Wang F, Han T. The value of grip test, lysophosphatidlycholines, glycerophosphocholine, ornithine, glucuronic acid decrement in assessment of nutritional and metabolic characteristics in hepatitis B cirrhosis. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 6;12(4): e0175165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175165. eCollection 2017. PMID: 28384211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye Q, Yin W, Zhang L, Xiao H, Qi Y, Liu S, Qian B, Wang F, Han T. The value of grip test, lysophosphatidlycholines, glycerophosphocholine, ornithine, glucuronic acid decrement in assessment of nutritional and metabolic characteristics in hepatitis B cirrhosis. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 6;12(4): e0175165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175165. eCollection 2017. PMID: 28384211.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buyeverov AO, Bogomolov PO, Mayev IV, Matsievich MV, Uvarova OV. Possibilities of therapeutic correction of hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C at the pre-cirrhotic stage. Ter Arkh. 2019 Mar 18;91(2):52-58. doi: 10.26442/ 00403660.2019.02.000125. PMID: 31094172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buyeverov AO, Bogomolov PO, Mayev IV, Matsievich MV, Uvarova OV. Possibilities of therapeutic correction of hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C at the pre-cirrhotic stage. Ter Arkh. 2019 Mar 18;91(2):52-58. doi: 10.26442/ 00403660.2019.02.000125. PMID: 31094172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butterworth RF. L-Ornithine L-Aspartate for the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: The Taming of a Vicious Cycle. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Apr 28;2019:8182195. doi: 10.1155/2019/8182195. eCollection 2019. PMID: 31183339</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butterworth RF. L-Ornithine L-Aspartate for the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: The Taming of a Vicious Cycle. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Apr 28;2019:8182195. doi: 10.1155/2019/8182195. eCollection 2019. PMID: 31183339</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jindal A, Jagdish RK. Sarcopenia: Ammonia metabolism and hepatic encephalopathy. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2019 Sep;25(3):270-279. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2019.0015. Epub 2019 Apr 22. PMID: 31006226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jindal A, Jagdish RK. Sarcopenia: Ammonia metabolism and hepatic encephalopathy. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2019 Sep;25(3):270-279. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2019.0015. Epub 2019 Apr 22. PMID: 31006226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar A, Davuluri G, Silva RNE, Engelen MPKJ, Ten Have GAM, Prayson R, Deutz NEP, Dasarathy S. Ammonia lowering reverses sarcopenia of cirrhosis by restoring skeletal muscle proteostasis. Hepatology. 2017 Jun;65(6):2045-2058. doi: 10.1002/hep.29107. Epub 2017 Apr 28. PMID: 28195332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A, Davuluri G, Silva RNE, Engelen MPKJ, Ten Have GAM, Prayson R, Deutz NEP, Dasarathy S. Ammonia lowering reverses sarcopenia of cirrhosis by restoring skeletal muscle proteostasis. Hepatology. 2017 Jun;65(6):2045-2058. doi: 10.1002/hep.29107. Epub 2017 Apr 28. PMID: 28195332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hey P, Gow P, Testro AG, Apostolov R, Chapman B, Sinclair M. Nutraceuticals for the treatment of sarcopenia in chronic liver disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.11.015. Epub 2020 Dec 30. PMID: 33487256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hey P, Gow P, Testro AG, Apostolov R, Chapman B, Sinclair M. Nutraceuticals for the treatment of sarcopenia in chronic liver disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.11.015. Epub 2020 Dec 30. PMID: 33487256.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ho YY, Nakato J, Mizushige T, Kanamoto R, Tanida M, Akiduki S, Ohinata K. l-Ornithine stimulates growth hormone release in a manner dependent on the ghrelin system. Food Funct. 2017 Jun 1;8(6):2110-2114. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00309a. Epub 2017 May 17. PMID: 28513740.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ho YY, Nakato J, Mizushige T, Kanamoto R, Tanida M, Akiduki S, Ohinata K. l-Ornithine stimulates growth hormone release in a manner dependent on the ghrelin system. Food Funct. 2017 Jun 1;8(6):2110-2114. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00309a. Epub 2017 May 17. PMID: 28513740.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsuo H, Iwamoto A, Otsuka T, Hishida Y, Akiduki S, Aoki M, Furuse M, Yasuo S. Effects of time of L-ornithine administration on the diurnal rhythms of plasma growth hormone, melatonin, and corticosterone levels in mice. Chronobiol Int. 2015 Mar;32(2):225-34. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2014.965312. Epub 2014 Oct 6. PMID: 25286138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsuo H, Iwamoto A, Otsuka T, Hishida Y, Akiduki S, Aoki M, Furuse M, Yasuo S. Effects of time of L-ornithine administration on the diurnal rhythms of plasma growth hormone, melatonin, and corticosterone levels in mice. Chronobiol Int. 2015 Mar;32(2):225-34. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2014.965312. Epub 2014 Oct 6. PMID: 25286138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zajac A, Poprzecki S, Zebrowska A, Chalimoniuk M, Langfort J. Arginine and ornithine supplementation increases growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 serum levels after heavy-resistance exercise in strength-trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Apr;24(4):1082-90. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d321ff. PMID: 20300016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zajac A, Poprzecki S, Zebrowska A, Chalimoniuk M, Langfort J. Arginine and ornithine supplementation increases growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 serum levels after heavy-resistance exercise in strength-trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Apr;24(4):1082-90. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d321ff. PMID: 20300016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malaisse WJ, Blachier F, Mourtada A, Camara J, Albor A, Valverde I, Sener A. Stimulus-secretion coupling of arginine-induced insulin release. Metabolism of L-arginine and L-ornithine in pancreatic islets. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Sep 19;1013(2):133-43. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(89)90041-4. PMID: 2669974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malaisse WJ, Blachier F, Mourtada A, Camara J, Albor A, Valverde I, Sener A. Stimulus-secretion coupling of arginine-induced insulin release. Metabolism of L-arginine and L-ornithine in pancreatic islets. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Sep 19;1013(2):133-43. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(89)90041-4. PMID: 2669974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leiss V, Flockerzie K, Novakovic A, Rath M, Schönsiegel A, Birnbaumer L, Schürmann A, Harteneck C, Nürnberg B. Insulin secretion stimulated by L-arginine and its metabolite L-ornithine depends on Gα(i2). Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Nov 1;307(9): E800-12. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00337.2014. Epub 2014 Sep 9. PMID: 25205820.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leiss V, Flockerzie K, Novakovic A, Rath M, Schönsiegel A, Birnbaumer L, Schürmann A, Harteneck C, Nürnberg B. Insulin secretion stimulated by L-arginine and its metabolite L-ornithine depends on Gα(i2). Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Nov 1;307(9): E800-12. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00337.2014. Epub 2014 Sep 9. PMID: 25205820.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schneid C, De Bandt JP, Cynober L, Torres E, Reach G, Darquy S. In vivo induction of insulin secretion by ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate: involvement of nitric oxide and glutamine. Metabolism. 2003 Mar;52(3):344-50. doi: 10.1053/meta.2003.50054. PMID: 12647274.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schneid C, De Bandt JP, Cynober L, Torres E, Reach G, Darquy S. In vivo induction of insulin secretion by ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate: involvement of nitric oxide and glutamine. Metabolism. 2003 Mar;52(3):344-50. doi: 10.1053/meta.2003.50054. PMID: 12647274.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
