nogrЭкспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерологияExperimental and Clinical Gastroenterology1682-8658«Global Media Technologies»10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-190-6-121-129nogr-1685Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWПрецизионная медицина и воспалительные заболевания кишечника: концепция, стратегии, будущееPrecision medicine and inflammatory bowel diseases: concept, strategies, futurehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9252-9152БикбавоваГ. Р.BikbavovaG. R.

Бикбавова Галия Равильевна, кафедра госпитальной терапии, эндокринологии, доцент, к. м. н.

Россия, 644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

Galiya R. Bikbavova, Department of Hospital Therapy, Endocrinology, Associate Professor, PhD in Medical sciences

12 Lenina street, 644099 Omsk, Russia

galiya1976@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-7017ЛивзанМ. А.LivzanM. A.

Ливзан Мария Анатольевна, ректор, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии и гастроэнтерологии, профессор, д. м. н.

Россия, 644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

Mariya A. Livzan, Rector, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy, Occupational Diseases, Professor, MD

12 Lenina street, 644099 Omsk, Russia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4339-2222НовиковД. Г.NovikovD. G.

Новиков Дмитрий Георгиевич, заведующий центральной научно- исследовательской лаборатории, доцент, к. м. н.

Россия, 644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

Dmitry G. Novikov, Head of the Central Research Laboratory, Associate Professor, PhD in Medical sciences

12 Lenina street, 644099 Omsk, Russia

БамбульскаяЕ. А.BambulskayaE. A.

Бамбульская Евгения Александровна, студентка 6 курса лечебного факультета

Россия, 644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

Evgeniya A. Bambulskaya, 6th year student of the Faculty of Medicine

12 Lenina street, 644099 Omsk, Russia

ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Educational Establishment of Higher Education Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20213108202116121129Copyright © Бикбавова Г.Р., Ливзан М.А., Новиков Д.Г., Бамбульская Е.А., 20212021Бикбавова Г.Р., Ливзан М.А., Новиков Д.Г., Бамбульская Е.А.Bikbavova G.R., Livzan M.A., Novikov D.G., Bambulskaya E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nogr.org/jour/article/view/1685Цель обзора

Цель обзора: анализ и обобщение имеющейся на сегодняшний день информации и представление примеров применения современных подходов медицины в клинической практике на примере воспалительных заболеваний кишечника (ВЗК).

Основные положения

Основные положения. С появлением современных клеточных и геномных технологий мы стали участниками интеграции в практическое здравоохранение таких направлений как персонализированная, предиктивная, превентивная, партисипативная медицина обозначаемых как 4П-медицина и вместе с прецизионной медициной составляющих 5П-медицину. На смену классическим приемам диагностики и лечения заболеваний приходит медицина, которая дает возможность прогнозирования (предвидения) заболевания и персонального подхода к каждому пациенту с учетом его генетической, биохимической и физиологической уникальности. Прецизионная медицина стремится повысить качество медицинской помощи, открывая индивидуальный подход к пациенту и охватывает широкий круг областей, включая медикаментозную терапию, генетику, причинно- следственные связи для того, чтобы принимать верные решения на основе фактических данных. 5П-медицина объединяет в себе знания в области протеомики, метаболомики, геномики, биоинформатики с классическими подходами анатомии, терапии, лабораторной и инструментальной диагностики и общественного здоровья. Поиск литературы, содержащей информацию о соответствующих исследованиях проводился в системах PubMed и GoogleScholar по ключевым словам: прецизионная медицина, 4П-медицина, 5П-медицина, воспалительные заболевания кишечника.

Заключение

Заключение. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в медицине в целом, до реализации принципов прецизионной медицины в области ВЗК предстоит пройти еще долгий путь, так как многие клиницисты продолжают вести пациентов с ВЗК симптоматически. Однако, применение специфических биомаркеров и новых стратегий в лечении, описанных в обзоре, могут значительно ускорить этот путь и способствовать совершенствованию диагностических и терапевтических подходов.

With the advent of modern cellular and genomic technologies, we have become participants in the integration of such areas as personalized, predictive, preventive, and precision medicine (referred to as 4P-medicine), into practical healthcare. In replace of the classic methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases comes medicine, which makes it possible to predict (anticipate) the disease, and a personalized approach to each patient, taking into account their genetic, biochemical and physiological uniqueness. Precision medicine aims to improve the quality of medical care by opening up an individual approach to the patient and covers a wide range of areas, including drug therapy, genetics, and cause-and-effect relationships in order to make the right decisions based on evidence. 4P-medicine combines knowledge in the field of proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, bioinformatics with classical approaches of anatomy, therapy, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics as well as public health. The purpose of this review is to analyze and summarize the information available to date and to present examples of the application of modern approaches of medicine into clinical practice by diving into the example of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The search for literature containing scientific information about relevant studies was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar systems with the use of the following keywords: precision medicine, 4P medicine, inflammatory bowel diseases. Despite significant progress in medicine in general, there is still a long way to go before implementing the principles of precision medicine in the field of IBD, since many clinicians continue to treat patients with IBD symptomatically. However, the use of specific biomarkers and new treatment strategies as described in the review, can significantly accelerate this path and contribute to the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

прецизионная медицина4П-медицинавоспалительные заболевания кишечникаprecision medicine4P-medicineinflammatory bowel diseasesПубликация подготовлена ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России за счет финансирования по Гранту Президента РФ для государственной поддержки ведущих научных школ (НШ-2558.2020.7) (соглашение № 075–15–2020–036 от 17 марта 2020 года) «Разработка технологии здоровьесбережения коморбидного больного гастроэнтерологического профиля на основе контроля приверженности».The publication was prepared by the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Omsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia through funding under the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of leading scientifi c schools (NSh-2558.2020.7) (agreement No. 075–15–2020–036 of March 17, 2020) “Development of health preservation technologies of a comorbid gastroenterological patient on the basis of adherence control”.ReferencesЩербо С. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.